INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805
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EARLY DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF COMPLICATIONS OF SPAZMOPHILIA
IN CHILDREN
Ermatov Farhod Akhmetovich
Central Asian Medical University
Assistant at the Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery
Fergana city, Uzbekistan
Annotation:
This article discusses spasmophilia disease observed in children, its pathogenesis,
clinical signs, methods of early detection, and preventive measures to avoid complications. The
study analyzes real data from clinical practice, highlighting opportunities to reduce complications
through early diagnosis and targeted treatment.
Keywords:
spasmophilia, hypocalcemia, children, prevention, diagnostics, blood test, rickets.
Introduction
Spasmophilia is a condition mainly seen in children aged 6 months to 2 years, caused by
disturbances in calcium metabolism in the div, manifesting with hypocalcemia and
neuromuscular excitability. The disease often develops in association with rickets but can also
occur independently in some cases.
Pathogenesis
Spasmophilia results from a decrease in blood calcium (hypocalcemia), an increase in phosphorus,
and a deficiency of parathyroid hormone. This condition increases neuromuscular excitability and
presents with clonic or tonic muscle spasms.
Clinical signs
There are three main clinical forms of spasmophilia:
1. Latent form: No clinical signs, but special tests (Chvostek, Trousseau, Lust) yield positive
results.
2. Tetany: Sudden stiffening of muscles in the hands and feet, laryngospasm, and apnea.
3. Spasmophilia-specific syndromes: Carpopedal spasms, bronchospasm, ECG changes, lowered
blood pressure.
Early detection methods
Early detection of spasmophilia is crucial for preventing complications. The following methods
are effective:
- Clinical examination: signs of rickets, muscle tone, hyperreflexia, and trophic changes.
- Biochemical tests: determining levels of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and alkaline
phosphatase in the blood.
- Electrolyte tests: identifying hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia.
- Electrocardiography (ECG): QT interval prolongation — a hallmark of spasmophilia.
Complications
If not diagnosed in time, spasmophilia can lead to the following complications:
INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805
eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 06 (2025)
298
- Severe forms of tetany (laryngospasm, bronchospasm, cardiospasm)
- Apnea and respiratory arrest
- Increased sensitivity to environmental stimuli
- Developmental delay
Prevention
To prevent spasmophilia:
- Rickets prevention: supplementation with vitamin D (especially in winter and spring).
- Rational nutrition: breast milk and mixtures enriched with calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D.
- Dispensary monitoring: children predisposed to rickets should be regularly monitored.
- Educating mothers: teaching breastfeeding mothers about proper nutrition and vitamin intake.
Conclusion
Spasmophilia is a frequent condition in children that can lead to severe complications. Early
detection and appropriate preventive measures can prevent complications. Therefore, in pediatric
practice, it is important to implement methods that quickly and effectively identify changes
related to calcium metabolism.
References
1. Juraev Sh.M. "Children’s Diseases", Tashkent, 2022.
2. Musiyenko Yu.V. et al. "Pediatrics and Neonatology", Moscow, 2021.
3. WHO Guidelines on Nutrition in Early Childhood, Geneva, 2020.
4. Annual Reports of the Republican Pediatric Center, Tashkent, 2023.
