INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805
eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 02 (2025)
260
PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF FORMING STUDENTS' VOCATIONAL
ORIENTATION THROUGH THE WORK "NIGHTMARE"
Rakhmonkulov Sh .
Senior lecturer at JDPU
Abstract:
The article discusses the role of the East in the vocational guidance of students in
general education schools. The role of clarifying the significance of the works of scholars today ,
and the role of "Qobusnoma" in guiding students towards a career The psychological foundations
of formation are highlighted.
Keywords:
Profession, skill, ability, aptitude, questionnaire, test, technology, technological
process, creativity, career guidance, student, career types.
All the reforms being carried out in our country today are aimed at raising the younger generation
to be well-rounded, intellectually capable, and at increasing their interest in the profession and
helping them find a worthy profession. Today, the world of professions is increasingly expanding,
The rapid acceleration of scientific and technological progress has led to a lack of professional
skills among young students. turned the age-old issue of choice into a serious problem. Therefore,
Choosing a profession is not only a personal decision for an individual, but also a social one. It is
appropriate to interpret it at the level of the problem. Carried out in vocational colleges and higher
educational institutions.
The issue of choosing a profession is also given special attention in the Constitution of our state,
and Article 37 stipulates that “Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of profession, to fair
working conditions and to protection against unemployment in accordance with the procedure
established by law.” This also confirms our opinion.President of our state, I.A. Karimov, also paid
special attention
to the issue of factors influencing the choice of profession, reflecting as follows: “The way a child
grows up, chooses a profession, the path he will take in the future, and the moral and spiritual
foundations on which he will build his lifestyle are undoubtedly etermined by the toys he was
exposed to in childhood. Paid special attention to the issue of young people acquiring a profession.
In particular , "having a good profession is the greatest adornment of a person and brings great
benefits throughout his life. He achieves happiness, perfection, and gains honor and respect
thanks to his profession. Psychological problems of vocational training are discussed by YMA
Asadov, GTYadgarova, A. Zakirov, GS Nasriddinova, etc., the continuity of labor and vocational
education The problems were reflected in the studies of N. Muslimov and Sh. Sharipov.
Conducted research and analytical materials show that the factor of prestige of certain professions
and secondary
specialized and vocational educational institutions still plays a significant role in the choice of
professions of students and school graduates. The research was conducted by scientists from the
CIS, such as P.N. Andrianov, B.A. Gorsky, I.V. Korotova, and foreign scientists, such as S.R.
Berger, W. Grabe, J. Harmer, R. Berk, T. Doro and many others.
The fate and prosperity of the country are closely linked to the education and upbringing of
young people. Their comprehensive development
is the main factor ensuring the stability of the country's future. In today's era, when different
cultures and ideologies are struggling, the works of our Eastern scholars
INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805
eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 02 (2025)
261
and the life experience of older people are very useful for our children, who are just starting to
distinguish between black and white, who are stepping into independent life and are just
beginning to realize their identity and embark on their right path.
A large part of upbringing is taken from spiritual values, including
the admonitions and teachings of our ancestors. These admonitions and teachings
are reflected in the writings in the books left to us by them. Reading books of this nature is like
enjoying a conversation between virtuous scholars. In particular, Kaykovus's "Qobusnoma" can
be included among the books of this nature. In particular, it would not be an exaggeration to say
that "Qobusnoma" is a
close assistant to me, both in my pedagogical work and in raising my children
.
Unfortunately, many of our young people today are like this. They are unaware of the content of
the book, which is precisely why some young people blindly, knowingly, and unknowingly
succumbing to "popular culture" If we say that they are known when they follow, we are telling
the same truth.
Today, I believe that it is necessary for us, as educators, to inform our students about the
"Nightmare Book" and to expand the scope of the book's influence. The content of this book is
that King Kaykovus wants to educate his son, King Gilan, with his life experiences and
emphasizes these advices as the most valuable inheritance for his son.
Caicos Speaking of which , Kaykovus was born in 412 AH (1021-1022 AD). His escendants were
from the Gilan tribe, who lived in Tabaristan (now the Caspian Sea). (the area south of the
Mediterranean Sea). However, we do not have detailed information about Kaykovus. Kaykovus
created his great work "Qabusnama" based on what he saw and knew during his life . He
dedicated the book to his son Gilanshah. At thattime, Kaykovus was about sixty years old.
is written in the form of admonition, according to a tradition preserved in the East, especially in
Iran itself, and for several centuries has been an important guide
in preparing people, including young people, for life and practical activities, and
in educating them as fully developed people. However, the reason why the work is called
"Qabusnama" is that its connection to Qabus is not mentioned at all. The book was published
eight times in Iran. The most complete of these was the edition
published by the famous scholar Reza Qulikhan Hidayat in 1890-1891
. The work was later published in Bombay and Isfahan by Fathullah ibn Amulla Vali Urduni
Bakhtiyari. Kaykovus emphasizes the necessity of professions along with knowledge in the
development of society : "If a person does not have a profession, no matter how high his lineage
and origin, he will despair of the honor and respect of the people. Greatness is determined by
intelligence and knowledge, not by lineage. Your father and mother gave you a name, do not be
proud of it ... But you will have a name through your profession." That is why the work glorifies
people of various professions.
He recommends combining the study of professions with the acquisition of knowledge. He
views science in close connection with practice. These views of Kaykovus are considered to be
among the progressive views of that era. The work covers the activities of professionals in the
fields of astrology, land surveying , music, and medicine from a scientific perspective. In
particular, his views on medical science indicate that Kaykovus was a smart, wise, and well-
versed person .
In particular, his thoughts on representatives of various professions
INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805
eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 02 (2025)
262
are noteworthy for their great importance in applying them to practice. For example, in the
chapter "On the Writing and Secretarial Professions," he advises to master written speech well,
write beautifully, and practice. He emphasizes observing etiquette when writing letters, writing
each word pleasantly,
intelligibly, and briefly, being smart and sensitive.
The glory of calligraphy It is a craft , but never be deceitful or mean in this craft, recommends
keeping secrets and tells instructive stories in this regard.
His chapter on professions, "In the Commentary on the History of Agriculture and Market
Workers," is also noteworthy. Researchers have until now considered Kaykovus to be only a
symbol of the upper class. They interpreted it one-sidedly as an educationalist who was looking
out for his own interests. Actually In turn, Kaykovus encouraged representatives of the upper
class to acquire knowledge, crafts, and work. In particular, in the "Report on Agriculture and
Market Peshawar " In the chapter, he also emphasizes, first of all, the acquisition of the science of
farming, the cultivation of the land in this work. It emphasizes being quick and enthusiastic . It
also emphasizes learning other skills. It encourages us to have qualities such as being honest , not
betraying, and helping those in need. Advice to people in the market is especially interesting. For
example, he rightly emphasizes: "Be a marketer like the market people . Keep your weights and
scales accurate . Do not have two hearts and two wallets about your own money. Do not betray
your partners , do not cheat anyone you hire, and always do everything equally. If you are
wealthy , consider it a blessing to lend to the needy." These admonitions are equally necessary for
both the ruler and the ordinary citizen. In this way, Kaykovus instills in the youth a sense of hard
work and respect for the hardworking person, and explains that physical labor should be done as
well as mental labor.
In Shah Kaykovus's "Qabusnama", issues of upbringing and morality occupy a central place. The
book consists of 44 chapters. The author expresses a very important idea in the chapter "On
Respect for Parents", in which he uses a famous proverb of our people: "You reap what you sow."
According to him, if a person does good to people, respects the elderly, and is kind to the young,
his good deeds will be returned to him by others, and even if he is cruel or cruel, his actions will
definitely return to him. Kaykovus also advises his son in this chapter: "... if you want your child
to respect you, you should also respect your parents, because how you treat them will be returned
to you in the same way." He encourages his parents not to upset him, to respect him, and to be
polite with sweet words.
From the above, it is clear that great scholars and thinkers paid special attention to the socio-
economic, spiritual-moral, pedagogical-psychological aspects of vocational guidance, the role of
parents, school, and the independent choice of the life and work path of the younger generation in
choosing a profession. They oted the need to study the interests, inclinations, and abilities of a
child when directing him to a profession, and in this case, to take into account their consciousness,
consistency and heredity, age, and individual characteristics .
In conclusion , it should be noted that it is important to study the ideas of Eastern scholars on
choosing a profession and career guidance in their works, and to apply them to practical life. helps
the growing young generation to make a conscious career choice. This Training children in a
profession from a young age is one of the main tasks of society. is one.
serves to enrich their professional understanding, imagination, and knowledge .
When guiding the younger generation into a profession, it is essential to consider the child's
INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805
eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 02 (2025)
263
abilities and taking into account their interests, their future as a mature specialist in their
profession It helps it grow.
Thus, such examples indicate that our ancestors made a worthy contribution to the formation of
the theory of career choice. There is no doubt that the effective use of
the rich scientific heritage of our ancestors in the process of career guidance in secondary schools
will have a positive effect.
List of used literature .
1. I. A. Karimov “High spirituality is an invincible force” T.:157-B.
2. History of Pedagogy S. Nishonova 2011 .Tash.110-p.
3.K.HASHIMOV, S.NISHONOVA History of Pedagogy T-2005 112-B
4.Kaykovus “Nightmare”. “ Teacher ” NMIU. 2019. 37 pages.
5.Kalyuda SU Fundamentals of Production. Methodology of the Career Choice Course
T. Teacher 1989-39 pages
