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ANALYSIS OF RESTORATION PRACTICES OF UZBEK ARCHITECTS AND FOLK
CRAFTSMEN
Allaberdiyev Shoberdi
Uzbekistan-Finland Pedagogical Institute, 1st-year Master's Student
Keywords:
Restoration, conservation, architectural monument, repair techniques, folk craftsmen,
history of architecture, cultural heritage, theoretical and methodological approach, school of
restoration, Uzbek architecture.
Abstract:
This study examines the practical experience of architectural scholars and folk
craftsmen in the processes of preserving and rehabilitating architectural monuments across
Uzbekistan. It analyzes the theoretical and methodological frameworks employed in restoration
and conservation, highlighting their integration with local traditions. Special attention is paid to
major restoration projects carried out since the second half of the 20th century, including profiles
of prominent specialists, craftsmen, and institutions active in this domain. The findings of the
research outline the scientific foundation of the national school of restoration that has emerged in
Uzbekistan, elucidate its contemporary relevance, and assess future development potential.
In the early 20th century, several prominent architectural monuments and historical sites in
Uzbekistan were designated public patrimony and placed under state protection. In 1920, the
“Turkomstaris Committee for the Protection of Monuments of Antiquity, Art, and Nature” was
established to scientifically study and coordinate restoration activities related to these
monuments. This organization later became known as “Sredazkomstaris,” and subsequently
“Uzkomstaris.”
On 8 March 1923, the Council of People's Commissars of Turkestan adopted a declaration “On
the Registration and Documentation of Ancient and Artistic Monuments.” Under the guidance of
Turkomstaris and its scholars, initial conservation registers of architectural monuments were
created. During this phase, specialists such as V.L. Vyatkin, M.F. Mauer, M.E. Masson, B.I.
Zasipkin, and A.P. Udalenkov conducted measurement surveys and condition assessments of
historical sites. In addition, artists like I.S. Kazakov, A.V. Isupov, and M.V. Stolyarov made
significant contributions to documentary efforts through visual and written documentation.
Local craftsmen and practical building specialists were involved in the restoration work —
Abduqodir Boqiev, Shirin Murodov, Yusufali Musayev, Bolta Juraev, Jalol Juraev, and Kuli
Jalilov. Also, highly skilled masters in decorative tiling and restoration were brought in,
including Shamsiddin G‘ofurov, Akram Umarov, Ota Polvonov, Mirhamid Yunusov, and
Toshpulat Arslonqulov.
At that time, several monuments had been neglected for a long period, had fallen into ruin, and
were no longer usable. Therefore, the top priority was to preserve the main structural parts of the
monuments that were in danger of collapse.
Through the direct participation of local people's Masters in the process of this activity, the
National School of restavrasiya was formed in Uzbekistan. Certain traditions, rules and styles
have arisen regarding the repair of monuments, Canning, strengthening from an engineering
point of view.
The scientific methodology and theoretical foundation for the repair of architectural monuments
in Uzbekistan is a well-known scientist, an expert in the field of architecture B.I. Created by
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zasipkin. His many years of observations and practical experience are embodied in a number of
scientific sources.
In the second half of the 20th century, the process of realizing the artistic and architectural
heritage of the peoples of Uzbekistan is characterized by a continuous rise. Especially in the
1960s and 1970s, a number of important works were carried out on the restoration and
restoration of architectural monuments in the city of Samarkand:
The north-east tower of ulughbek madrasa (15th century) was restored. With a height of 32.7
meters, this tower was in a deviation position and was in danger of collapse. In 1932, after three
years of preparation, the restoration of the tower began. Restoration process engineer M.F. Under
Mauer's leadership, V.G. It was carried out on the basis of Shukhov's kinematic scheme. The
tower was restored by the" center of gravity shift " method.
In 1965, Muslim poet Emmanuel Mendelevich Handel opened a giant ball minor organ in
Madras. This minaret has been preserved to this day and was restored during the restoration in
Samarkand.
In 1972, E. M. Handel painted the Northwest Minaret of the Bibi-Eibat mosque. In 1969, during
the restoration work in the Mazkur mosque, the supporting structures of the mosque, Hussein, as-
Pest, darshon and others were restored.
In the 1970s, reconstruction was carried out on Independence Square in honor of the 525th
anniversary of the birth of the great poet Alisher Navoi. During this period, the madras mosques
of Ulugbek, Sherdor and Ainis Tillakori were restored. Architects Ibrahim Shermukhammedov,
Anvar Kuliyev, Abdugakfor Kakulov, Abdugakfor Kakulov, Marmarali Karimbek Oblokulov,
Uzbekiston Kadoni Mirumar Asadov, restorers R. Yunusov, A. Fattaev, M. Makhmudov, E.
Nurullaev, G. Mukhammedov, Kuli Toirov, Olim Komilov, Sadullo Akhmedov and others.
In 1983, he graduated from the Tashkent State Theater and Art Institute with a degree in
Architecture, qualifying as a specialist restorer. In the mid-1980s, the Uzbek Architectural and
Artistic Workshop was established under the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The research and Design Institute "Uzbek Science", founded in 1979 in Tashkent, has become an
important Center in the Republic in the field of repair, protection and adaptation of architectural
monuments. During its existence, the institute has developed and implemented projects for the
restoration of many architectural monuments not only in Uzbekistan, but throughout Central
Asia.
However, due to the economic difficulties that arose in the early period of independence, the
activities of this institute were terminated in 2003. And in 2004, on the basis of it, the Stock
Company “repair Science” was founded.
The 21st century Boshlarida (2001-2006 A.D.) city of Samarkand needed restoration and
conservation of monuments. In particular, Mabainida Shahizinda mazhmuasi, Hazrat Khizr
Masjidi, Bibikhonim Masjidi, Registan mazhmuasidagi airim objectlar, Mirzo Ulugbek
Observatory, Imam al-Bukhari Mazhmuasi, Imam Al-Moturidiyga on cultural heritage sites,
Makhdumi Khorezm Mahalla Masjidi, Kush Hovuz, Huzha Daniel, Huzha Ahror Wali are listed
here. Majmualari, King of Devonbeckia, repaired The madrasah was built and renovated by
Mosslashtirish Ishlari Bazharildi.
2007 - restoration of the mausoleum of Yilda Oqsaroy, gold miner of the madrasa mosque and
keeper of the mausoleum of Katta Hajmdag Ishlari amalga oshirildi. In 2009, Ishlar olib borildi
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was repaired and strengthened in the Sherdor and Ulugbek madrasahs, Rukh-Abad madrasah and
Jami 25 facilities.
Types of repair used in architectural monuments architectural monument repair works are mainly
divided into the following five types:
Correction (remont) – includes simple construction and technical work. In the process, work is
carried out such as opening existing parts, replacing sufficiently eroded areas.
Canning (hardening) – is carried out in order to preserve the monument in its existing state,
prevent its further absorption and bring it to the future generation in an idol form.
Repair-restoration work-this method implies the restoration of the previously approved state of
the monument, including correction and canning. This type of repair, often called partial (jozey)
or fragmentary restoration.
At the same time, as with executions carried out in other countries, crimes such as mass murder
can only be committed if they were committed within a certain period of time, the cost of
executions can be significantly reduced, and the cost of executions can be significantly reduced
depending on the circumstances.. Tuldirish (reconstruction) is a district of Yetishmatgan in the
north of England. Bunda Yangidan tried to highlight the elements of the tarikhno-architectural
object with original details as a special Belgilov style-signalization. These are mainly the color
and texture of ajratiladi; especially the archaeological sites are koulaniladi.
Scientific conclusion: Uzbek architect, scientist and People's Architect Tomonian amalga
oshirilgan analyzed the construction work, each necessary repair of the monument first of all
requires clarification of details. However, they cannot be used as fuel, but can be used as fuel.
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