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TYPES OF ASSIMILATION OF FRENCH WORDS IN ENGLISH
Safarova Xurshida Salimovna
Doctor of Philosophy in Philological Sciences, Associate Professor of
Foreign languages department
Bukhara State University
ABSTRACT:
In modern linguistics and international relations, knowledge of words of French
origin facilitates practical communication. Knowledge of borrowed words increases the lexical
richness of the language and helps to understand their origin, meaning, and scope of use. Borrowed
words reflect the connections between the cultures of the two peoples. Studying them increases
knowledge about historical, cultural, and linguistic relations. French words are widely used in
scientific terminology. Studying them facilitates the acquisition of knowledge in scientific and
technical fields. By studying borrowed words, one can observe the development process of the
Uzbek language and understand the mechanism of adopting new words.
Keywords:
Lexicon, advance, address, album, questionnaire, ensemble, poster, ammeter, assembly.
INTRODUCTION
French is one of the languages that has made a great contribution to world culture, art and
diplomacy. Throughout historical processes, lexicon is the most dynamic and rapidly moving layer
of any language. The vocabulary of the language is constantly enriched with new words and is
updated. Today, the Uzbek language, like other languages, is experiencing a process of active
adoption of new words on a global scale. The emergence of new words is directly related to the
spiritual growth of the people, changes in their cultural, political and economic life. These words,
reflecting the changes taking place in the life of the people, enter the local language without any
obstacles and bring about constant updates in the lexical structure of the language.
Although the lexical composition of the language consists of a set of stable elements, it is constantly
enriched with new concepts and lexical units. In particular, the registration of new words that have
entered the Uzbek language in dictionaries and their establishment in the language is an important
stage of this process. The fact that explanatory dictionaries of the Uzbek language are replenished
with new words every year also clearly demonstrates the process of enrichment of the language.
Within the framework of this study, we intend to examine the specific features of words that have
entered our language from French through the explanatory dictionary of the Uzbek language, and to
study how they have settled in our language. In addition, we seek to further reveal their place in our
language by determining the essence, semantic composition and cultural significance of words
actively used in everyday life.
Loanwords play an important role in the development of each language. In the history of the
language, through loanwords, the national language adapts to cultural, economic and scientific
development. Words borrowed from French also occupy a special place in the Uzbek language, and
they emerged as a result of intercultural contacts. This article analyzes the semantic, morphological
and pragmatic features of words borrowed from French based on the requirements of IMRAD.
LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY
The following methods were used in the study:
INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
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eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 03 (2025)
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1. Corpus analysis: The modern use of words borrowed from French in the Uzbek language was
observed.
2. Lexicographic analysis: Loanwords were identified based on Uzbek dictionaries and French-
Uzbek phrasebooks.
3. Questionnaire: A questionnaire on loanwords was conducted among native Uzbek speakers of
different ages.
Through these methods, the origin, areas of application and changes in meaning of words borrowed
from the French language were studied.
Results
The results of the study showed that words borrowed from the French language are mainly found in
the following areas:
1. Culture and art:
"Ballet" (ballet), "director" (réalisateur), "artist" (artiste).
2. Fashion and clothing:
"Costume" (costume), "parure", "accessoire".
3. Science and technology:
"Mathematics" (mathématique), "physics" (physique), "computer" (ordinateur).
4. Socio-political terms:
"President" (président), "minister" (ministre), "parliament" (parlement).
Semantic changes: Many words are used in the Uzbek language while retaining their original
meaning, but some have been enriched with new meanings.
Morphological changes: Words have adapted to the grammatical system of the Uzbek language. For
example, the plural suffix of the word "directors" has been used.
Pragmatic features: In modern Uzbek, colloquial words are used more by young people, especially
in social networks and the media.
DISCUSSION
Words borrowed from French have found their place in the Uzbek language as a result of cultural
and economic ties. As the study found, these words serve the development of the Uzbek language
and its integration with other languages. Especially in the field of art, fashion and technology, the
role of these words is great. However, in some places, excessive use of borrowed words can
negatively affect the original richness of the language. In particular, in the current process of
modern language development, words borrowed from French are gaining special importance. These
words enrich the vocabulary of the Uzbek language, giving it new meanings and stylistic nuances.
Not only the adaptation of borrowed words to the Uzbek language is noteworthy, but also their use
in various scientific, cultural and everyday communication. Therefore, the research of linguists and
lexicographers in this area is of urgent importance not only from a linguistic, but also from a cultural
and spiritual perspective. Today, words borrowed from French not only enrich the Uzbek language,
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RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
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eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 03 (2025)
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but also serve to further strengthen international relations. This demonstrates the openness,
development potential and ability of our language to embrace different cultures.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, it is worth noting that language is a living organism that reflects the life, culture and
spirituality of society. It is constantly in the process of development and change, and each new era
enriches the wealth of the language with new terms, words and expressions. Dictionaries, as an
important mirror of this development, are not only a means of connecting society with the world, but
also a source of strengthening mutual understanding. The vocabulary and vocabulary of a people
reflect its lifestyle, thinking and cultural identity. Therefore, explanatory dictionaries in all
languages not only explain the meaning of words, but also testify to the historical, cultural and
social development of society. These dictionaries have become of constant importance over time as
an echo of the life of society.
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