Авторы

  • Ф. Рахманов
    Zarmed University of Samarkand
  • Х. Усманова
    Zarmed University of Samarkand
  • Г. Ходжаёрова
    Zarmed University of Samarkand

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71337/inlibrary.uz.imjrd.72219

Аннотация

Chitosan is in nature the widest widespread organic from compounds one was polysaccharide natural polymer. It is made release for raw material chitin, crustaceans​ epidermis structural polysaccharide, insect’s cuticles and fungal cell walls is. Current restrictions on the use of this component are explained by the insufficiently developed production base for drying whey, ensuring its quality stability and production capacity. The following main directions of processing and use of whey can be distinguished: use of whey in its natural form, processing and application in the form of condensed concentrates, separation of its important components (protein, lactose) using membrane methods, biological purification of whey, processing and use in the form of dry concentrates.


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EFFECT OF BIOADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS ON BROILER CHICKEN

Rakhmanov F. Kh.

Zarmed University of Samarkand, Uzbekistan.

farxod1313jon@gmail.com

Usmanova X.I.

Zarmed University of Samarkand, Uzbekistan.

hilolausmonova82@gmail.com

Xodjayorova G. R.

Zarmed University of Samarkand, Uzbekistan.

xodjayorova83@gmail.com

Abstract:

Chitosan is in nature the widest widespread organic from compounds one was

polysaccharide natural polymer. It is made release for raw material chitin, crustaceans​ epidermis

structural polysaccharide, insect’s cuticles and fungal cell walls is. Current restrictions on the use of

this component are explained by the insufficiently developed production base for drying whey,

ensuring its quality stability and production capacity. The following main directions of processing

and use of whey can be distinguished: use of whey in its natural form, processing and application in

the form of condensed concentrates, separation of its important components (protein, lactose) using

membrane methods, biological purification of whey, processing and use in the form of dry

concentrates.

Key words:

Chitosan, chitin, dry whey, sorption, sorbent, broiler, protein, whey.

Introduction.

The history of research on chitin and chitosan dates back about 200 years (chitin was

discovered in 1811, chitosan in 1859). Chitosan and preparations based on it are successfully used in

veterinary medicine to treat diseases of farm animals and poultry and to increase their productivity

[1].

Structurally homogeneous biocompatible and biodegradable composite materials were obtained

based on blends of high-strength chitosan with 8-block copolymers of D, L-lactide chitosan [2].

However, the metabolism and physiological status of broiler chicks fed with chitosan and whey

powder as part of the feed has not been studied much with modern breeding technologies. The

optimal doses for its addition to the feed at different stages of production have not been determined,

and therefore there is no clear understanding of how this affects physiological status, productivity,

product quality and economic efficiency.

The aim of the study

was to assess the adequacy of protein and energy nutrition to meet the

physiological needs of Cobb broiler chicks when fed chitosan and whey powder.

Literature analysis.

Some polysaccharides, including chitosan, are attractive for use in food due to

their properties. Chitosan, when introduced with food, is able to be enzymatically degraded and

assimilated in the form of low molecular weight compounds. Chitosan oligomers affect nonspecific

resistance factors that stimulate the immune system [3,4].

The role of biologically active substances of natural origin in increasing the efficiency of complete

feeding of broiler chicks is discussed in detail, and scientific development of methods for activating

the immune system and metabolic processes in industrial broiler chicks is proposed [5].
BS feed of the suffix broiler chicks liver to the state impact studied. BS feed addition in use in the

liver happened to be processes histological check and comparative check control and experimental

in chicks physiological, compensatory and pathological processes complex [6,7].


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To date, research is underway to find various feed additives that maintain the normal physiological

state of birds, prevent the development of diseases, accelerate growth without harming their health,

and increase their productivity by affecting the intensity of reproduction of genetic information [8].

Traditional feed additives for poultry from microalgae of the genus Chlorella and chitosan has been

considered. A balanced diet for farm animals can reduce their morbidity, increase their weight, and

increase milk production [9].

In nature 2 types of sorption available: adsorption and absorption. Adsorption - sorbent hard

particles the surface to tie ability, absorption - sorbent whole size according to absorbed of the

substance adsorption. Adsorbents mainly village animals and poultry in feeding is used [10].
Sorbin to the feature has the widest widespread feed additions aerosil, bentonite, tripoli, zeolite,

vermiculite, glauconite, diatomite and others mineral supplements such as [11].
Food sorbents various kind toxic substances quickly to tie ability has. Sorbents at different pH

values stable and feed in granulation is thermostable. Sorption to the feature has was many feed

additions vitamins, micronutrients and macronutrients does not bind [12].
Sorbent feed additions many from mycotoxins outside pathogen bacteria toxins, heavy metals ions

and radioactive compounds to tie to the feature has [13].
Chemical to nature according to feed sorbents one how many to groups to be possible, carbon based

on sorbents, natural and synthetic resins or to oils-based sorbents, silica based on sorbents, lignin,

chitin, pectins based natural sorbents and combined sorbents [14].
The issues of increasing the crude protein content and improving the amino acid composition of

biomass remain open and require further research. In addition, the study of the effect of such protein

on the physiological and productive parameters of broiler chickens is of scientific and practical

importance. The aim of the work is to develop a method for obtaining alternative feed protein with a

high crude protein content and improved amino acid composition [15,16].
The effects of methionine and whey powder on the storage parameters, average total weight,

distribution of broilers by category, and chemical composition of meat were studied. When

methionine was added to the basic diet, the survival rate of chicks and roosters increased by 0.3%,

the average weight of chicks after 30 days - by 10.03%, and roosters - by 6.25%, after 60 days

[17,18].
Studies have been conducted on the use of high-protein feed additives for growing broiler chicks

from secondary raw materials from "organic" processing industries, and optimal standards have

been determined, and their effect on the growth, development, and meat quality of poultry has been

studied [19.].
Currently, various ingredients are included in the diet as feed additives. Whey has been studied in

poultry diets and a skim milk powder enriched with microbial proteins and vitamins has been

obtained [20,21,22].
The possibility of using whey powder as part of a mixed feed for broiler chickens was studied. In

the experimental groups, 3.5 and 10% whey powder was introduced into the feed for chicks instead

of feed yeast and corn and wheat grains. Birds in the control group received a standard compound

feed enriched with microelements and vitamins based on current recommendations. The inclusion of

3 and 5% whey powder in the compound feed helps to increase the live weight of chicks and reduce

feed costs [23,24,25].


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Whey, due to its content of the indigestible disaccharide lactose (85% of dry matter), is not used in

sufficient quantities for feed, as a result of which most of it is dumped and pollutes the environment.

It is known that one cubic meter of whey, when released into water, contaminates 1000 m

3

of water.

In this regard, the development of simple and advanced methods for processing whey will allow

expanding the production of valuable feed [26,27,28,29].
Particular attention should be paid to the possibility of using whey in some formulas of whole milk

replacers, which allows saving equivalent amounts of skim and whole milk for food purposes and at

the same time obtaining a product with high nutritional value [30].
Whey, a by -product of cheese, cottage cheese, and casein production, is a valuable food raw

material, from which a complete nutritious dairy products and semi-finished products can be

obtained. All components of whey Full utilization allows the production of products for both direct

consumption and long-term storage. Separate use of components allows the extraction of milk fat,

protein complexes or their individual fractions, lactose, and mineral salts [31,32].

Conclusion.

1.

Premix, mycotoxins, heavy metals and bacteria metabolic products as a sorbent for and

gastrointestinal tract mucus floor surrounded to take tool as, their chick to the div entrance This

reduces the productivity to increase and of meat biological value to increase take is coming.

2.

Premix under the influence broiler of chick’s safety and productivity and his/her meat to the

quality the impact study according to taken information this shows that his the most acceptable dose

80 mg/ dose per day solution is to drink.

Reference.

1.

Duktov A., Krasochko P. Chitosan and broiler feed //Jivotnovodstvo Rossii. - 2018. - S. 15-

16.

2.

Silina N. E. Synthesis of block copolymers of chitosan and d,l-lactide under ultrasonic action,

composite and base of chitosan and poly(d,l-lactide), structure and properties //Dissertation of

application of the candidate of chemical sciences. Nizhny Novgorod. -2020. - S. 52-53.

3.

Ivanishcheva A. P., Sizova E. A., Nechitaylo K. S. Perevarimost pitatelnyx veshchestv pri

ispolzovanii v ratione cyplyat-broylerov organomineralnoy dobavki //Jivotnovodstvo i

kormoproizvodstvo. - 2021. - T. 104. - no. 4. – S. 22-31.

4.

Rakhmonov F. X., Eshimov​ D., Islamov X. I. “Chitosan and milk serum powder with fed

broiler of chicks​

physiological - biochemical indicators.” Khorezm​

Mamun academy

Newsletter No. 6, June 2023, pp. 162-166.

5.

Glaskovich M. A. i dr. Immunostimulant "Apistimulin-A" in the ratio of chicks and broilers

for obtaining ecologically safe products for poultry: recommendations for production. Gorky. - 2019.

- S. 51-52.

6.

Galiev D. M., Shatskikh E. V. Morfohistologicheskoe sostoyanie pecheni syplyat-broilerov

pri spolzovanii kormovoy dobavki BSh //Vestnik biotekhnologii. - 2019. - No. 2. - S. 2-2.

7.

Holbayevich R.F. et al. Explanation on the physiological and biochemical indicators of

broiler chicks fed with chitosan and whey powder //Academia Repository. - 2024. - T. 5. – no. 2. - S.

184-187.

8.

Lutkovskaya Ya. V., Sizova E. A. Obzor deystviya kormovykh dobavok na ekspressiyu

genov khozyaystvenno poleznykh priznakov tsyplyat-broylerov //Otvetstvennyy redaktor–.

Syktyvkar. - 2021. - S. 71-72.


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6

9.

Sirvidis V., Kepaleps I., Gudavichyute D. Vliyanie yodirovannoy vody doitogennyx

preparatov na rost i razvitie broylerov // Konferentsia po ptitsevodstvu. - Zelenograd, 2003. - S. 116-

118.

10.

Hernander, L.A. Postprandial hemodynamics in the conscious rat. L.A. Hernander, P.R.

Quietys, D.N. Grander // Amer. J. Physiol. 1986. - Vol. 251, No. 1. - P. 117-123.

11.

Gradusov Yu.N. Usvoyaemost amino acid / Yu.N. Gradusov. - M.: Colossus. - 1979. - 400 p.

12.

Gulyushin, S.Yu. "Nutoks Fito Plus" - prevention of chronic mycotoxicosis and stimulation

of the function of the oven and tsyplyat-broylerov / S.Yu. Gulyushin, V. Slaugalvis, D.E.

Golovachev // Tsenovik. – 2010. – No. 5. – S. 51-53.

13.

Dyakov, I.P. Primenenie novykh sorbentov-plastifikatorov pri proizvodstve carbamidenogo

concentrate // I.P. Dyakov, S.P. Lyubimov, V.A. Perelygin // Jivotnovodstvo. – 1980. – No. 1. – S.

31–33.

14.

Zolnin, A.V. Question about toxicity of elements / A.V. Zolnin // Tezisy dokladov

Vserossiyskoy konferentsii "Ekologicheskie problemy selskogo hozyaystva i proizvodstva

kachestvennoy produktsii". - Moscow - Chelyabinsk. - 1999. - S. 71-72.

15.

Larionova O. S., Sarycheva A. S. Ispolzovanie alternativnogo kormovogo belka iz lichinok

musca domestica v ptitsevodstve //Kormlenie selskohozyaystvennyx jivotnyx i kormoproizvodstvo.

- 2020. - No. 4. – S. 3-14.

16.

Farkhod Rakhmonov, Dusmurat Eshimov, Khurshid Islamov, Gulchehr Ubaydullaeva, Barno

Hayitova. The effect of chitosan and whey powder on the weight of broiler chickens. BIO Web of

Conferences, 2024. EDP Sciences. 95. 01025 p.

17.

Orlov M. M. i dr. Influence of amino acids methionine and dry milk serum on zootechnical

indicators of broilers //Izvestiya Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. – 2021. –

no. 5 (91). - S. 250-254.

18.

R.F. Holbayevich, E. Dusmurod, I.K. Iskanderovich, U.G. Bakhriddinobna, ... Explanation

on the physiological and biochemical indicators of broiler chicks fed with chitosan and whey

powder. Academia Repository 5 (2), 184-187.

19.

Nechaev S. A. Effektivnost primeneniya vysokobelkovykh kormovykh dobavok iz

vtorichnogo srya pererabatyvayushchikh otrasley APK (gluten, "Organic") pri vyrashchivanii

tsyplyat-broylerov // Dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoy stepi candidate selskohozyaystvennyx nauk.

Stavropol. -2020. - S. 56-57.

20.

Bulchuk E. Molochnaya syvorotka dlya muchnyx conditerskikh izdeliy /E. Bulchuk, V.

Astashina, 3. Skobelskaya // Khlebprodukty, 2006. - No. 5. S. 60-62.

21.

Lyons J.J., Vandepopuhere J.M. Substitution of soybean meal crude protein by crude protein

from distillers dried grains soluble in laying hen diets / J.J. Lyons, J.M. Vandepopuhere // Poultry Sc.

1993. - Vol. 72, Suppl. 1. - P. 126.

22.

Rakhmonov F. Kh. Influence of Chitosan and Serum on the State of Broiler Chickens.

Eurasian Research Bulletin. 5/6/2023. 20. 23-27 p.

23.

Aleksandrov V.A. Ispolzovanie sukhoy molochnoy sivorotki v kombikormax dlya chicken-

broilerov. /V.A. Alexandrov, O.A. Taufik, S.M. Hamadi and dr.//Biologicheskie osnovy i

tekhnologicheskie metody intensifikatsii ptitsevodstva. M., 1989. - S. 34 - 39.

24.

Feltnell R. Prakticheskoe kormlenie ptitsy / R. Fentnell, S. Fox. M.: Kolos, 1983.-271 p.

25.

Filippovich E.G. Netraditsionnye korma v rationakh selskohozyaystvennyx jivotnyx / E.G.

Filippovich. M.: Kolos, 1984. -271 p.

26.

Tmenov I.D. Effektivnost ispolzovaniya molochnokisloy pasty v rationakh kur-nesushek // D.

Tmenov, B.S. Kaloev, A. Dorieva // Sovr.vopr.intensifikatsii kormleniya, soderjaniya jivotnyx i

uluchshenia kachestva produktov jivotnovodstva. M., 1999. - S. 88 - 89.


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7

27.

Fisinin V. Mirovoy i otechestvennyi opyt povyshenia konkurentnoy obsnosti ptitsevodstva /

V. Fisinin // Material nauch. -practice.conf. "Nauka ptitsevodstvu Ivanovskoi oblasti" May 24, 2001.

Ivanovo. - Sergiev Posad - Ivanovo, 2002. - S. 8 - 20.

28.

OST 10 213-97. Syvorotka molochnaya. Technical conditions. S0107.1998. -VNIIMS.

29.

Andres S. Protein functionality expertise plus from blending protein sources results in new

ingredients / C. Andres // Good process. 2000. - 41. -N 12. -P/- 40 -43.

30.

Schiller G.G. O vibore perspective putey pererabotki molochnoy sivorotki / G.G. Schiller //

Dostigeniya v oblasti tekhnologii i tekniki pererabotki molochnoy sivorotki. Uglich: 1993. - S. 3 - 9.

31.

Kijapkin, S.I. Vliyanie elementoorganicheskogo soedineniya "Krezooferan" na obmen

veshchestv i produktivnogo remontnogo molodnyaka kurnesushek / Kijapkin S.I.//: avtoref. diss. ...

candidate s.-x. date: 06.02.08. - Saransk. - 2011. - 22 p.

32.

Pshatsieva, Z.V. Kormovye dobavki v rationakh porosyat-ot'emyshey / Z.V. Pshatsieva, V.R.

Kairov, N.A. Yurina // Izvestiya Gorskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. - Vladikavkaz.

- 2014. - T. 51. - No. 4. - S. 139-142.

Библиографические ссылки

Duktov A., Krasochko P. Chitosan and broiler feed //Jivotnovodstvo Rossii. - 2018. - S. 15-16.

Silina N. E. Synthesis of block copolymers of chitosan and d,l-lactide under ultrasonic action, composite and base of chitosan and poly(d,l-lactide), structure and properties //Dissertation of application of the candidate of chemical sciences. Nizhny Novgorod. -2020. - S. 52-53.

Ivanishcheva A. P., Sizova E. A., Nechitaylo K. S. Perevarimost pitatelnyx veshchestv pri ispolzovanii v ratione cyplyat-broylerov organomineralnoy dobavki //Jivotnovodstvo i kormoproizvodstvo. - 2021. - T. 104. - no. 4. – S. 22-31.

Rakhmonov F. X., Eshimov​ D., Islamov X. I. “Chitosan and milk serum powder with fed broiler of chicks​ physiological - biochemical indicators.” Khorezm​ Mamun academy Newsletter No. 6, June 2023, pp. 162-166.

Glaskovich M. A. i dr. Immunostimulant "Apistimulin-A" in the ratio of chicks and broilers for obtaining ecologically safe products for poultry: recommendations for production. Gorky. - 2019. - S. 51-52.

Galiev D. M., Shatskikh E. V. Morfohistologicheskoe sostoyanie pecheni syplyat-broilerov pri spolzovanii kormovoy dobavki BSh //Vestnik biotekhnologii. - 2019. - No. 2. - S. 2-2.

Holbayevich R.F. et al. Explanation on the physiological and biochemical indicators of broiler chicks fed with chitosan and whey powder //Academia Repository. - 2024. - T. 5. – no. 2. - S. 184-187.

Lutkovskaya Ya. V., Sizova E. A. Obzor deystviya kormovykh dobavok na ekspressiyu genov khozyaystvenno poleznykh priznakov tsyplyat-broylerov //Otvetstvennyy redaktor–. Syktyvkar. - 2021. - S. 71-72.

Sirvidis V., Kepaleps I., Gudavichyute D. Vliyanie yodirovannoy vody doitogennyx preparatov na rost i razvitie broylerov // Konferentsia po ptitsevodstvu. - Zelenograd, 2003. - S. 116-118.

Hernander, L.A. Postprandial hemodynamics in the conscious rat. L.A. Hernander, P.R. Quietys, D.N. Grander // Amer. J. Physiol. 1986. - Vol. 251, No. 1. - P. 117-123.

Gradusov Yu.N. Usvoyaemost amino acid / Yu.N. Gradusov. - M.: Colossus. - 1979. - 400 p.

Gulyushin, S.Yu. "Nutoks Fito Plus" - prevention of chronic mycotoxicosis and stimulation of the function of the oven and tsyplyat-broylerov / S.Yu. Gulyushin, V. Slaugalvis, D.E. Golovachev // Tsenovik. – 2010. – No. 5. – S. 51-53.

Dyakov, I.P. Primenenie novykh sorbentov-plastifikatorov pri proizvodstve carbamidenogo concentrate // I.P. Dyakov, S.P. Lyubimov, V.A. Perelygin // Jivotnovodstvo. – 1980. – No. 1. – S. 31–33.

Zolnin, A.V. Question about toxicity of elements / A.V. Zolnin // Tezisy dokladov Vserossiyskoy konferentsii "Ekologicheskie problemy selskogo hozyaystva i proizvodstva kachestvennoy produktsii". - Moscow - Chelyabinsk. - 1999. - S. 71-72.

Larionova O. S., Sarycheva A. S. Ispolzovanie alternativnogo kormovogo belka iz lichinok musca domestica v ptitsevodstve //Kormlenie selskohozyaystvennyx jivotnyx i kormoproizvodstvo. - 2020. - No. 4. – S. 3-14.

Farkhod Rakhmonov, Dusmurat Eshimov, Khurshid Islamov, Gulchehr Ubaydullaeva, Barno Hayitova. The effect of chitosan and whey powder on the weight of broiler chickens. BIO Web of Conferences, 2024. EDP Sciences. 95. 01025 p.

Orlov M. M. i dr. Influence of amino acids methionine and dry milk serum on zootechnical indicators of broilers //Izvestiya Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. – 2021. – no. 5 (91). - S. 250-254.

R.F. Holbayevich, E. Dusmurod, I.K. Iskanderovich, U.G. Bakhriddinobna, ... Explanation on the physiological and biochemical indicators of broiler chicks fed with chitosan and whey powder. Academia Repository 5 (2), 184-187.

Nechaev S. A. Effektivnost primeneniya vysokobelkovykh kormovykh dobavok iz vtorichnogo srya pererabatyvayushchikh otrasley APK (gluten, "Organic") pri vyrashchivanii tsyplyat-broylerov // Dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoy stepi candidate selskohozyaystvennyx nauk. Stavropol. -2020. - S. 56-57.

Bulchuk E. Molochnaya syvorotka dlya muchnyx conditerskikh izdeliy /E. Bulchuk, V. Astashina, 3. Skobelskaya // Khlebprodukty, 2006. - No. 5. S. 60-62.

Lyons J.J., Vandepopuhere J.M. Substitution of soybean meal crude protein by crude protein from distillers dried grains soluble in laying hen diets / J.J. Lyons, J.M. Vandepopuhere // Poultry Sc. 1993. - Vol. 72, Suppl. 1. - P. 126.

Rakhmonov F. Kh. Influence of Chitosan and Serum on the State of Broiler Chickens. Eurasian Research Bulletin. 5/6/2023. 20. 23-27 p.

Aleksandrov V.A. Ispolzovanie sukhoy molochnoy sivorotki v kombikormax dlya chicken-broilerov. /V.A. Alexandrov, O.A. Taufik, S.M. Hamadi and dr.//Biologicheskie osnovy i tekhnologicheskie metody intensifikatsii ptitsevodstva. M., 1989. - S. 34 - 39.

Feltnell R. Prakticheskoe kormlenie ptitsy / R. Fentnell, S. Fox. M.: Kolos, 1983.-271 p.

Filippovich E.G. Netraditsionnye korma v rationakh selskohozyaystvennyx jivotnyx / E.G. Filippovich. M.: Kolos, 1984. -271 p.

Tmenov I.D. Effektivnost ispolzovaniya molochnokisloy pasty v rationakh kur-nesushek // D. Tmenov, B.S. Kaloev, A. Dorieva // Sovr.vopr.intensifikatsii kormleniya, soderjaniya jivotnyx i uluchshenia kachestva produktov jivotnovodstva. M., 1999. - S. 88 - 89.

Fisinin V. Mirovoy i otechestvennyi opyt povyshenia konkurentnoy obsnosti ptitsevodstva / V. Fisinin // Material nauch. -practice.conf. "Nauka ptitsevodstvu Ivanovskoi oblasti" May 24, 2001. Ivanovo. - Sergiev Posad - Ivanovo, 2002. - S. 8 - 20.

OST 10 213-97. Syvorotka molochnaya. Technical conditions. S0107.1998. -VNIIMS.

Andres S. Protein functionality expertise plus from blending protein sources results in new ingredients / C. Andres // Good process. 2000. - 41. -N 12. -P/- 40 -43.

Schiller G.G. O vibore perspective putey pererabotki molochnoy sivorotki / G.G. Schiller // Dostigeniya v oblasti tekhnologii i tekniki pererabotki molochnoy sivorotki. Uglich: 1993. - S. 3 - 9.

Kijapkin, S.I. Vliyanie elementoorganicheskogo soedineniya "Krezooferan" na obmen veshchestv i produktivnogo remontnogo molodnyaka kurnesushek / Kijapkin S.I.//: avtoref. diss. ... candidate s.-x. date: 06.02.08. - Saransk. - 2011. - 22 p.

Pshatsieva, Z.V. Kormovye dobavki v rationakh porosyat-ot'emyshey / Z.V. Pshatsieva, V.R. Kairov, N.A. Yurina // Izvestiya Gorskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. - Vladikavkaz. - 2014. - T. 51. - No. 4. - S. 139-142.