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DEVELOPMENT OF INSTRUMENTAL PERFORMANCE IN MUSICAL EDUCATION
Rukhshona Odilova
Student of Kokand State Pedagogical institute
Abstract:
The article deals with the importance of introducing the subject of instrumental
performance into secondary school education and the formation of students` performing skills.
Keywords:
instrumental performance, folk instruments, reconstruction, musical heritage,
musician instrumentalist.
INTRODUCTION
D. B. Kabalevsky attached great importance to the activity of children's instrumental music
performance. In particular, he noted: "If there is a piano in the classroom, it is advisable to include
four-hand playing (playing in an ensemble with a teacher) in the lessons ... Perhaps children who
have never touched the piano keys in their lives will participate in the performance of a more or
less full-fledged musical work, pressing only two notes given by the teacher with two fingers.
This arouses great interest in children, strengthens their passion for music and, of course, has a
positive effect on their musical development." But what if there is no piano in the classroom? And
even if there is one, there are difficulties in attracting children to this activity in the classroom -
after all, the teacher cannot transfer everyone to one instrument at the same time. And with the
undoubted advantages of resorting to this activity in the conditions of a school lesson, children
would simply have the opportunity to "touch" the keys. [:98]
LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY
You can also study playing on elementary musical instruments. If there are children's musical
instruments at school, you can use them in the lessons with the teacher in an ensemble (including
as a four-hand performance) - this is very desirable for us to sing along to the song, move to the
music, because playing these instruments also contributes to the musical development of children,
enriches their musical and performing experience, and introduces an element of play into the
lesson. But is this type of playing on children's instruments able to hold the attention of children
for a long time? Even playing on the famous elementary musical instruments created by K. Orff is
intended only for preschool children. Today, it has already become difficult to interest even
younger schoolchildren with the noise of circles, rattles, triangles and drums. A very conditional
result in terms of artistic quality can be achieved on the basis of a very difficult technique of
playing Orff instruments. At the same time, you cannot call them cheap. This reduces the
possibility of their distribution in a local school. [4:74] Many difficulties can be overcome by the
ingenuity of the music teacher. But still, the ingenuity of the teacher is not enough to solve the
problem of introducing all schoolchildren to the performance of instrumental music based on
improvised methods. Or, in addition to these instruments, could it have been possible to turn to
others in music lessons? After all, more than 50 years have passed since D. B. Kabalevsky created
the music program for secondary schools. Indeed, musical instruments are a means of singing the
spirituality of humanity in melodies, that is, a product of folk art, miraculous and expressive
instruments that have been formed among the masses for a long time, created by skilled masters
of music, and are constantly being perfected. The national pride, traditions, and values of
each nation are reflected in musical instruments, and the sound they emit is also adapted to this. In
the modern process, special attention is paid to factors such as a new look at the traditions of the
past, the appropriate use of advanced technology, and the upbringing of a complete person. After
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all, music is considered the most important factor in the upbringing of a complete person, that is,
as a factor that can serve as the basis for the spiritual and moral upbringing of people.
DISCUSSION AND RESULTS
This is undoubtedly the reason why attention is paid to this at all stages of the educational
process.[2:98] Starting from the 2022/2023 academic year, secondary schools will teach the skill
of playing at least one of the national musical instruments, and a corresponding note will be made
about this in their educational document (certificate).
In this regard, the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On additional
measures for the further development of the sphere of culture and art” was signed. According to
the Resolution, starting from the 2022/2023 academic year, one hour of instruction per week will
be assigned to music, and in addition, practical circles and optional lessons on playing national
musical instruments will be held every week. Also, it is mandatory for music teachers to have the
ability to play at least one of the national instruments, and from the 2023/2024 academic year, at
least three. Within the hours allocated for music, lessons on playing instruments will be organized
under the slogan "Instrument is a companion to my life." In order to meaningfully organize
students' extracurricular time, practical circles will be organized in the areas of playing national
musical instruments, fine and applied arts, and crafts (hereinafter - practical circles) according to
their interests. Specialists who have a professional education in music and a higher education
certificate and who can skillfully play at least 3 national musical instruments are allowed to be
employed full-time as music teachers and music club leaders in secondary educational institutions
on a part-time basis, while maintaining the conditions for payment for work there, during their
free time from their main place of work; In addition, training music teachers to play at least three
national musical instruments is carried out within the framework of the system of continuous
professional development of public education employees, in which representatives of the sphere
of culture and art are involved on a contractual basis to conduct training in retraining (advanced
training) courses. [1:98] The teacher must feel that he is working not only with a student learning
the art of playing a musical instrument, but also with a student in the literal sense. This is how we
should approach the work, modern science is deeply and comprehensively studying education and
development from a scientific perspective.is learning in a biased way. The process of education
and development is inextricably linked to each other. Development is carried out in the
educational process. The individual characteristics of students' mastery of certain knowledge and
skills, the degree of development of consciousness affect the educational process. Whoever has a
developed level of consciousness and intelligence, he can easily and quickly master various
knowledge and skills. Recognizing the interdependence of education and development does not
mean that development occurs by itself in the educational process. It does not deny the positive
impact of science education on development. Nevertheless, the result of development under the
influence of education is not always the same. Such results can differ significantly. Here the
question arises: what sources have the greatest impact on development during education? G.M.
We can find the answer in Sipin's book "Learning to Play the Piano" ("Obucheniye igre na
fortepiano"): "Here the content, form and methods of the educational process are of decisive
importance." The above idea also directly applies to the education of instrumental performance. It
is all about the connection between the mastering of the student's performance skills and his
general musical development. The science of instrumental performance is to teach students
theoretical and practical knowledge about the history of the origin of national instruments,
information about national composers, and the role of our national instruments in modern pop
performance in accordance with the requirements of modern educational standards. [2:76] The
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Uzbek classical musical heritage is rich in various instruments, and each of them is of particular
importance due to the long history, structural development and technical improvement. According
to the performance criteria, Uzbek folk instruments are divided into two groups. The first group
includes all traditional folk instruments. The second group includes instruments that have been
improved, that is, reconstructed, in connection with the cultural development of the 20th century.
The following are the musical instruments that are part of traditional folk instruments: tanbur,
dutor, sato, rubob, oud, nay, surnay, koshnay, karnay, gijjak, chang, qonon, doyra, nogora.
Examples of music processed according to the criteria of soprano, alto, tenor, bass voices. The
group of wind and percussion instruments consisting of a trumpet, trumpet, drum and doyra has
long been formed in performance practice and has become an active participant in all public
events of our people. Traditional instrumental ensembles are used based on their characteristics.
In order to have a wide range and large sound potential in performance, a large instrumental
ensemble is formed from the sum of all instruments. In the practice of instrumental music
performance and maqom performance, it has also become a tradition to perform in small groups.
For example: performing each instrument with doyra accompaniment; tanbur with dutar; tanbur,
dutar with doyra accompaniment; tanbur, dutor, gijjak accompanied by doyra, ud with doyra,
akon with doyra, etc. [3:132]
SUMMARY
At the present time, Uzbek music performance can be divided into three major directions. Folk
folklore music direction, folk classical music direction, and composer's musical creativity
direction. In the folk folklore direction, instruments that are popular and have suitable sound and
technical aspects are used more. For example: rubob, flute, gijjak, chang and doyra instruments. It
should be noted that the performance conditions and place in folk folklore music performance are
also unique. Therefore, it is required that the instruments be able to adapt quickly and be able to
perform in any conditions. [5] If every nation loves its national musical heritage, honors the
traditions of its ancestors, assimilates them properly, and appreciates them, it will be able to
appreciate the art of other nations. [7] After all, the musical traditions that have come down to us
are evidence of the strength of the chain of generations. In this regard, it is worth emphasizing that
the maqoms and classical musical works belonging to the maqom paths, which are the spiritual
wealth of our people, have preserved their artistic and aesthetic potential to a high level. Studying,
researching, and passing them on to future generations is one of the urgent issues of our time. It is
known that the musical culture of the Uzbek people is rich in national instruments, including the
tanbur, dutar, gijjak, nay, qoshnay, surnay, chang, qonun, ud, rubab, doira, and.The musical
instruments used in folk art include changqo`biz, sibiz`gi, safoil. The musical instruments that are
processed include rubob, gijjak, dutor, and chang Instruments such as the drum have found a
worthy place in the practice of skilled performers with their perfection. Because each instrument
has its own history of formation, performance capabilities, unique, attractive sound and fans. It is
the sacred duty of every coach to scientifically and theoretically study all their secrets and tricks
and convey them to the younger generation.
REFERENCES:
1. Resolution of the President of Uzbekistan, On additional measures for the further development
of the sphere of culture and art, 02 02 2022, No. PQ-112.
2. Kobilova, Ezozkhan Bakirovna. "Classical music and youth education." Asian Journal of
Research in Social Sciences and Humanities 12.9 (2022): 126-130.
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3 Qabilova, E. "FORMING A SENSE OF INTERNATIONALITY IN STUDENTS THROUGH
THE TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF AZERBAIJAN." International Bulletin of Applied Science
and Technology 3.10 (2023): 127-132.
4. Azizkhonova, M., and E. Kabilova. "IMPORTANCE OF MUSIC EDUCATION IN
FORMING YOUTH'S MUSICAL CULTURE AND SPIRITUALITY." Oriental Art and Culture
3.1 (2022): 51-57.
5. Kabilova, E. B. "FORMING A SENSE OF PATRIOTISM IN STUDENTS THROUGH THE
LIFE AND WORK OF COMPOSER DONI ZAKIROV." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF
SOCIAL SCIENCE & INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH ISSN: 2277-3630 Impact factor:
7.429 12.10 (2023): 68-74
6. KABILOVA, EZAZKHAN. "Forming A Sense Of Love For The Profession By Teaching
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