ISCHEMIC DISEASES: MECHANISMS AND STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

Ischemic diseases refer to conditions in which there is a reduction in blood supply to tissues, leading to oxygen and nutrient deprivation. These diseases are commonly associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems, manifesting as myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. The pathophysiological mechanisms of ischemia include vasoconstriction, thrombosis, embolism, and atherosclerosis. Ischemic events lead to cellular damage, inflammation, and, in severe cases, irreversible tissue necrosis. Understanding the stages and mechanisms of ischemic diseases is crucial for early diagnosis and effective treatment strategies.