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FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF THE LEXICAL-THEMATIC GROUP “MUSIC”
Qodirova Munisa Erkinjon qizi
TerSU Basic doctoral student
Annotation
. This article is dedicated to the lexical-thematic grouping of the
conceptual terms "Music", studying their internal division features and comparing
their equivale0nts in English and Uzbek languages. In this work, we selected lexical-
semantic groups “Musicians, performers" and "music-related events" for our
research.
Key words:
terms, terminology, lexical-thematic analysis, music, musicians,
performers, music-related events, musical terms.
Аннотация.
Данная статья посвящена лексико-тематической группировке
понятийных терминов «Музыка», изучению особенностей их внутреннего
деления и сравнению их эквивалентов в английском и узбекском языках. В
данной работе для исследования мы выбрали лексико-семантические группы
«Музыканты, исполнители» и «Музыкальные события».
Ключевые слова
: термины, терминология, лексико-тематический анализ,
музыка, музыканты, исполнители, музыкальные события, музыкальные
термины.
Annotatsiya.
Ushbu maqola “Musiqa” konseptual atamalarini leksik-mavzuiy
guruhlash, ularning ichki boʻlinish xususiyatlarini oʻrganish hamda Ingliz va Oʻzbek
tillaridagi ekvivalentlarini solishtirishga bagʻishlangan. Ushbu ishda biz tadqiqotimiz
uchun "Musiqachilar, ijrochilar" va "musiqa bilan bog'liq hodisalar" leksik-semantik
guruhlarini tanladik.
Tayanch so'zlar
: atamalar, terminologiya, leksik-mavzuiy tahlil, musiqa,
sozandalar, ijrochilar, musiqaga oid voqealar, musiqa terminlari.
Research methods
. In this article, the comparative-historical method, lexical-
semantic analysis, contextual analysis and others were used to analyze the terms.
Main div
. It is slightly difficult to implement the huge task of theoretically
applying the English language and carrying out comparative research with the Uzbek
language without auxiliary features. Terminology and terminology have a special
place in the implementation of this difficult task. There are two worldviews about the
role of terminology in the vocabulary:
- Terminology is considered as an independent layer of literary language
lexicon;
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- In accordance with the second theory of terminology, the vocabulary of the
literary language is separated, evaluated as a "separate", "separate" object and
equated to types of speech (dialect, slang, colloquial speech).
A number of linguists have given their definitions of the concept of term in the
scientific literature, and most of them define the concept of term as a combination of
words and phrases used in a professional speech context and expressing a scientific-
technical concept. In our opinion, the term is a perfect, independent unit that includes
all the features of this professionalism, used in the stages of scientific development.
Being considered as internal units of the field of terminology, nomenclature and
field terminologies provide opportunities for field limitation of the application of all
terms in the literary wealth of the universal language, optimization of learning
opportunities. After all, the more specific the object of research, the higher the
effectiveness of the work.
Field terminology is a small thematic area, differentiated according to the
atmosphere and characteristics of the use of terms. These sub-thematic areas differ
from each other in terms of professionalism. In order to define these areas, let's
analyze some musical terms:
Let's dwell on the formation of the concept of
"musical term".
A musical term
is a strictly professional concept that is a semantically integral, functionally important
element of the lexical system of the language within the musical terminology of the
performing arts.
A musical term
can be a word, phrase or graphic symbol from any branch of
musicology. Thus, we understand the musical term as a natural or artificial symbol
necessary to name a special concept in performing arts. The musical terminology of
performing arts is a combination of verbal and graphic terms of music science.
Musicological terminology is a broad terminological field that includes various
terminological systems.
Мумтоз музика / Classical music
is a terminological unit and is polysemantic
depending on the context. Therefore, for the completeness of the description, we will
consider a lexical unit to express classical music in three senses:
qualitative
evaluation - "sifatli baholash; historical and musical-theoretical sense - "tor tarixiy,
musiqiy-nazariy ma’no"; typological sense – "tipologik ma’no"
.
The following lexical units of
classical music
can be mentioned:
past genres,
Viennese operetta, waltzes, classic jazz, classic pop, Viennese classicus, music
composition, lazgi, anjon polka, tanovar, shoshmaqom, maqom
.
The word
"musician"
comes from the Latin word "musicus", which in turn
comes from the Greek word "μουσικός" (mousikos)
17
Krylov's Etymological Dictionary [Electronic resource] Access mode:
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Meaning: a person who specializes in music as an art. Famous musician.
Musicians Association; a professional or amateur playing an instrument, and also,
(·obsolete) singer (compare Krylov's fable "Musicians", where we are talking about
singers). Invite musicians to the ball. Musicians walked ahead of the regiment.”
1)
After all, a musician is not so much a profession as a vocation. In this
context, the lexeme “musician” means a person who loves music, and emphasizes
that being a musician is not only a professional mission, but also a special purpose.
2)
And in the sentence there is an interesting lexeme “vocation”, which has
a positive assessment, since the lexeme “calling” means inclination, internal
attraction to some matter, some profession (if you have or are convinced that you
have the necessary for that ability)
In this case, the lexeme “musician” refers to the first meaning in Ushakova’s
book: “1. A person who specializes in music art." The lexeme “musician” is used
with the verb “to become”, which has an additional. The literal meaning indicates the
author’s desire to become a musician, i.e. brow century who plays musical
instruments, writes music or performs, fills songs
Accompanist/concertmaster – Концертмейстер
: this lexeme is derived from
two words
"Konzert"
and
"meister"
and probably entered art studies in the middle of
the 20th century
. According to Kuznetsova's large explanatory dictionary of
Russian language: 1. Leader of a group of performers in an orchestra (first violinist,
first violist, etc.). 2. Soloist of a symphony or opera orchestra. 3. Pianist-accompanist,
learning parts with singers and accompanying them in concerts
Further, in the analyzed material the lexeme
“accompanist”
only used in the
first meaning, here are examples: 1) But in our orchestra, all the musicians continue
to work, the accompanists make sure that they do not forget their parts, and repeat
difficult passages in different compositions with them. The word
"accompanists"
in
this sentence indicates people holding a specific position in the orchestra and
performing tasks according to directing the orchestra and coordinating the work of
musicians. In this context, not only the importance of the accompanist is indicated,
but also as an accompanist, ensuring the correct performance of the music and under
maintaining a high level of skill and consistency within the orchestra. 2) Even before
quarantine, I made it for accompanists.
The word
"accompanists"
refers to people who lead orchestra and help the
musicians play together, so the lexeme “accompanist” in this case refers to the first
meaning: “1. Leader of a group of performers in an orchestra (first violinist, first
18
Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary. Access mode:
https://gufo.me/dict/ushakov?ysclid=lho05zj5cf26704767
19
Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary. Access mode:
https://gufo.me/dict/ushakov?ysclid=lho05zj5cf26704767
20
https://proektoria.online/catalog/professions/konczertmejster
21
Kuznetsova S.A. Large explanatory dictionary of the Russian language [Electronic resource] Access mode:
International scientific journal
“Interpretation and researches”
Volume 2 issue 2 (24) | ISSN: 2181-4163 | Impact Factor: 8.2
58
violist, etc.). , as well as in the meaning of “accompanist” - the context of “marks in
notes".
Another term:
Soloist
– the term "soloist" comes from the Latin word
"solus",
from the Italian
"solista"
. Performer of a musical work or a separate part (solo); artist
performing independently in opera, oratorio, choir, ballet batches, separate
numbers
Basically, the lexeme “soloist” has one single meaning in dictionary, here are
some examples:
1)
They give a fairly complete picture of how they live and develop both
groups, what are our repertoire preferences, circle regularly guest conductors and
soloists. The word "soloist" in this sentence means a musician who performs
performs solo parts in musical works. Therefore, the lexeme “soloist” refers to the
meaning: “an artist who performs independent parts, individual numbers in opera,
oratorio, choir, ballet
2)
Thus, the term "soloist" comes from the Latin word "solus", from the
Italian "solista". In interview contexts, the more frequent meaning of the lexeme
“soloist” is the meaning: “Performer of a musical work or separate part (solo)
It should be noted that the lexeme “soloist” is combined with other words that
have other meanings, such as lexeme “Soloist” is used with the adjective “lucky”,
denoting one who is accompanied by good luck
Results
. It is worth noting that the words
soloist, conductor, virtuoso, maestro
accompanist (meaning “leader of the orchestra, first violin”)
etc. form an antonymic
series with the words
orchestra, ensemble, collective, choir
on the basis of
individual/collective music-making
, while there is an evaluative element in the
meaning: quality of music, an individual performer is higher than a performer in an
orchestra.
Conclusion
. At the end of the article, the following conclusions were reached.
They are:
-
The principle of the presence of terms: the material contained terms related to
music, such as the names of musical instruments, genres, technical terms, etc. For
example, “violinist”, “flutist”, “classics”, etc.
-
The principle of limited language units: the material uses only those lexico-
semantic variants of polysemous lexemes that are related to music;
-
Most of the terms related to music have polysemantic features that can be
differentiated according to the context;
22
Large encyclopedic dictionary [Electronic resource]. Access mode:
23
Large encyclopedic dictionary [Electronic resource]. Access mode:
24
Large encyclopedic dictionary [Electronic resource]. Access mode:
25
Kuznetsova S.A. Large explanatory dictionary of the Russian language [Electronic resource] Access mode:
International scientific journal
“Interpretation and researches”
Volume 2 issue 2 (24) | ISSN: 2181-4163 | Impact Factor: 8.2
59
-
some of the terms related to music are derivational and may have preserved
their roots in other languages;
-
The principle of combining words into a group according to the similarity of
what they denote processes, phenomena, objects: words are combined into groups
based on the similarity of meanings, processes, phenomena, objects and etc.
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современного немецкого языка: диссертация ... кандидата филологических
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