Tympanosclerosis is a chronic non-purulent disease of the middle ear, in which the formation of sclerotic foci in the thickness of the mucosa of the middle ear occurs, which leads to damage to the sound-conducting apparatus and hearing loss. In the clinical observations of the authors in recent years, there has been a tendency to increase the frequency of tympanosclerosis. According to the classification, there are open and closed types, primary and secondary tympanosclerosis. Due to the inflammatory process in the tympanic cavity, sclerosis develops at the site of damage (inflammatory alteration) of tissues with a predominance of fibrotic processes. The diagnosis of tympanosclerosis is based on the data of otomicroscopy, audiological examinations and computed tomography studies. The main purpose of the performed surgical intervention is to sanitize the middle ear, improve hearing and prevent the recurrence of the disease with the refixation of the ossicular mechanism. The auditory basis of the correction and rehabilitation of patients with tympanosclerosis is a one-step surgical intervention, including removal of pathological formations of the middle ear cavity, the mobilization.
This article deal patients with different forms of tympanosclerose. Patients were divided into two groups who were ill with open or closedform of tympanosclerose, who were operated at single or double stage. The allocartilage was used for postoperational prophylaxis of tympanosclerose, then, by using ventilation tube and the method of hirudotherapy.
This review presents a variety of views on development of tympanosclerosis in children with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). The review showed that all of the above indicates the need for in-depth studies of the mechanisms of development of tympanosclerosis in children with CSOM in order to develop effective methods for diagnosing, treating and preventing the disease.