Otomycosis, a fungal infection of the ear, is a common disease. Among otitis with other etiologies, the share of otomycosis ranges from 18% in adults to 26.3% in children. A review of the literature on the prevalence of otomycosis and the clinical course of otomycosis showed that otomycosis is a common disease with a high share among inflammatory diseases of the ear.
The results of our studies made it possible to determine the main pathogenetic factors in the development of
otomycosis in the examined patients, which is especially important; since fungi - causative agents of otomycosis are
conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and show their pathogenic properties only under certain conditions. We
found that an important factor for the development of otomycosis is the presence of general somatic diseases, which,
according to the present study, were present in the majority (70.1%) of patients, which indicates a decrease in the
body's resistance to opportunistic flora against the background of chronic diseases, various metabolic disorders. 25.7%
of patients had diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in which dysbiosis develops with a decrease in the proportion of
obligate microflora, a decrease in natural resistance to fungal flora. Diseases of the cardiovascular system of varying
severity, including myocardial infarction, were found in 23.45% of patients. The fact that in 32 patients otomycosis
developed against the background of diabetes mellitus testifies in favor of the pathogenetic significance of
carbohydrate metabolism disorders in the development of mycosis. A small number of observations and the results
obtained did not allow us to state with certainty that there is a direct relationship between the incidence of otomycosis and antibiotic therapy. Analysis of our clinical material showed that prior to the diagnosis of otomycosis, systemic
antibiotic therapy according to the anamnesis was carried out in 20 patients, local - in 9 patients (a total of 29 patients
- 7.1% of the number of patients with otomycosis).
We found that traumatic factors in the form of a systematic toilet of the ear canal with a cotton swab, removal of
sulfuric plug, use of endoural headphones play an important role in the development of fungal ear infections. Against
the background of trauma, otomycosis developed in 56.5% of patients.
Ulugbek S. Khasanov, Shokhimardon K. Khudjanov, Jamolbek A. Djuraev, Abdurasul J. Botirov