Авторы

  • Мехринисо Муминова
    Bukhara State University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71337/inlibrary.uz.imjrd.75462

Аннотация

The article theoretically presents the ideas on the importance of moral and educational issues in the works of Abu Ali ibn Sina for today. It analyzes the importance of educational work aimed at forming a new spiritual space and a new worldview based on the ideas of self-awareness and tolerance in the works of Ibn Sina, and educating in a spirit of respect for the religion and philosophy of Islam.


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INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805

eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 03 (2025)

183

THE PROBLEM OF SPIRITUAL MATURITY OF MAN IN THE WORKS AND

TREATISES OF ABU ALI IBN SINO

Muminova Mehriniso Habibjon kizi

Researcher at Bukhara State University

Annotation:

The article theoretically presents the ideas on the importance of moral and educational

issues in the works of Abu Ali ibn Sina for today. It analyzes the importance of educational work

aimed at forming a new spiritual space and a new worldview based on the ideas of self-awareness

and tolerance in the works of Ibn Sina, and educating in a spirit of respect for the religion and

philosophy of Islam.

Keywords:

morality, values, spirituality, education, science, tolerance, humanity, upbringing.

Introduction.

In the processes of building society in Uzbekistan, the development of our spiritual

values has its own importance in the strategic goal of building a civil society. Achieving the

harmony of the spirituality of a free individual, modern democratic ideas and national-spiritual

values is also supported by the literary and scientific heritage of Forabi, Yusuf Khos Hajib, Ibn Sina,

Jami, Navoi about a virtuous society. One of the main tasks is to provide a more advanced education

to the harmonious generation of Uzbekistan and to introduce the creative paths of our great thinkers

and scientists in the process of educating them, and to educate young people in the spirit of

patriotism for our more independent Uzbekistan.

One of our ancestors who made the name of Bukhara famous throughout the world was Abu Ali al-

Husayn ibn Abdullah ibn al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Sino (980-1037), who was born in the Afshana

village of ancient Bukhara, known to the West as Avicenna. In Eastern sources, the scientist is often

honored with the title of “Sheikh” or “Sheikh ar-Rais”. This name, which means the leader of wise

men and scholars, and expresses the love and affection of the people, is a sign of the respect of the

East and the West for the scientist. The work that brought Ibn Sino worldwide fame is the five-book

“Al-Qanun fi-t-tib”. “Qanun” is not only the culmination of the knowledge and personal experience

of medicine created in the East, Greece and Rome before Ibn Sino, but also a work that raised this

science to an amazingly high level in its time. This work was translated from Arabic into Latin in

the 12th century. Later, the scientist's "Urjuza" on medicine was translated into French, English,

German and Romanian in the 16th-17th centuries. The largest of the scientist's philosophical works

is "Kitab ash-Shifo", which includes sections on logic, physics, mathematics and metaphysics.

Most of Ibn Sina's philosophical works serve to educate a person spiritually and morally, so that he

can develop his perfection. In particular, the thinker's philosophical work "Risala fi ilmi akhloq"

talks about the need for friendship, kindness, loyalty between people, and exposes negative qualities

such as passion, hypocrisy, deceit, and cunning. He called on the people to be just. Ibn Sina calls on

people to approach people not with violence, but through compromise, and his views on etiquette

and moral education stem from his long-standing humanitarianism and deep love for all humanity.

The thinker emphasizes that it is the highest honor for a person to be knowledgeable and moral.

Knowledge is the ability to read, write, and learn all the necessary things. Knowledge is the honor of

the world. It is a high and sacred virtue that helps a person to understand himself and always leads

him on the right path. Because knowledge explains to people their past, present, and future prospects,

and determines the right path for development. All virtues have glorified knowledge, and they

themselves sought to enjoy its benefits. The life paths of the great scholars of Turan are a clear proof

of this idea. They did not easily reach the peak of knowledge. Only those who climbed the solid

rocks of science without fear of hardship can conquer its luminous peaks. Science sharpens a

person's mind and shapes his worldview. A person without science is like a fruitless tree, an empty


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sack. Science, like the fruit of a tree, nourishes every person, increases his interest in life and forms

a spirit of gratitude for each passing day. Science is the guiding star that shows the right path to

solving the problems of human society.

Speaking about the moral culture in humans along with knowledge, Ibn Sina emphasized that

morality is the doctrine of people's self-control, the result of a person's observation of himself and

his evaluation of the behavior, manners, and conduct of others.

Their virtues are simultaneously components of the virtue of justice. Each virtue, in turn, is related

to it.

Science - enlightenment, virtue. Knowledge is a sign of the purity of society. Where there is

knowledge, there is religion. If knowledge weakens, ignorance and stupidity increase. In a country

without knowledge, sedition increases, good deeds are not done, murders increase, without

knowledge, parents do what they know, and children do what they see.

Every nation and society must have its own moral norms. Morality determines the norms of

behavior between people in society. It includes moral consciousness and moral attitude. It is a

product of social relations and is determined by the social existence and material living conditions

of people. The content of morality is determined by social and economic determines relationships.

The moral norms formed between people change based on economic, ideological, socio-political

changes in society. People's ideas about justice, good and evil, conscience, duty, and homeland also

change. For example: In a society where there is no theft, there will be no advice such as "Do not

steal". Along with the specific aspects of each morality, there will also be universal aspects. The

spiritual basis for the formation of universal moral qualities in Muslim peoples is the religion of

Islam. Like other human qualities, morality is of great importance in the religion of Islam. In Islamic

teachings, moral concepts occupy a central place in the system of human qualities. Thanks to

independence, today, wide opportunities have opened up for the use of the Quran and Hadiths and

our historical heritage in the education of wide sections of the population, especially young people.

The most important means of moral education is to have a one-on-one conversation and give advice

to the child without touching his ego or pride. Ibn Sina considers the formation of moral qualities in

a child in conjunction with work, physical, and mental education to be the main factor in perfecting

him as a person.

In Abu Ali ibn Sina's philosophical stories such as "Hayy ibn Yaqzan" and "Risalat at-Tayr",

figurative heroes are at the center of the storyline; in "Solomon and Ibsal", we witness the depiction

of people and their everyday worries and concerns. In the philosophical story, issues related to

moral purity, the high human loyalty of a brother to his brother, and the protection of his family

honor even at the cost of his life find concise artistic expression. According to the story, Salomon

was a brother and had a younger brother named Ibsal, who was born to the same parents. Salomon

raised his brother as his own child and gave him a good education. Ibsal was given excellent lessons

in all the subjects available in his time. To do this, Salomon, in addition to creating favorable

conditions for him, attracts the most experienced and knowledgeable teachers in the country to such

a responsible task. Thus, in Ibsol, a comfortable balance of the external and the internal, he seeks

new ways to realize his evil intentions throughout the work, inventing tricks that are difficult to

imagine.

The philosophical story, the “romantic adventures” of Yanga and her brother-in-law are becoming

increasingly intense. Yanga, who intends to trap Ibsol, uses various methods and means. The devil’s

curse drives the woman, who is “burning in the fire of love” into a frenzy, not day by day, but hour

by hour. Her “love” for Ibsol knows no bounds and grows, and she suffers many hardships along the

way. But Yanga is also convinced by her brother-in-law ’s For a poet, he keeps himself very

restrained and does not let his tongue run wild. He uses the jewels in his possession to deceive Ibsol

by scattering them, planning to subjugate him in this way.


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Professor Muhammadjon Boltayev, a scientist who devoted his life to studying the philosophical

world of Abu Ali ibn Sino, a Distinguished Scientist in Uzbekistan, Doctor of Philosophy, writes:

"Man embodies the qualities and characteristics of plant and animal souls. These long-standing

spiritual, intellectual, and intellectual characteristics and qualities are different from each other, in

various ways".

The same emphasis of the clever scientist is even more clearly manifested in the example of the fate

of the heroes of the philosophical story "Solomon and Ibsol", and they are divided into two

categories according to the aspects highlighted above. To the new group It is impossible to say such

a thing about the servants of the clan. Because animalistic and sensual signs are high in their

behavior, level of thinking and daily activities. Otherwise, Yana, who took the baby Ibsol to her

arms and made a worthy contribution to his upbringing, would not have taken such an unworthy and

selfish path. That is, she would not have expressed her love for Ibsol, who was as close to her as a

child, and subjected her to such mental suffering. Such sharp discussions and debates are repeated

several times throughout the philosophical story. We think that reading these panels will create a

two-pronged impression on the reader: The first of them, undoubtedly, concerns Yana. This woman,

who is firm in her decision, first of all seeks to persuade Ibsol to her selfless intention. But all his

efforts are in vain, and when he has completely lost hope in Ibsol, he decides to take revenge on this

"stubborn young man" and punish him mercilessly. The same negative traits in the female form ,

undoubtedly, not only arouse a feeling of hatred towards her in any person, but also encourage them

to be wary of such inhuman behavior. Moreover, Ibn Sina 's potential as a writer, with a negative

verb, It clearly demonstrates his skill in painting the spiritual world of people. Ibsol's courageous

efforts in these paintings are a lesson for the reader. The main purpose of Ibn Sina in writing the

story "Salomon and Ibsol" is to glorify and promote the noble human qualities in Ibsol's character,

and to show the courage of a determined young man on the path to perfection as an example. Ibn

Sina 's high human aspirations, universal ideological intention, noble moral-spiritual, literary-

aesthetic views firmly prevent such inhuman actions. To be more precise, the dream of a perfect

person, which took precedence in Ibn Sina's worldview, does not allow such an undesirable action.

Abu Ali ibn Sina considered the acquisition of knowledge to be the first criterion for achieving

perfection and called for the acquisition of knowledge. Noting the need to educate children in school,

he emphasizes the need to adhere to the following principles in education:

When educating children, do not immediately focus on books;

imparting knowledge by going from easy to difficult in education;

the exercises performed should be appropriate for the age of the children;

focus on teaching in school as a team;

taking into account the preferences, interests and abilities of children when imparting knowledge;

combining training with physical exercise.

Ibn Sina teaches that the social environment surrounding a person plays a special role in the

formation of a person, that this environment affects not only a person's knowledge of the world

around him, but also the formation of good or bad aspects in his character, therefore, it is necessary

to be careful in raising children, to keep them away from a bad social environment. Ibn Sina proves

both theoretically and practically the important role of physical education in human development,

along with mental and moral education. He emphasizes the need to take care of the child even

before he is born, to start education from infancy.

In Ibn Sina's educational views, a person's intellectual, moral, aesthetic, and physical development

are interpreted as the main criteria for their maturity.

Today's educator must have the ability to change public opinion towards current educational

priorities based on their knowledge and skills.


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In conclusion, it should be noted that the idea of living in peace, prosperity, calling people to

harmony, unity and stability has not lost its universal significance for centuries. Preserving the

spiritual heritage of our great ancestors, following their ideals of goodness, and educating the

growing younger generations in the spirit of respect for our values are among the main issues facing

all of us today. In the spiritual and moral improvement of young people, we can achieve a deep

study of our history, pride in it, and respect for our spiritual and moral values by educating them on

the basis of national and religious principles that are the roots of our spiritual heritage, forming and

developing a scientific worldview, spiritual and moral feelings in young people.

That is, in the era of increasing information and educational environment, high scientific and

technological development, globalization, and increasing environmental problems, the main task is

to teach students to function independently, to use information flows rationally, to be aware of the

science of logic that our ancestors practiced, and to increase philosophical thinking. For this, it is

necessary to create opportunities and conditions for students to work independently. Based on this,

the task of professors and teachers in the field of education is not only to impart knowledge, but also

to prepare students for independent research, work and thinking, analysis, comparison, and rapid

renewal and replenishment of knowledge throughout their lives. In solving these urgent tasks, the

spiritual and educational thinking of the great scholar and scientist Abu Ali ibn Sina and the rich

scientific and cultural heritage he left behind serve as a basis for educators and students.

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SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805

eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 03 (2025)

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Мирзиёев Ш. Эркин ва фаровон, демократик Ўзбекистон давлатини биргаликда барпо этамиз. “Ўзбекистон”, Т.,2016.,14 б. 1167

Zunnunov A.va boshqalar. Pedagogika tarixi / –T.: Sharq, 2000.

Ibragimov X.I., Abdullaeva Sh.A. Pedagogika / O‘quv qo‘llanma. – Toshkent: Fan, 2004.

Файзуллаев А.Ф. Философская дискуссия Беруни с Ибн Синой и ее значение для современной науки // Хоразм Маъмун академияси ва унинг жаҳон илм-фани тараққиётидаги ўрни / Халқаро анжуман материаллари. Тошкент-Хива: Фан, 2006. – Б. 177.

А.В. Сагадеев. Ибн-Сина. Москва: Мысль. 1985. – С. 161.

Jurakulovich, S. J. (2023). PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS OF SAGES ON HUMAN VALUES AND GLORIFYING HIM. THEORY AND ANALYTICAL ASPECTS OF RECENT RESEARCH, 2(16), 229-238.

Шодиев, Ж. Ж. (2023, June). ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ИСТОРИЧЕСКОГО МЫШЛЕНИЯ В СОЗДАНИИ ФУНДАМЕНТА ТРЕТЬЕГО ВОЗРОЖДЕНИЯ И ЕГО ЗНАЧЕНИЕ В УКРЕПЛЕНИИ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИХ ЦЕННОСТЕЙ. In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONFERENCE (Vol. 2, No. 15, pp. 124-130).

JJ Shodiev. A STEP TOWARDS HUMAN DIGNITY. GOLDEN BRAIN 1 (24), 59-67.

Jo‘raqulovich, S. J. (2023). O ‘ZBEKISTON-INSON QADR TOPGAN YURT. SUSTAINABILITY OF EDUCATION, SOCIO-ECONOMIC SCIENCE THEORY, 2(13), 191-197.

Шодиев, Д. Д. (2023). INSON QADRI VA UNING MANFAATLARI HAMMA NARSADAN USTUN. НАУЧНО-ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ “MA'MUN SCIENCE”, 1(2).

Shodiyev, J. J. (2023). ROLE OF NUMBERS IN HUMAN WORTH AND DEVELOPMENT. SCHOLAR, 1(28), 252-257.

Qakhorova, S. (2023). PHILOSOPHICAL AND THEORETICAL TEACHING OF AMIR KHUSRAV DEHLAVI. Farg'ona davlat universiteti, (5), 17-17.

Shodiyev, J. J. R. (2023). INSON-BU DUNYO FARZANDI. Educational Research in Universal Sciences, 2(8), 357-369.

Jahongir, S. INTERPRETATION OF THE IMAGE OF MAY IN THE RUBA OF UMAR KHAYYAM. Zbiór artykułów naukowych recenzowanych., 126.

Шайхур-раис асарининг қўлёзмалари, ўрганилиш тарихига доир етарли маълумот олиш учун мурожаат қилинсин: Ирисов А. Абу Али ибн Синонинг «Саломон ва Ибсол» қиссаси. «Фан», Тошкент, 1973, 108-бет;

Ибн Сино. Аш-шифо (Ал Хитоба). Т:. 1980. –Б. 135.