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haywanlar hám quslar dúnyasın názerde tutadı. Egerde shınlıqqa tiykarlansaq, pútkil dúnyanıń
ańları shayır súwretlep atırǵan kóllerde bolıwı múmkin emes, al bul jurttı, geografiyalıq orındı
ulıǵlaw niyetinen kelip shıqqan.
2. Anıqlanbaǵan kópliktiń ornına anıq kóplik san qollanıladı.
Qıya baǵıp meniń janımdı alıp,
Yúz mıń jilwa menen shıǵar gózzallar
(Ájiniyaz)
Sinekdoxa oy-pikirdi kórkemlep beriw ushın qollanılatuǵın poetikalıq qurallardıń biri
esaplanadı.
Bul maqalada kórkemlew qurallarınıń qaraqalpaq xalıq qosıq qatarlarında atqaratuǵın
kórkemlew xızmetine sıpatlama berip ótildi. Kórkemlew qurallarınıń sóz manisiniń awısıwına
tiykarlantuǵınlıǵı, sóz mánisiniń awısıw principleri, kórkemlew qurallarınıń tiykarǵı túrleri,
olardıń kórkemlew xızmetindegi ayırmashılıqlarına túsinik berildi. Maqalada ádebiyatta
kórkemlew quralları bolǵan metafora, metonimiya, sinekdoxalarǵa teoriyalıq sıpatlama berildi,
olardıń kórkemlew xızmeti mısallar menen tallap kórsetildi.
Paydalanılǵan ádebiyatlar:
1.Ә. Тәжимуратов. Қарақалпақ халық қосықлары. "Қарақалпақстан" баспасы. Нөкис-1965
2. Ахметов С, Есенов Ж, Жәримбетов Қ. Әдебияттаныỳ атамаларының орысшa-
қаракалпақша түсиндирме сөзлиги. Нөкис: Билим, 1992
3. A.Dosımbetova. Ádebiyatta kórkemlew quralları. Nókis, “Qaraqalpaqstan” 2017
4. Генжемуратов Б. Әжинияз лирикасының поэтикасы. Нөкис, «Билим», 1997,
5. Бобоев Т. Адабиѐтшунослик асослари. Тошкент, Ўзбекистон, 2002
6. Járimbetov Q. Ádebiyattanıwdan sabaqlar. Nókis. “Qaraqalpaqstan”, 2012
7. Конысов, Г., & Уразниязова, Г. (2023). Роль глобальной сети в процессе изучения
иностранным языкам. Ренессанс в парадигме новаций образования и технологий в XXI
веке, 1(1).
THE DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF ENGLISH ACCENT
Jumabaeva Jasmin Jaqsimurat qizi, Student of Nukus innovation institute
Scientific advisor: Abdullaeva Dilbar Alimbaevna
Annotation:
English is a global language with an incredible diversity of accents that reflect the
unique cultural, historical, and social influences of the regions where it is spoken. In this article,
we discuss about the different varieties of English accent.
Key words:
English-speaking area, Australian English, English accents,
actual words,
expressions, cultures and communities.
Each English-speaking area has developed distinct pronunciation patterns, rhythmic
qualities, and even characteristic word choices, which together create unique
English accents
.
Accents are often recognized by differences in vowel and consonant sounds, intonation, and stress
patterns, and they can vary widely within countries, regions, and even cities.
From the polished tones of
Received Pronunciation (RP)
in the UK to the melodic lilt of
Irish English
and the broad drawl of
Australian English
, each accent represents a specific way
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of speaking that helps define local identity and cultural heritage. Beyond national accents, there
are also notable regional distinctions, such as the
New York
and
Southern
accents in the United
States, which reflect the rich diversity within a single country. Internationally, varieties of English
like
Indian English
,
Singaporean English (Singlish)
, and
South African English
showcase how
local languages and cultural nuances shape the way English is spoken, adding vibrant layers to the
language's global tapestry.[1]
Understanding these varieties not only enriches our appreciation of English but also
provides valuable insights into how languages evolve and adapt. For English learners and teachers,
recognizing the diversity of English accents can enhance communication and create a more
inclusive and adaptable learning environment. This exploration into the varieties of English
accents reveals the complexity and adaptability of English as it continues to bridge cultures and
communities across the world.[2]
In English, and indeed in any language, the two main types of variation are accent and
dialect. Accent refers specifically to pronunciation – the way certain sounds are made when
speaking the language. It’s a phonological aspect, where different sound patterns emerge in
specific words. For example, the word "bath" is pronounced differently in Standard British English
(/bɑːθ/, with an "a" as in "arm") compared to Standard American English (/bæːθ/, with a longer
"a" as in "at"). Even within British English, accents vary: Northern British and Scots English might
pronounce "bath" as /bæth/, while Southwestern British English might use /bæ
This type of purely sound-based variation defines an accent.[3]
Dialect, by contrast, includes variations in the actual words and expressions used, beyond
just their pronunciation. For instance, summer footwear has different names in different forms of
English:
British English: flip flops
Australian English: thongs
New Zealand English: jandals
South African English: plakkies
These distinctions evolve from historical influences, words borrowed from other
languages, and how well they stick in a particular culture.
Varieties of English
A variety of English combines accent, dialect, and word usage, specific to a region or
culture. When the distinctive features of pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar of one form of
English become notably different from another, they are recognized as separate varieties of
English. These varieties are still mutually intelligible but may require some clarification on
specific terms between speakers. For example, an Indian English speaker may understand a
speaker from Singapore or America but might occasionally need help with terms unique to each
variety.
Many English varieties arise from the influence of local languages or cultural contexts. The
most commonly recognized varieties include:[4]
American English
British English
Australian English
Canadian English
Caribbean English
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Irish (Hiberno) English
Indian English
Singaporean English (Singlish)
South African English
And others, including forms influenced by Arabic, Chinese (Chinglish), Korean
(Konglish), and Spanish (Spanglish).
Teaching and Learning Implications
Understanding accents, dialects, and varieties of English affects how English is taught.
Should regional differences be treated as errors, or should learners be exposed to various English
forms? The answer depends on the learning context and purpose. For example, the English "th"
sounds /θ/ (as in "throw") and /ð/ (as in "these") require a specific tongue and breath control
unfamiliar in most languages. Speakers of languages like French, Russian, Arabic, and Chinese
may substitute these sounds with /s/, /z/, /d/, or /t/, making "throw" sound like /srәʊ/ or "these"
like /zi
Yet, despite this substitution, communication is usually unaffected, as context often makes
the meaning clear.
Interestingly, this variation in "th" sounds is standard in some English dialects, such as
Irish and Caribbean English, where /t/ and /d/ are often used instead. Correcting such pronunciation
may be less critical than focusing on other sound distinctions, like short /ɪ/ and long /i:/, which do
affect clarity more directly (e.g., "sheet" vs. "sheep").[5]
The variety of English accents around the world highlights the adaptability and cultural
richness of the language. Each accent – whether
British, American, Australian, Indian
, or one
of the many other regional and national varieties – carries with it the history, identity, and unique
linguistic influences of its speakers. Far from diminishing comprehension, this diversity adds depth
to English, allowing it to serve as a bridge that connects different cultures and experiences.
For learners, teachers, and speakers alike, embracing the different accents of English
fosters greater inclusivity and encourages an appreciation for language as a dynamic, evolving
entity. Recognizing these differences promotes mutual understanding and helps speakers
communicate across cultural boundaries with respect and adaptability. Ultimately, English is a
language that belongs to the world, and its varied accents are a testament to its global reach and
enduring capacity to unite people from all walks of life.
References
1. Crystal, D. (2003). English as a Global Language. Cambridge University Press.
Examines the global spread of English and its many varieties.
2. Trudgill, P. (2000). Sociolinguistics: An Introduction to Language and Society. Penguin
Books. Discusses how accents and dialects shape social and regional identity.
3. Wells, J. C. (1982). Accents of English. Cambridge University Press. A detailed analysis
of English accents worldwide.
4. Kirkpatrick, A. (2007). World Englishes. Cambridge University Press. Explores global
varieties of English and their relevance for teaching and communication.
5. Melchers, G., & Shaw, P. (2011). World Englishes. Routledge. Offers an overview of
pronunciation and vocabulary differences in global English varieties.
