JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 16, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
Davlatova Mukhayyo Hasanovna
the head of uzbek language and literature,
russian and english language department PhD,
associate professor of
Bukhara satate medical instituteafter Abu Ali ibn Sina
SEMANTIC PROPERTIES OF EFFECTIVE CONSTRUCTIONS IN ENGLISH AND
UZBEK LANGUAGES
Abstract
. This article is devoted to the study of the grammatical research center of each
language, phenomena are expressed as linguistic units, and interconnected participation ensures
the establishment of units. These types of grammatical analysis are known in the history of
linguistics under many terms: grammatical relations, syntactic functions, sub categorization of
frames, argument-containing constructions, argument dependence, etc. One of the main problems
associated with each branch of grammar is the choice of the correct relationship of similarity and
difference in this language and in the context of other languages.
Key words:
relation, predication, combination, category, distinguish, semantic features, concept,
syntactic factor, result, aspect.
INTRODUCTION.
Possessives, participles, objects are usually included in formal categories as
purely grammatical relations. But due to the interaction of these categories, there is a huge
semantic difference in the process of expressing events. In addition, if we compare a cross
section of languages, then not only the syntactic tasks in them differ, but also the amount of
meaning expressed by formal indicators. In particular, in English, participles and complex
objects form specific constructions.
REVIEW.
These structures are used to express resultant and causative meanings from a
semantic point of view. These meanings are also interpreted as separate categories in English. In
particular, causality and effectivity have many ways of being expressed as complex, overarching
categories. They also reflect the attitude towards the objects of the external world.
In these relations lie the concepts of cause and effect existing in the mind. In the category of
direct causality, there is also the concept of causality, and it is necessary to distinguish between
the relationships that they perform. Since our study is not focused on causation and causality, we
will not dwell on these relationships. In connection with the emergence of effectiveness and
causality in structures close to each other, structural and semantic differences in them are
analyzed.
DISCUSSION.
The resultutive structures are considered to be a semantic feature arising from
secondary predication. In particular, the American linguist S. Rothstein includes secondary
resulting predicates in the aspectual-event type in terms of their relationship to the event
represented by the main predicate (S. Rothstein; 2006, 209-233). The author argues that
secondary predicates have descriptive and resultative semantic properties. He gives the following
examples to illustrate the difference between the two:
a. John drove the car drunk.
b. John painted the house red (S.Rothstein; 2006, 209-233).
This example (a) has a descriptive predication. It has the meaning "John was driving drunk" and
contains information about the night of the accident. Productivity in this sentence is expressed in
the secondary predicate drunk in the II form of the adjective. In fact, John was drunk even before
he got behind the wheel. But in the translation into Uzbek, the effective expression is not visible.
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 16, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
In the following example (b), the information is recorded that "John painted the house red and as
a result the house turned red."
Obviously, this is the result of the actions taken. Therefore, this example is evaluated as the
resulting predication. Similar ideas can be found in (D.Dowty, 1991), (J.Carrier, J.H. Randall,
1992).
Many English linguists are also concerned about the direct separation of resultative and
descriptive meaning, expressive and secondary predicates, and the acceptance of structure (S.
Wechsler, 1997; B. Levin, Rappaport Hovav; 1999, 2001. Dj.E. Miller, 1997) discussed between
them.
Therefore, they come to the conclusion that there is no need to divide these structures into
descriptive and result types according to their semantic characteristics. In our opinion, since the
combination of an indirect object and a secondary predicate is a combination specific to the
English language, it is advisable to accept them as a special structure. Such an interpretation can
shed light on their semantic features. We focus on the following examples of authors:
John laughed sick.
John laughed himself sick.
John sang the baby asleep.
In these examples, the adjectives sick and sleeping have a resultant meaning as a result of a
change in the state of the subject as a result of the action expressed by the verbs laugh and sing.
The study of secondary predicative structures is usually carried out syntactically and
semantically. In our opinion, in their analysis it is necessary to cover both aspects. The analysis
of language units (adjectives, nouns, impersonal forms of verbs, etc.) that perform the function of
secondary predication is expressed in the form-syntactic approach.
CONCLUSION.
In both languages, the resulting structures are formed using grammatical forms
characteristic of the passive. In these cases, the limited active feature of the verb is important.The
adjective form II of finite characteristic verbs in English acts as a secondary predicate of a
complex object, as a language tool that establishes a change in state and the result of an action in
a determining function.
Although the resultative and perfect forms are close to each other in content, they differ in
semantic realization in terms of the content of the expression. In particular, in English the perfect
and resultant have certain grammatical formations, and their differences are clearly visible in
terms of pragmatic expression and sequence of events. In the Uzbek language, the perfect and
resulting meanings can only be determined in the context, taking into account aspects of the
pragmatic expression.
The form of the adjective -
gan
, which takes part in resultative constructions and occupies an
important place, means the necessary meaning in cases, depending on the activity nature of the
verb and lexical meaning. When state verbs are used in the adjective form, we can observe the
occurrence of a state or process in which the state of the subject is equal to the state of speech. It
should be recognized that the influence of the feature of the action of the adjective, formed from
the verb, is the main feature in the formation of the resulting structures of the adjective. Based on
case studies, we can say that verbs with a limited characteristic in the form of an adjective (II)
lose the meaning of an action or process and express the effectiveness caused by a change in
state.
REFERENCES.
1. Давлатова, М. Х. Работа над видеотекстам на занятиях Английского языка. Теория и
практика современной науки, 242-246.
2. Hasanovna, D. M. (2022). ASPECTUAL AND LEXICAL-SEMANTIC CLASSIFICATION
OF VERB NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS JournalNX-A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed
Journal ISSN No: 2581-4230.
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 16, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
3. Hasanovna, D. M. (2022). Resultative and Causative Meanings in English and Uzbek
Languages. TA'LIM VA RIVOJLANISH TAHLILI ONLAYN ILMIY JURNALI, 297-302.
4. Hasanovna, D. M. (2022). ON THE INTERRELATIONSHIP OF RESULTIVE AND
CAUSATIVE MEANINGS. World Bulletin of Public Health, 9, 212-215.
5.Давлатова, М. Х. (2021). THE EXPRESSION OF RESULTATIVE AND DEPICTIVE
CONSTRUCTIONS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES. МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ
ЖУРНАЛ ИСКУССТВО СЛОВА, 4(5).
6. Davlatova, M. X. (2018). THE EASY WAY OF LEARNING ENGLISH WITH THE HELP
OF SONGS. Теория и практика современной науки, (4), 578-581.
