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LEGAL PREVENTION IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN REDUCING CRIME
Beshimov B.I.
Researcher at Bukhara State University
Annotation:
This article analyzes the fact that ensuring the stability of society is an important factor
affecting social consolidation. The answer to the fundamental socio-philosophical question of what
is possible and what is not possible in society can be achieved by studying solidarity. Among the
many social phenomena occurring in society, crime affects the development of society based on
existing laws. It negatively affects the social relations of members of society to one degree or
another, hindering the establishment of spiritual and moral values. From this point of view, "legal
prevention", increasing "legal literacy", and raising "legal culture" are considered important in
preventing crime.
Key words:
Crime, criminal act, punishment, "legal prevention", spiritual and moral values, "legal
literacy", "legal culture", "prevention of crime", "prevention", "warning", "stopping", "terminating",
"terminating", early prevention".
I
ntroduction
. Although legal punishment for crime is inevitable, it is more effective to prevent it
than to punish it. In our language, there is a saying that prevention is better than cure. In fact, it is
beneficial for both society and the individual to identify any act or behavior that leads to crime in
advance and try to prevent it. Sometimes, in social life, a seemingly simple offense can lead to
major crimes. This can also be the result of any situation that occurs due to negligence, indifference,
or lack of thought about its consequences. These rules have been followed in human societies.
In today's modern society, it is important to achieve these goals through moral education and
various preventive measures. "Concepts such as "crime prevention", "prevention", "warning",
"stopping", "terminating", "terminating", and early prevention, which are used to prevent the
occurrence of offenses and other negative anti-social events, are widely used not only in special
legal literature, but also in relevant regulatory and legal documents, and in the contemporary press".
“According to K.E. Igoshev and V.S. Ustinov, the concept of crime prevention should be used to
determine the activities of the state and society aimed at preventing and preventing violations of the
social mechanism of legal regulation.” Of course, the stability of society largely depends on the
harmonious, peaceful, and peaceful coexistence of people in this society. This also affects the
economic, social, cultural and spiritual development of society. A healthy environment in families,
harmony in kinship relations, a socio-spiritual environment in educational institutions, and the
positivity of various relationships between young people reduce the occurrence of any unpleasant
events. Unfortunately, in some cases , indifference and negligence prevent us from fulfilling all our
dreams and aspirations, fulfilling our tasks and achieving our goals.
In major studies on "prevention" in crime prevention, one can see that different views have been put
forward regarding these measures. Russian scientist GA Avanesov outlined his thoughts and views
on this problem in his work "Criminology and Social Prevention" ("Criminology and Social
Prevention"). “One of the scientific studies devoted to the problem of crime prevention is the
monographic study by IAGelfand and PPMikhailenko “ Prevention of crimes – the basis of the fight
against crime”. In these studies, scientists talk about the main concepts used in the field of crime
prevention and show that it is inappropriate to look for differences in the content of the concepts of
“prevention”, “elimination”, “prophylaxis”, “stopping”, that these concepts are interconnected in
content – in this sense, they mean the need to take measures to prevent the commission of acts
harmful to society by certain categories of individuals and to completely eliminate these situations”.
Prevention is considered a component of medicine. It has its own aspects and features. However, it
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is well known that the concept of preventive measures aimed at society and the individual has
already been introduced into use in various sciences and fields.
The study of the social activities of the state, the ways of forming a model of a social state is a
process that took place in different historical periods. Although the problem of social support arose a
long time ago, for a long time it was not fixed by law, existing in the customs and traditions of
various societies. The problem of eliminating the negative consequences of large property
stratification for society predetermines centuries of scientific research into the concept of the best
social system. The importance of the social function of the state has a special impact on the vital
interests of each citizen in society.
In our country, appropriate legal frameworks have been created for combating crime and its early
prevention. Measures implemented on this basis will yield better results if they are implemented in
cooperation with the general public. We also consider it appropriate to implement the following
work in this regard:
first, to develop a concept for the formation, strengthening, and development of values (such as
universal, religious, national, professional, local, and family) in society and to implement it in social
life;
secondly, to establish the construction of cultural centers in each neighborhood center, designed to
hold artistic evenings (performances, concerts with the participation of neighborhood residents,
especially young people) (in this regard, special attention should be paid to the development of a
model project for such cultural centers and the creation of a socio-legal mechanism for their rational
use);
thirdly, creating a system of radio and Internet telegram channels in each neighborhood and their
rational use (this practice provides opportunities to ensure the solidarity of the population and to
quickly be informed of the latest information regarding the life of the neighborhood);
Fourth, ensuring the unity of minors and youth and instilling national pride and honor in them are
important tasks.
Early prevention of delinquency is an important guarantee of the effectiveness of crime prevention
among young people.
Russian scientist VFZudin proposes a global approach to the problems of prevention and the
development of its own doctrine. In his opinion, it would be appropriate to implement the theory and
practice of social prevention of antisocial phenomena in three directions:
- the formation of a doctrine on the prevention of anti-social phenomena at the global level, aimed at
combating wars and disruption of the ecological balance;
- formation of a general theory of social prevention;
- categorization of problems of social prevention of antisocial phenomena according to various
branches of scientific knowledge and the conditions of preventive activities.
Therefore, based on the views of the scientist, it can be said that prevention is an important measure
in preventing any events, both human and social, and environmental. Preventive activities are also
considered very important in the fight against crime, in preventing it early, and in today's era of
globalization, in getting rid of various ideological threats, information attacks, and vices that
undermine spirituality.
Therefore, another aspect of legal prevention is related to increasing legal literacy and raising legal
culture. For example, ignorance of the law and misunderstanding of the actions that lead to
violations lead to an increase in crime. Therefore, improving a stable socio-moral environment in
society and forming a culture of compromise in mutual relations can be effective in all respects.
It can be said that there is a distinction between general prevention, prevention carried out in a
specific society, private prevention carried out in existing social groups in society, and individual
prevention.
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"VD Filimonov emphasizes that crime prevention is carried out at the individual level and at the
district, city, regional, republican or national level."
Thus, general preventive measures include socio-economic, socio-cultural, ideological,
organizational, legal, technical, and other measures.
Individual crime prevention is to eliminate the specific causes of crimes and to eliminate antisocial
attitudes and attitudes that can lead people to commit crimes.
Individual preventive activities consist of several interconnected stages:
- identifying individuals whose behavior, mood, and attitudes indicate that they may commit a crime;
- study these individuals and the sources of negative influence on them;
- to create the most positive environment possible so that such individuals are unable to commit
crimes;
- elimination of sources of negative impact;
- provide educational influence on individuals prone to committing crimes (if necessary - in a
compulsory manner);
- control the behavior and lifestyle of these individuals;
- periodically check the results of the work being done.
Crime prevention is not only about the legal system, but also about the strict adherence to legal rules
by all people everywhere . "
Even in the 21st century, when humanity has entered with high hopes and aspirations, international
terrorism continues to show its evil face.
The destructive influence of extremist groups and organizations, which is becoming a global
problem, has not bypassed the countries of Central Asia, including Uzbekistan. In today's conditions,
where a complex situation is emerging all over the world, including in the Central Asian region, and
the threat of terrorism, extremism and radicalism is growing, we all know that constant vigilance
and awareness are the most important conditions and guarantees for ensuring security and stability,
as well as the peaceful life of our people, strengthening the defense capabilities of our country and
the potential of the Armed Forces in all possible ways.
Against religious extremism and terrorism, is taking important measures in its domestic and foreign
policy. “Today,” said the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev, “the
increasingly acute bloody conflicts and contradictions in some regions of the world, the threat of
terrorism and extremism require us to be constantly alert and vigilant.
It is an urgent task today to educate the younger generation in the spirit of firm beliefs and views on
life, in the spirit of respect for national and universal values, capable of resisting harmful influences
and trends alien to the national mentality. In the words of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoyev, “It is necessary to strengthen joint concrete measures to prevent the
involvement of the younger generation in the activities of various terrorist and radical structures.”
In our opinion, the following issues should be given significant attention in the fight against
religious extremism and terrorism in the region.
-
Improving the legal framework to identify and eliminate the causes and conditions that
lead to terrorism and extremism in the territory of the Central Asian states;
-
Identifying the ways in which individuals involved in terrorism, extremism, and
separatism can infiltrate the territory of Central Asian states and taking drastic measures against
them;
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-
The media should regularly report on the tragic fates of citizens of Central Asia,
particularly Uzbekistan, who have joined terrorist organizations such as ISIS in Iraq and Syria,
pursuing destructive ideas;
-Improving regional and international cooperation in combating extremism and terrorism;
-Introducing effective mechanisms to combat extremism and terrorist financing in the region.
Stability, which affects social consolidation in society, is defined in the philosophical encyclopedic
dictionary as follows: “Stability (social) is the existence of peace and harmony in society and the
conditions for its strengthening, the continuous continuation of a state of social agreement between
the state, public organizations, and citizens.” In this regard, the factor that ensures the harmonious
action of the state, society, and individuals plays an important role in demonstrating the stability of
society.
In particular, the dependence of social consolidation on socio-cultural factors of social integration in
socio-economic processes, including ethnocultural aspects, has been studied. In particular, the
ethnological concept scientifically analyzes the ethnocultural, ethnolinguistic and ethnosociological
processes of peoples and nations from an ethnological and anthropological point of view. This
concept provides for the division of countries into natural and artificial multi-ethnicity.
Natural multinationality - implies the coexistence of different nations and peoples, close to each
other since ancient times, living side by side in the same region, living in harmony for centuries,
having a common history, culture, traditions, customs, values, and a commonality associated with
the struggle against external enemies, and the subsequent emergence of various states in this region
due to the need for social development.
The realities of current globalization processes are giving rise to the problem of maintaining social stability.
At the same time, when the problem of the generalized stability of society arose, the expression
"Sustainable development", which began to be actively studied primarily in the first half of this century,
began to be used throughout the world after the UN Conference on Environment and Development, held in
Rio de Janeiro in June 1992. This concept includes:
“First, recognizing that the focus is on people who should have the right, to live healthy and productive
lives in harmony with nature;
Secondly, environmental protection should become an integral part of the development process;
Third, the right to development must be implemented in such a way that it is equally ensured. Meeting the
environmental development needs of present and future generations;
Fourth, to reduce disparities in the living standards of the world's peoples and to eradicate poverty and
deprivation." This is reflected in the consolidation of the social and political aspects of the sustainable
development model. Social consolidation is one of the elements of the sustainable development concept,
ensuring the balanced functioning of political institutions.
In conclusion,
the study of social consolidation as a multifactorial phenomenon helps to further
develop the analytical tools of social philosophy from the point of view of studying the problems of
conjunctive social processes. This will greatly contribute to the eradication of crime in society and
the achievement of the goals set by the constitution. In short, a crime is a dangerous act that poses a
threat to the security of a person, society, and the state. The fight against such crimes and their
prevention should be the work of everyone, not just the relevant authorities. Only then will we
eliminate this threat.
References
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Shavkat Mirziyoyev Milliy taraqqiyot yo‘limizni qat’iyat bilan davom ettirib, yangi
bosqichga ko‘taramiz 1-jild, Toshkent.: O‘zbekiston, 2018. 138-139-bet,
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