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THE EFFECT OF AGROTECHNICAL FACTORS ON THE YIELD OF FINE FIBER
COTTON
D. T. Jumanov
Termiz State University of Engineering and Agrotechnology, Dean of the Faculty of Agrobiology,
PhD Candidate, Associate Professor.
*E-mail: dilshodjumanov31@gmail.com
N. N. Ochildiyev
Head of the Primary Seed Breeding and Seed Science Laboratory of the Scientific Research Institute
of Fine Fiber Cotton.
Sh.H. Ubaydullayeva
Third-year student of Termiz University of Engineering and Agrotechnology.
E-mail:
shohista8108@gmail.com
Annotation:
According to the data obtained from the field experiments, it was found out that the
control of the growth point and the thickness of the seedling have a great influence on the cotton
yield and its quantity.
On average, 75% of the cotton crop was harvested in the first harvest in the experimental field.
From the lowest productivity control option, 140,000 bushels per hectare were left, and 28.5 s/ha of
cotton was harvested in the option that was cut on July 20. The highest productivity in the
experimental field was 140,000 bushels per hectare, and 34.1 s/ha of cotton was harvested from the
variant that was weeded on August 10.
Keywords:
Plant thickness, fertilization ratio, tillering, yield, quality, gross, total, mobile, nitrogen,
phosphorus, potassium, humus, soil fertility, extreme heat, economic efficiency, profitability.
Introduction
Cotton cultivation technology should be suitable for soil and climate conditions for each agricultural
region. In particular, when planting each type of cotton, it is necessary to create and apply a
technology suitable for specific soil and climate conditions, and to constantly improve it. One of
such activities is controlling cotton stem thickness and cotton growth process, which has great
practical importance and is considered relevant to study based on its variety characteristics.
The Termiz-202 variety of cotton is grown in the main areas of Surkhandarya region and in the
southern regions of our Republic. The study of the effect of some unexplored technologies on the
thickness of the stalk and the weeding of this variety on cotton yield, fiber and seed quality in the
conditions of medium salinity grazing barren soils under the anthropogenic influence of this variety
is important for the wide use of the potential opportunities of this variety. For this purpose, the study
of the effect of different bush thicknesses and harvesting periods on cotton yield, fiber and seed
quality in extreme climatic conditions is the demand of the time.
Materials and methods
Phenological observations, biometric measurements, analyzes and calculations in all conducted
laboratory, field and production experiments were carried out on the basis of the methods adopted at
the Scientific-Research Institute of Cotton Selection and Seed Growing Agrotechnologies.
The total amount of nitrogen and phosphorus of the experimental field was determined by the
method of K.S. Ginzburg, Ye.I.Sheglova and S.V. Wilfius, the amount of mobile nitrogen was
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determined by the method of Granwald-Lyaju, phosphorus by the method of B.P.Machigin, and
humus by the method of I.V. Tyurin.
The obtained results were analyzed by the method of B.A. Dospekhov. Analyzes of fiber and seed
quality were performed in the laboratory of the Faculty of Agrobiology of Termiz State University
of Engineering and Agrotechnology.
The research was conducted in the fields of the farm "Nurmuhammad Makhsum" located in At-
Termizi MFY, Termiz district, Surkhandarya region, during 2022-2023.
The studied options of the experiment were 4 repetitions, and the delyankas were systematically
placed in two tiers. The area of each delyanka is 360 sq.m. is (50 m x 7.2 m), and the fourth
row in the middle constitutes the area to be taken into account. 2 rows (defensive rows) from both
sides are not counted.
Seeds of the Termiz-202 variety of cotton were planted in wide rows (90 cm) in the experimental
field.
In the experiment, two different seedling thicknesses (140,000 and 160,000/ha) and three periods of
chiling (20.07, 1.08 and 10.08) were studied. (See Table 1 for experimental setup).
Results and Discussion
According to the data obtained from the conducted field experiments, it was found out that the
control of the growth point and the thickness of the seedling have a great influence on the cotton
yield and its quantity.
It can be seen from the numbers presented in Tables 2 and 3 of the experiment that a significant
decrease in cotton yield was taken into account with the increase in stem thickness per hectare.
On average, 75% of the cotton crop was harvested in the first harvest in the experimental field.
From the lowest productivity control option, 140,000 bushels per hectare were left, and 28.5 s/ha of
cotton was harvested in the option that was cut on July 20. The highest productivity in the
experimental field was 140,000 bushels per hectare, and 34.1 s/ha of cotton was harvested from the
variant that was weeded on August 10.
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When the cotton weight of one bag was analyzed, it was observed that the weight of cotton in the
bag decreased with the increase of bush thickness from 140,000 to 160,000 per hectare. When
analyzing the weight of cotton obtained from one boll, 4.4-4.6 g of cotton were extracted in the
option of leaving 140 thousand bushels per hectare, and 3.6-3.7 g of cotton in the option of leaving
160 thousand bushels per hectare (Table 3).
Taking into account the fact that the Termiz-202 cotton variety belongs to the zero type, it was
determined from the experiment that the yield and quality of the crop will be higher if the crop
elements are developed in 16-20 joints of the cotton plant, i.e. complete bolls.
In the development of cotton farming, it is important to increase the yield of cotton per hectare and
achieve high economic efficiency with low costs.
The industrial varieties of the cotton handed over according to the harvests were determined, and the
total amount of money received from the sale of cotton was calculated accordingly.
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When determining the total costs, the costs per hectare of the farm, the amount of seeds spent
according to the options were determined, and the costs of picking the harvested crop were added
and calculated.
In order to calculate the net profit of the options studied in the experiment, it was determined by
subtracting (deducting) the amount of total expenses from the total amount of funds received from
the sale of crops grown in each option.
According to the data of Table 4, the highest amount of net profit (4366794 soums) according to the
experiment was obtained from the 3rd option, i.e., from the cottons that were cared for under
conditions of retailing on August 10, with a thickness of 140 thousand cottons per hectare.
Conclusion
In conclusion, it can be said that when the cotton weight of one bag was analyzed, the weight of
cotton in the bag decreased with the increase of bush thickness from 140,000 to 160,000 per hectare.
When analyzing the weight of cotton obtained from one boll, it was 4.4-4.6 g in the option with 140
thousand bushels per hectare, and 3.6-3.7 g in the option with 160 thousand bushels per hectare.
If we take into account that the Termiz-202 cotton variety belongs to the zero type, it was found out
from the experiment that if weeding is carried out when the crop elements, i.e. complete bolls, are
developed in the 16-20 joints of the cotton bush, the yield and quality of the crop will be higher.
In the experimental field, on average, 75% of the cotton crop was harvested in the first harvest.
From the lowest productivity control option, 140,000 bushels per hectare were left, and 28.5 tons/ha
of cotton were harvested in the option that was cut on July 20. In the experimental field, the highest
yield was 140,000 bushels per hectare, and 34.1 ts/ha of cotton was harvested from the variant that
was weeded on August 10. The decrease in the thickness of the above sprouts (to 140,000 pieces)
and early cutting periods led to a decrease in productivity to 5.6 centners.
References
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