Authors

  • Shoberdi Allaberdiyev
    Uzbekistan-Finland Pedagogical Institute

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71337/inlibrary.uz.jasss.121503

Abstract

This study examines the practical experience of architectural scholars and folk craftsmen in the processes of preserving and rehabilitating architectural monuments across Uzbekistan. It analyzes the theoretical and methodological frameworks employed in restoration and conservation, highlighting their integration with local traditions. Special attention is paid to major restoration projects carried out since the second half of the 20th century, including profiles of prominent specialists, craftsmen, and institutions active in this domain. The findings of the research outline the scientific foundation of the national school of restoration that has emerged in Uzbekistan, elucidate its contemporary relevance, and assess future development potential

 

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ANALYSIS OF RESTORATION PRACTICES OF UZBEK ARCHITECTS AND FOLK

CRAFTSMEN

Allaberdiyev Shoberdi

Uzbekistan-Finland Pedagogical Institute, 1st-year Master's Student

Keywords:

Restoration, conservation, architectural monument, repair techniques, folk craftsmen,

history of architecture, cultural heritage, theoretical and methodological approach, school of

restoration, Uzbek architecture.

Abstract:

This study examines the practical experience of architectural scholars and folk

craftsmen in the processes of preserving and rehabilitating architectural monuments across

Uzbekistan. It analyzes the theoretical and methodological frameworks employed in restoration

and conservation, highlighting their integration with local traditions. Special attention is paid to

major restoration projects carried out since the second half of the 20th century, including profiles

of prominent specialists, craftsmen, and institutions active in this domain. The findings of the

research outline the scientific foundation of the national school of restoration that has emerged in

Uzbekistan, elucidate its contemporary relevance, and assess future development potential.

In the early 20th century, several prominent architectural monuments and historical sites in

Uzbekistan were designated public patrimony and placed under state protection. In 1920, the

“Turkomstaris Committee for the Protection of Monuments of Antiquity, Art, and Nature” was

established to scientifically study and coordinate restoration activities related to these

monuments. This organization later became known as “Sredazkomstaris,” and subsequently

“Uzkomstaris.”

On 8 March 1923, the Council of People's Commissars of Turkestan adopted a declaration “On

the Registration and Documentation of Ancient and Artistic Monuments.” Under the guidance of

Turkomstaris and its scholars, initial conservation registers of architectural monuments were

created. During this phase, specialists such as V.L. Vyatkin, M.F. Mauer, M.E. Masson, B.I.

Zasipkin, and A.P. Udalenkov conducted measurement surveys and condition assessments of

historical sites. In addition, artists like I.S. Kazakov, A.V. Isupov, and M.V. Stolyarov made

significant contributions to documentary efforts through visual and written documentation.

Local craftsmen and practical building specialists were involved in the restoration work —

Abduqodir Boqiev, Shirin Murodov, Yusufali Musayev, Bolta Juraev, Jalol Juraev, and Kuli

Jalilov. Also, highly skilled masters in decorative tiling and restoration were brought in,

including Shamsiddin G‘ofurov, Akram Umarov, Ota Polvonov, Mirhamid Yunusov, and

Toshpulat Arslonqulov.

At that time, several monuments had been neglected for a long period, had fallen into ruin, and

were no longer usable. Therefore, the top priority was to preserve the main structural parts of the

monuments that were in danger of collapse.

Through the direct participation of local people's Masters in the process of this activity, the

National School of restavrasiya was formed in Uzbekistan. Certain traditions, rules and styles

have arisen regarding the repair of monuments, Canning, strengthening from an engineering

point of view.

The scientific methodology and theoretical foundation for the repair of architectural monuments

in Uzbekistan is a well-known scientist, an expert in the field of architecture B.I. Created by


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zasipkin. His many years of observations and practical experience are embodied in a number of

scientific sources.

In the second half of the 20th century, the process of realizing the artistic and architectural

heritage of the peoples of Uzbekistan is characterized by a continuous rise. Especially in the

1960s and 1970s, a number of important works were carried out on the restoration and

restoration of architectural monuments in the city of Samarkand:

The north-east tower of ulughbek madrasa (15th century) was restored. With a height of 32.7

meters, this tower was in a deviation position and was in danger of collapse. In 1932, after three

years of preparation, the restoration of the tower began. Restoration process engineer M.F. Under

Mauer's leadership, V.G. It was carried out on the basis of Shukhov's kinematic scheme. The

tower was restored by the" center of gravity shift " method.

In 1965, Muslim poet Emmanuel Mendelevich Handel opened a giant ball minor organ in

Madras. This minaret has been preserved to this day and was restored during the restoration in

Samarkand.

In 1972, E. M. Handel painted the Northwest Minaret of the Bibi-Eibat mosque. In 1969, during

the restoration work in the Mazkur mosque, the supporting structures of the mosque, Hussein, as-

Pest, darshon and others were restored.

In the 1970s, reconstruction was carried out on Independence Square in honor of the 525th

anniversary of the birth of the great poet Alisher Navoi. During this period, the madras mosques

of Ulugbek, Sherdor and Ainis Tillakori were restored. Architects Ibrahim Shermukhammedov,

Anvar Kuliyev, Abdugakfor Kakulov, Abdugakfor Kakulov, Marmarali Karimbek Oblokulov,

Uzbekiston Kadoni Mirumar Asadov, restorers R. Yunusov, A. Fattaev, M. Makhmudov, E.

Nurullaev, G. Mukhammedov, Kuli Toirov, Olim Komilov, Sadullo Akhmedov and others.

In 1983, he graduated from the Tashkent State Theater and Art Institute with a degree in

Architecture, qualifying as a specialist restorer. In the mid-1980s, the Uzbek Architectural and

Artistic Workshop was established under the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

The research and Design Institute "Uzbek Science", founded in 1979 in Tashkent, has become an

important Center in the Republic in the field of repair, protection and adaptation of architectural

monuments. During its existence, the institute has developed and implemented projects for the

restoration of many architectural monuments not only in Uzbekistan, but throughout Central

Asia.

However, due to the economic difficulties that arose in the early period of independence, the

activities of this institute were terminated in 2003. And in 2004, on the basis of it, the Stock

Company “repair Science” was founded.

The 21st century Boshlarida (2001-2006 A.D.) city of Samarkand needed restoration and

conservation of monuments. In particular, Mabainida Shahizinda mazhmuasi, Hazrat Khizr

Masjidi, Bibikhonim Masjidi, Registan mazhmuasidagi airim objectlar, Mirzo Ulugbek

Observatory, Imam al-Bukhari Mazhmuasi, Imam Al-Moturidiyga on cultural heritage sites,

Makhdumi Khorezm Mahalla Masjidi, Kush Hovuz, Huzha Daniel, Huzha Ahror Wali are listed

here. Majmualari, King of Devonbeckia, repaired The madrasah was built and renovated by

Mosslashtirish Ishlari Bazharildi.

2007 - restoration of the mausoleum of Yilda Oqsaroy, gold miner of the madrasa mosque and

keeper of the mausoleum of Katta Hajmdag Ishlari amalga oshirildi. In 2009, Ishlar olib borildi


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was repaired and strengthened in the Sherdor and Ulugbek madrasahs, Rukh-Abad madrasah and

Jami 25 facilities.

Types of repair used in architectural monuments architectural monument repair works are mainly

divided into the following five types:

Correction (remont) – includes simple construction and technical work. In the process, work is

carried out such as opening existing parts, replacing sufficiently eroded areas.

Canning (hardening) – is carried out in order to preserve the monument in its existing state,

prevent its further absorption and bring it to the future generation in an idol form.

Repair-restoration work-this method implies the restoration of the previously approved state of

the monument, including correction and canning. This type of repair, often called partial (jozey)

or fragmentary restoration.

At the same time, as with executions carried out in other countries, crimes such as mass murder

can only be committed if they were committed within a certain period of time, the cost of

executions can be significantly reduced, and the cost of executions can be significantly reduced

depending on the circumstances.. Tuldirish (reconstruction) is a district of Yetishmatgan in the

north of England. Bunda Yangidan tried to highlight the elements of the tarikhno-architectural

object with original details as a special Belgilov style-signalization. These are mainly the color

and texture of ajratiladi; especially the archaeological sites are koulaniladi.

Scientific conclusion: Uzbek architect, scientist and People's Architect Tomonian amalga

oshirilgan analyzed the construction work, each necessary repair of the monument first of all

requires clarification of details. However, they cannot be used as fuel, but can be used as fuel.

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Volume 15 Issue 06, June 2025

Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023:

6.995, 2024 7.75

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Akhmedov J. Using AutoCAD software in the field of construction. - Tashkent: "Technosphere", 2020. - 180 p.

GOST 21.101-2020. System of design documentation for construction (SPDS): Basic requirements for design and working documentation.

Yusupov B.Sh., Kasimov S.M. Basics of computer graphics and design. - Tashkent: TATU publishing house, 2021. - 208 p.

Khodjaev Sh. Computer technologies in architecture and construction. - Tashkent: Mukhandis, 2022. - 176 p.

Autodesk Inc. AutoCAD User Guide – www.autodesk.com (official website).

Revit Documentation. BIM Modeling for Construction Education. - Autodesk Knowledge Network, 2021.

Mirzaev A. Graphical programs and opportunities for their use in education. // Journal of Pedagogical Sciences, No. 4, 2022. – B. 45–51.

Nurmatov U. Improvement of education based on modern information technologies. - Tashkent: "Innovation", 2021. - 190 p.

International scientific journal: Engineering Graphics and CAD Technologies in Education, Vol. 8, No. 3, 2023. – ISSN 2409-0171.

Buronov, O., & Nurmanov, Z. G. (2024). The development of the oil and gas industry in Kashkadarya during the Soviet era.

Buronov, O., & Nurmanov, Z. G. (2024). Socio-economic and cultural life of Kashkadarya in the 1920s–early 21st century (The case of Kasan district).Analysis of Modern Science and Innovation, 1(2).

Buronov, O., & Kasimjonova, R. F. The shrines of Kitab District–Symbols of our national heritage.Modern Problems in Education and Their Scientific Approaches, 104-111.

Murodullaevich, B. O. (2024). The fight against infectious diseases of Uzbekistan on experience.Western European Journal of Historical Events and Social Science, 2(4), 93-97.

Boranov, O.State policy aimed at increasing the capacity of medical personnel in rural medical centers. Looking back. No. 7.2023.

Buronov, O. (2025). Changes In The Murobak Gas Processing Plant In The Years Of Independence.Zien Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 40, 62-67.

Buronov, O., & Davronov, U. B. (2025). Administrative-territorial division and demographic indicators of Samarkand during the years of independence.International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 1(1), 405-409.

Buronov, O., & Davronov, U. B. (2025). History of modern construction and urban development in Samarkand region during the years of independence.International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 1(1), 410-414.

Buronov, O. (2025). SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN UZBEKISTAN IN THE 40-80-IES OF THE XX CENTURY.BRIDGING THE GAP: EDUCATION AND SCIENCE FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, 1(1), 1160-1168.

Murodullaevich, B. O. (2025). THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND HOUSEHOLD FACTORS ON THE HEALTH OF THE POPULATION IN RURAL PLACES IN UZBEKISTAN (50-80S OF XX CENTURY).International Scientific Journal, 2(1), 52-58.

Buronov, O. (2021). ETAPY REALIZATSII OZDOROVITELNYX MEROPRIYATIY V SELSKOY MESTNOSTI (1991-2021 GG.). In PSYCHOLOGY I PEDAGOGIKA 2021 (pp. 22-26).

Boronov, O. History of medical prevention and sanitary-epidemiological stability in rural areas.Journal of Social Sciences, 1(02).

Buronov, O., & Abdulla, B. (2025). LIBRARIES DURING THE TIMURID ERA AND THEIR SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE.EDUCATION AND RESEARCH IN THE ERA OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION, 1(2), 3658-3664.

Buronov, O., & Tursunov, A. (2025). SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL LIFE OF SAMARKAND REGION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF NURABAD DISTRICT).BRIDGING THE GAP: EDUCATION AND SCIENCE FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, 1(1), 1781-1788.