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IMPROVEMENT OF THE STRUCTURAL STRUCTURE OF THE NATIONAL
ECONOMY AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
ANARBAYEV O.I.,
Doctor of Philosophy in Military Sciences (PhD),
Associate Professor, Head of the Department, Academy of the
Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Abstract:
The article examines the improvement of the structural structure of the national
economy and its characteristics in the context of economic modernization.
Key words:
innovation, structural changes, modernization, diversification, integration,
ownership relations, social needs, globalization.
Uzbekistan Republic national of the economy structural structure improvement hisher of
development main from the factors one is considered One economic from the system completely
other economic to the system passage during exists economic in relationships and this with
together national economy structural in the structure both noticeable structural shifts face gives.
CIS countries, that including our republic in the economy such structural shifts known to the
extent globalization during correct arrival with both explained.
Uzbekistan Republic further development according to Actions in the strategy the economy
development and of liberalization based on of course structural changes deepening, national of
the economy leader networks modernization and diversification to do on account of hasher
competitiveness increase issue It stands.
Today's on the day economic in literature national in the economy structural structure
improvement factors to study enough to the extent attention not directed . Economist scientists
by of the economy structural structure of transformation various factors if shown, one factor
himself various authors by right now while both main significant and both second graded factor
as is being considered. A. V. Wahabov as they say: “Uzbekistan economy composition following
factors under the influence is formed; social labor distribution, science and technology
development, population needs growth and complication, primary work to release resources
scale and limited, external economic factors” [2].
First, Uzbekistan economy innovative development on the way transfer world of the economy
development trends, long fixed-term in the future national innovation of the system stable
development providing factors to account received in case work developed “Innovation is that
future means. We great our future building to do from today starting if so, then exactly
innovative ideas, innovative approach based on our beginning” need [1] says Our President Sh.
M. Mirziyoyev. Innovative development, new technological basic innovative - investments
increase on account of work to release factors adjective in terms of improvement with is
determined. Ours to our research according to today globalization during in the economy
structural of shifts following factors one bath significant is (picture 1).
Secondly, their to the composition scientific - technical development, scientific research and
experience - construction works, technique and in technology advanced changes enters Scientific
- technical development society material - technical some, technique and of technologies hisher
appearance again change sent, accumulation and consumption between of the ratios to change
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take will come of the economy network composition in the structure to changes scientific -
technical of development the impact of the economy various sector and networks between work
to release resources with together social - necessary labor expenses again division in appearance
happened is happening.
For example high technician preparation to the level owner was products work to take out
intended industries (engineering and to metal processing to give food industry) promoter growth
pace inter-sectoral of the ratios to change positive impact shows. Of this as a result again
working networks industry work output general in size share from 38.5 percent in 2005 to 57.1
percent in 2017 grew up. of the economy technician innovative development provision doer
industries (electric power, mechanical engineering, chemistry industry) from 29.5% in 2005 to
32.5 % in 2017 growth industry in the composition face giving positive structural shifts about
testimony gives.
Third, structural of shifts again one factor, ownership in relations changes is considered
Ownership relations whole of the economy structural structure internal to the system complete
enter goes “Property relations economic blessings work to release and society their wealth
mastery in the processes into existence comes” [3].
It is known that it is political and economic in terms of ownership relations work to release tools
and labor products mastery and alienation relations as participation what did in case, the main
work to release attitude - employee and employees work to release to the means connection
method point from the point of view of the economy structural structure reflection will give and
own next social the product work release, distribution, exchange and consumption to do
composition by designating gives .
National of the economy structural structure improvement approach to learning from the point of
view approach, one property from the form second one property in the form of side movement
with both is described. After all, every one next property shape from himself previous property
in the form of characteristic all aspects in itself embodies, like with him together from the
beginning exists as it is. In this sense structural of shifts private property from the form collective
property shape side, ownership relations about isolated from organizations one bath organized to
organizations looking at that it is changing our observation possible. Today on the day
Uzbekistan in the economy any one property of the form clearly advantage didn't do without,
different ownership of shapes the existence we see possible.
Composition of shifts fourth factor to be, to work distribution and hisher in specialization
changes is considered Employment provision issue actually many edged is, it is all to the
population own ability to work construction, worker strength productive and effective work to
fill with, necessary in cases worker strength economy networks and sectors between again
division like issues both includes Social labor distribution processes directly work to release
forces and work to release relations with mutual depends. It is known that work to release forces
structural of shifts material the base organization works, works to release relations and hisher
social shape by designating gives.
Social labor distribution work to release factors of the economy various sectors and networks
between division processes through, then to do increasing structural of shifts general material the
basics forms. Of the economy to the material and technical base impact verb with one in line,
labor in the distribution changes whole one socio-economic to the mechanism both own the
effect spends.
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Scientific and technical development, ownership of relations development, social labor in the
distribution changes social needs of the system development demand will, will next present of
needs transformation both in the economy structural of shifts factor as is considered Needs in the
composition changes, own next consumption in the composition changes into existence brings,
of this as a result and now at the moment work of release structural in the structure to changes
take will come As you know, a person needs system many material and social needs
encompassed. Social needs to the composition social (in communication to be, respect to do, to
be acquisition, self-expression), spiritual needs (the need for harmonious development, social
justice, etc.).
In the context of economic modernization, the satisfaction of needs is increasing the relevance of
social and spiritual needs, which can only be sustainably renewed on the basis of the full
satisfaction of material or primary needs. Along with the development of society, a fairly large
part of interests and aspirations loses their material orientation, which, in turn, is reflected in the
corresponding changes in the structural structure of the economy. The state program for the
implementation of the Action Strategy in the “Year of Supporting Active Entrepreneurship,
Innovative Ideas and Technologies” pays special attention to the development of the tourism
sector, encouraging the development of inbound and domestic tourism, and simplifying
administrative and visa procedures for tourists as corresponding changes in the structural
structure of the national economy.
The modern structure of social needs is characterized by its diversity, complex stratification, and
the fact that its constituent elements often have an international character. At the stage of
transition to a post-industrial society, the role and importance of social and spiritual needs, in
particular the need to engage in creative activities, intellectual and cultural development,
communication, active recreation and leisure, and self-development, are increasing. Modern
social needs are naturally interconnected with the development of information technologies,
global networks, and the communication sphere. “Social needs are needs for a certain lifestyle,
the nature of labor, and certain conditions. For example, the need to communicate with people,
develop intellectual potential, and express oneself. A person’s spiritual needs are expressed in
the aesthetic perception of the surrounding world, creativity, and spiritual development” [4].
The current transformation of the system of social needs is expressed in the fact that the
accumulation of material wealth is no longer the main and only goal for a person. Social interests
that create the corresponding needs are becoming one of the main factors. Traditional resources
(land, materialized capital, low-skilled labor) are giving way to scientific knowledge and
information, the role of which in the creation and use of the social product is growing
significantly. As a result, along with the development of society, there is a transition from the
predominance of external motivating factors of activity to internal motives. If until now, the
development of production, during which the formation of a new person took place, was
considered more a cause than a consequence of the process of social exchange, today the
situation has begun to change radically. He continues his opinion as follows: “... the
development of information production and the description of the post-industrial economic
system are becoming dependent on the need of a person to express himself in production and
consumption processes” [5].
Based on the primacy of the transformation of the system of social needs as factors causing
structural changes in the economy, a number of economists show the existence of internal
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conflicts of structural changes and distinguish among them initial, basic and derivative conflicts.
The initial conflict of structural shifts in the economy is the dynamics of material and social
needs; primary, secondary, tertiary, etc. needs; work and leisure needs; manifests itself in the
form of conflicts between material wealth and the creative development of a person.
The main contradiction of structural shifts in the economy is the uneven dynamics of the
development of individual structural elements, which implies that the quantitative characteristics
of structural elements change at different speeds (acceleration or stagnation), that these changes
occur at different times (time intervals), and that the above-mentioned dynamic processes have
different directions, which, as a result, leads to a qualitative change in the relationships between
the structural elements and a change in the basic ratios of the economic system.
In terms of the factors of structural shifts in the economy, denying the unity of the transformation
of social needs, the main contradiction of structural shifts is the uneven dynamics of the elements
of the structural structure of the economic system. In themselves, the contradictions between the
elements of the structural structure are a source of improvement and development of the
structure: a change in one of the elements of the structural structure is immediately balanced by
its opposite. Thus, a step-by-step evolutionary process of development occurs. At a certain stage
of development, a situation arises in which the actively initiated changes are not covered by
corresponding changes that have a reverse effect due to the presence of breaks within the
framework of the structural structure itself.
Figure 1. Factors to improve the structural structure of the economy.
At this time, a shift occurs that qualitatively changes the face of the economic system as a whole
and the structural structure of the economy; a new period of equilibrium begins. “Today we are
moving towards the path of innovative development aimed at radically renewing all spheres of
state and social life. This is not without reason, of course. Because in the current era, when time
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is developing rapidly, who will win? The state that relies on new thinking, new ideas, and
innovation will win” [1].
The resolution of the main contradiction of structural shifts in the economy implies the negation
of the previously existing relations between the opposing sides. This process is continuous, since
the emergence of a new structural structure means the negation of the old one. One of the
specific factors in improving the structural structure of the economy is the cyclical processes in
the economy. “The cyclical nature of a market economy is that it develops through ups and
downs, that is, its growth is in a wave-like form” [6].
In the economic literature, cyclical fluctuations are distinguished by their factors, duration and
socio-economic consequences. Each of the economic cycles has a significant impact on the pace
and nature of structural changes. Economic cycles and crises are characteristic of all socio-
economic systems, including the national and world economy. N.D. Kondratyev made a
significant contribution to the study of economic cycles in practical terms. Among modern
studies on the cyclical development of the economy, it is worth noting S.Yu. Glazyev's “Theory
of Long-Term Technical and Economic Development”.
According to him, the development of the economy occurs through a gradual and gradual
replacement of technological structures. At each stage of development, the main core of the
technological structure is distinguished separately. In the initial period of the technological
structure's establishment, each of them uses the old infrastructure, and the formation of its own
infrastructure occurs as the new structure establishes its dominance in the basic sectors of the
economy and, in turn, displaces the previous one.
Today, the fifth technological order, which has reached the last stages of its development, is
being replaced by the sixth. This process is manifested in the form of a structural and financial
crisis that has engulfed the leading countries of the world, accompanied by a sharp increase and
subsequent decline in prices for energy and other raw materials. In addition, the current crisis in
the world economy is also taking place in the context of the collapse of the financial pyramid of
debt obligations of world currency issuers and the liquidation of “financial bubbles” from
derivatives on stock markets, one of the various manifestations of which is oil contracts.
Another factor that is no less significant in terms of structural shifts in the economy, associated
with the increasing openness of the economy, the development of information and
communication technologies, etc., is the globalization processes, the scope of which is explained
by international specialization in the world market and reflected in changes in exports and
imports, balance of payments and foreign trade, etc. Modern globalization processes have a
significant impact on the structural structure of the national economy, and this impact is growing
day by day.
Another factor in improving the structural structure of the economy is state economic policy,
which is reflected in legislation, as well as in other forms and methods of government influence.
The main goal of state regulation of the economy is to prevent stagnation on the basis of
achieving economic balance, ensure sustainable growth of social production, create opportunities
for the development of the national economy, and also achieve social balance between different
segments of the population [4].
If the economic policy of the state encourages progressive structural changes in the economy,
then it is considered effective, if it is an obstacle to objective economic development, it is
naturally considered ineffective.
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Thus, in our opinion, the factors for improving the structural structure of the national economy
include the transition to an innovative economy, scientific and technical progress, changes in
ownership relations and division of labor, development of the system of social needs, cyclical
processes in the economy, globalization processes, and state economic policy.
Used literature
1. Mirziyoyev Sh.M. Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat
Mirziyoyev to the Oliy Majlis. T. // Word of the People, December 23, 2017.
2. Vakhobov A.V. Modernization of the economy of Uzbekistan and implementation of
structural changes as a factor of sustainable economic growth. Strengthening the stability and
proportionality of the economy of Uzbekistan is a priority task of today. Materials of the
Republican Scientific and Practical Conference. T. 2009. September.-P.6.
3. Juraev T. Economic Theory. (Textbook). –T.: “Science and Technology”, 2017, -P.68. 4.
Abulkasimov H., et al. Sustainable growth of the living standards of the population in
Uzbekistan. T.: “Academy”. 2011.-P.45.
4. Olmasov A., Vahabov A. Economic theory. Textbook. TDIU.-T.: “Economic Finance”, 2014,-
B. 291.
5. Anarbayev, O.I. Innovations in Military Education as a Condition for Forming Professional
Competence./O.I. Anarbayev//International Journal of Economy and innovation. ISSN: 2545-
0573. 2024.
6. Anarbayev, O.I. The role and role of our historical, spiritual and cultural heritage in patriotic
education of youth: / O.I. Anarbayev // Best journal of innovation in science, research and
development. ISSN: 2835-3579. 2024.
