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ACCOUNTING IN CONSTRUCTION ORGANIZATIONS IN UZBEKISTAN
Qurbonova Sitora Vahobjon kizi
Tashkent state university of economics,
Faculty of finance and accounting, bachelor
Abstract:
This article analyzes the features of accounting of construction organizations in the
Republic of Uzbekistan. The role of the construction industry in the economy, the main areas of
accounting, as well as the procedure for maintaining accounting on the basis of current
regulatory legal acts are covered. In the construction process, it is important to accurately take
into account the costs of material resources, labor and services, distribute costs on objects and
determine profitability. The article also discusses the problems encountered in accounting and
the ways to solve them, and the role of digital technologies and automated applications. The
study concludes with practical recommendations aimed at increasing financial management in
the field of construction in Uzbekistan, forming a transparent and reliable accounting system.
Keywords:
construction accounting, accounting, expenses, estimate, financial control,
Uzbekistan, balance sheet, income, digital reporting, economic efficient
Introduction
Accounting in construction and contracting organizations in Uzbekistan practical measures to
improve accounting and audit 2020 of the president of the Republic of Uzbekistan The
construction network of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated November 27 modernization, rapid
and innovative development .Approval of its strategy for 2021-2025 urban planning activities in
the decree"on PF-6119" effectiveness of administrative procedures in the field of, ensuring
rationality and transparency, as well as construction improving the efficiency of the activities of
network organizations"the function is defined. This is the case in construction-contracting
organizations rethinking approaches to the field of accounting and auditing presupposes
consideration. After all, in construction-contracting organizations efficiency of activity through
rational use of resources the mechanisms of Organization of accounting and audit in increasing
improvement is a period requirement.In construction-contracting organizations from the audit of
processes related to accounting there is a great need for transfer. In particular, international
auditing collect audit evidence based on standards, assets taking into account the processes
associated with depreciation correct assessment of audit risk, to the degree of reliability of
evidence due to proper classification, processes associated with depreciation it is important to
properly organize the audit.
Accordingly, in this article, the processes of organizing accounting in construction
organizations were studied.
Literature review
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Before writing this article, I studied and analyzed the scientific work of a number of professors,
teachers in this area.Accounting in the field of construction is a complex and multi-stage process,
scientific and practical research on this area, as well as regulatory documents, are always
relevant.
The law on accounting of the Republic of Uzbekistan (in the new edition, January 4, 2021)-
this law establishes the general principles of accounting, the obligations of the entities and the
criteria for preparing financial statements. Construction organizations also maintain accounts
under this law.
PQ-4611 of the president of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February 24, 2020 is a decision
aimed at “improving public management in the construction sector”and emphasizes
strengthening accounting and control systems in the sector.
Nasrullaeva D. (2022). "Forms of financial reporting in construction organizations and their
specifics.– - the article analyzes the problems in the formation of profit and loss reports in
construction organizations and the importance of accounting policies.
Jabborov M., Karimova S. (2021). "Specifics of accounting for production costs in
construction."- the study covers the issues of production costs substances, their correct
accounting and comparison with the estimate.
The procedure for drawing up cost estimates for construction work approved by the Ministry of
Finance of the Republic of Uzbekistan (2020)-this document is an important practical resource
when accounting for construction costs.
Khodjayeva Z. (2023). "The role of automated systems in accounting in construction.– - the
article analyzes the advantages of digital technologies in simplifying calculations.
Tursunov B. (2020). "Adaptation of construction accounting in the conditions of Uzbekistan to
International Financial Reporting Standards."- the article shows the differences between
international and national accounting systems.
Decisions of the State Tax Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Ministry of Finance
on tax reports (2021-2024) – these documents directly affect the taxation and accounting of
construction organizations.
Results.
The construction sector is one of the leading and strategic sectors of the economy of Uzbekistan.
In recent years, this sector has become more important due to the acceleration of the urbanization
process in the country, the increase in the number of inhabitants and the increased need for social
infrastructure. The construction serves not only to form modern cities, but also to improve the
living conditions of the population, increase production capacity and develop a service network.
As a result of the reforms carried out in the country, housing construction is being carried out on
a large scale. In particular, the construction of affordable and high-quality housing for the
population in need of social protection by the state serves to increase the standard of living of the
population. High-rise residential buildings, new massifs, new suburbs are being built. This is the
reason for the creation of jobs not only in construction, but also in other industries close to it.In
addition, major infrastructure projects are being built – roads, bridges, Metropolitan lines, power
lines, drinking water systems, sewers and other important facilities. The construction of objects
of the social sphere – school, kindergarten, hospital, culture and sports facilities-creates the
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necessary conditions for the quality of life of the population. The construction sector is also
stimulating the economy through the construction of industrial facilities – factories and factories,
logistics centers and other manufacturing infrastructure.
This sector contributes significantly to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Uzbekistan. The
activities of enterprises producing building materials are becoming more active, along with the
domestic market, the export potential is increasing.
The growth picture of the construction industry and the dynamics of its share in GDP
Share in GDP
Growth rate
Source: Prepared on the basis of data from the statistics committee.
In addition, thousands of new jobs are being created through construction, which is an important
factor in ensuring social stability.
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Source:
https://review.uz/uz/post/faol-bandlik-siyosati-iqtisodiy-barqarorlik-va-kuchli-ijtimoiy-
The National economy as defined by the Ministry of economy and industry according to the
classifier of networks of construction organizations separate types are allocated the following
network codes:
60,000
-
construction
;
61000
-
construction, installation and installation in the contract and farm method
other general construction and specialization of work organizations;
62,000
–
buildings and structures for the purpose of production organizations performing
overhaul
;
63,000
–
building with a non-production purpose and repair of structures, living quarters
according to the order of the population organizations that perform repair and construction
work;
65,000
–
organizations performing drilling operations
;
66000
-project, Project-Search and search organizations
;
69,000
– civil engineering departments of construction
.
As economic entities of construction organizations can be classified by different signs.
Construction organizations according to their property form and legal status Open Joint Stock
Companies (JSC), limited liability Societies (LLC), private enterprises (firms) and public unitary
there may be Enterprises. Construction in this status it is in our republic to establish
organizations and maintain their activities the law on economic entities of the type vakonosti
documents, as well as the founding of these organizations it is carried out on the basis of
documents.
Even according to the name, construction organizations are Turlich. Their most common name
moving is a mechanized column (CMK–PMK). Construction their construction on the basis of
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giving such a name to organizations, its activities directly related to construction installation and
other work special moving technique in the places ordered their implementation using tools,
machines and mechanisms lies. In addition, private construction in the construction network firm,
subsidiary construction enterprise, construction company, construction there are also business
entities in names such as trust. Network of construction organizations according to the scope of
operation and is divided into inter-network construction organizations. Network construction
organizations own in separate derived branches of the national economy operate. According to
the specialization of construction organizations special and are universal organizations. For
example, construction metro construction of organizations, home construction, road construction,
bridge there are special specialized types of construction and other similar. Some construction
companies (trusts) are multidisciplinary, namely are universal organizations.
What are the tasks of accounting in construction organizations?
Accounting in construction organizations functions construction, construction and installation
directly performed by them, installation, expansion, reconstruction of equipment, the
peculiarity of landscaping, capital and current repair work derived from its properties. Project-
estimate of these works the fact that it is carried out in accordance with its documents and the
established norm in this and control whether procedures are followed, to construction work
correct and timely documentation of expenses incurred, they are building processes on the basis
of synthetic and analytical accountingcorrect determination of the value of unfinished
construction work, completed accurate assessment and calculation of the value of works,
reporting them introduction based on the principle of calculation on the income of the period,
ensuring that the calculations are carried out on time accounting these are the most important
tasks facing the account. Features of construction work in construction organizations their as
well as before the account of the sources of Organization of this property puts important tasks.
Chunonchi, basic tools account and the reporting system is a special one that is expensive in the
structure of these assets equipment various mechanical and electrical equipment, trucks,
condition and movement of special buildings and structures, their work more about activities,
depreciation and other aspects should give information. The execution of construction work
within the specified deadlines is relevant timely arrival of building materials on construction
sites to fall, the presence, idol of the limit approved on them and directly depends on the quality.
In addition, the coming correctly assess the value (cost) of materials, they calculate one way or
another, the evaluation of construction work to the cost, the income and payable from their
performance direct impact on taxes, the net profit of the construction organization shows. All
these materials in construction organizations before accounting they correctly assess the value,
the condition of the materials and to carry out continuous control over the movement, to the
input and output correct and timely registration of documents related to these riches in
accordance with the established procedure of warehouse and accounting registers puts an
important task like keeping. Large amounts of funds according to the size and value of
construction work is a demanding activity. Therefore, the construction work timely and high-
quality execution of their financing directly related to the availability of its sources. Construction
work, usually, prepayment and subsequent payments received from the customer, as well as the
contractor organization's own funds or they it is made in return for bank loans received by.
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Accounting in the accounting policy of construction organizations the chosen form of
organization, as well as in this form
internal regulatory that regulates the performance of accounting work the system of documents is
determined. Internal regulatory documents are usually, accounting regulations, of chief
accountants and accountants requirements for professional skills, among accountants distribution
of functional obligations, employment contracts, with specialized accounting firms or audit
organizations are concluded contracts. The availability of these internal regulatory documents
and their observance are the main features of accounting it is important to be properly organized
and maintained. Accounting Journal-order in construction organizations,
memorial-order, head-Journal and in one of the compactified forms based on manual or modern
computer technology can be maintained without. Most construction at the moment Journal-order
form as an account form used in organizations.
Discussion
Accounting in the construction sector in Uzbekistan is considered more complex and
comprehensive in comparison with other areas. This is primarily due to the long duration of the
construction process, the combination of different stages, and the large number of types of costs.
In the course of the study, it is found that as the main accounting problems in many construction
organizations, the following stand out:
lack of a systematic approach to accurate cost accounting;
failure of calculations to take place on time;
incomplete introduction of automated accounting programs;
difficulties in adapting to International Financial Reporting Standards.
Also, the main parts of accounting — general management accounting, project costs, equipment
costs — require special attention. Keeping them in time and correctly has a direct impact on the
effectiveness of construction processes.
In the course of the discussion, it turns out that in recent years in Uzbekistan, important steps
have been taken to digitize the accounting system. However, in territorial organizations, this
process is slow. Many small and medium-sized enterprises still rely on old-fashioned manual
calculations. This leads to errors and delays.In addition, while there is a valid legislative
framework, it is considered important to improve the qualifications of specialists in its full and
correct application in practice. Also, the lack of a unified methodology for drawing up an
estimate, analyzing costs and taxation is causing some problems.Therefore, accounting systems
should be organized on the basis of modern programs, adapted to international standards,
transparent and understandable. Such an approach not only increases the accuracy of financial
statements, but also serves to strengthen investment confidence.
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Conclusion
In conclusion, accounting in construction organizations plays an important role not only in the
effective implementation of financial discipline, but also in the effective implementation of the
entire project management. The construction industry is characterized by its complexity, long-
term projects and costs arising at different stages. Therefore, it is necessary that the calculations
are accurate, systematic and comply with modern standards.Although a number of laws and
decisions have been adopted in this direction in Uzbekistan, for their full implementation there is
a need for practical work, in particular, the widespread introduction of information technology
into the accounting system, improving staff skills and studying international experience. In
particular, modern approaches are required to correctly forecast expenses and income, manage
them effectively, draw up an estimate and maintain tax accounting.
On this basis, the transparency and reliability of accounting not only ensures the financial
stability of the organization, but also plays an important role for the entire economic system. In
the future, if reforms in this area are deepened, the competitiveness and compliance with world
standards of the construction industry in Uzbekistan will increase significantly.
References
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