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http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass
723
THE MAIN PART OF THE ELECTRIC MOTOR-RELAY
Alimova Nargiza Abdirakhimovna
Fergana senior teacher of the Department of Information
Technology and energy of the District Service
and Service Technical School
Annotation:
this article briefly discusses the history of the creation of the relay, which is
considered the main part of the elector rueilms, and general concepts about it.
Keywords:
electricity, relay, voltage, current transfer.
Relay electrically controlled replacement equipment. It consists of a set of input terminals for
one or more control signals and a set of operating contact terminals. Equipment l can have any
number of contacts in several contact forms, such as setting up contacts, disconnecting contacts,
or a combination of them. In 1809 Samuel Thomas Von Sömmerring created an electrolytic relay
as part of his electrochemical Telegraph. Electric relays began to be used to further refine
telegraphy, with the American scientist Joseph Henry often said to have invented the
electromagnetic relay in 1835 to improve his own version of the electrical telegraph developed in
1831. However, it was not until 1840 that Samuel
Morse was granted an official patent for his
Telegraph, now called electromagnet relays. The
described mechanism played the role of a digital
amplifier, repeated the telegraph signal and thus
made it possible to distribute the signals as desired.
The word electronmagnetic relay appears in the
context of electromagnetic operations from 1860.
A typical electromagnetic relay consists of a wire
wrapped around a soft iron core (solenoid), an iron
fairing providing a low-resistance magnetic flux
path, a moving iron yakor, and one or more sets of contacts. (two of them are in the photo). The
Yakor is connected to the Yarmo by a sharnir and is mechanically connected to one or more sets
of moving contacts. The Yakor is held by a spring, so when the relay is de-energized, an air gap
appears in the magnetic circuit. In this case, one of the two sets of contacts in the relay shown in
the figure is closed, and the other is open. Other relays may have more or less contacts
depending on their tasks. The relay in the picture also has a wire connecting the yakor to the
Yara. This ensures the continuity of the circuit path on the circuit board(PCB), which is printed
through the moving contacts and slit on the yakor. Relays are used where circuit control is
required by independent low-power signals, or where multiple circuits need to be controlled by a
single signal. Relays were first used as signal repeaters in Interurban Telegraph chains, meaning
that signals were updated and reached by transmission from one circuit to another. Relay was
widely used in telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations. The
traditional form of a Relay uses an electromagnet to close or open contacts, but other operating
principles used by relays have also been created. For example, the control properties of a
semiconductor in solid-state(solid-state) relays without relying on moving parts. Relay calibrated
operating features and sometimes complex operating catushkas are used to protect electrical
Volume 15 Issue 06, June 2025
Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023:
6.995, 2024 7.75
http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass
724
circuits from excessive force or malfunctions.
In modern electrical energy systems, these
functions are still performed through digital
instruments called protective relays.
Since relays are wiklyuchatels, the terminology
that applies to wiklyuchatels also applies to
relays. For example: the relay changes one or
more poles, each contact of which can be
thrown by powering the katushka. Normally
Open (no) contacts usually cause contacts to
bind when the relay is activated; the circuit is
disconnected when the relay is inactive.
Typically a circuit break occurs when the
Normally Closed(NC) contacts relay is
activated; the circuit is connected when the
relay is inactive. All forms of communication
include a combination of NO and NC
conn
ectio
ns.
The
Natio
nal
Asso
ciatio
n of
relay
manu
facturers and its descendant, the relay and
Switch Industry Association, define 23 separate
electrical communication forms located in relays and wiklyuchatels. Of these, the following are
frequent
SPST-NO
(Single-Pole Single-Throw, Normally-Open) relay has a single Form a contact. They
have two terminals that can be connected or turned off. For Katushka, it will be possible to
include two. Such a relay has a total of four terminals.
SPST-NC
(Single-Pole Single-Throw, Normally-Closed) relays have a single From B or break
contact. Like the
SPST-NO
relay, such a relay has a total of four terminals.
SPDT
(single pole double throw) relay has a single From
C
set, disconnection before transfer or
transmission. That is, the common terminal connects to one of the two, never connecting to both
at the same time. Including two for the coil, such a relay has a total of five terminals.
DPST
-a two-pole single-shot relay is equivalent to a pair of SPST switches or relays operated by
a coil. Including two for the coil, such a relay has a total of six terminals. Poles can be either an
Volume 15 Issue 06, June 2025
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725
A-shape or a b-shape (or one of each;
NO
and
NC
characters must be used to resolve
uncertainty).
DPDT
-bipolar double firing position has two sets of
C
-shaped contacts. They are equivalent to
two
SPDT
keys or relays controlled by a single coil. Such a relay has eight terminals containing a
coil
D
shape-make before break.
Form
E
-combination
D
and
B
Sources used:
1.
https://mysite.du.edu/~jcalvert/tel/morse/morse.htm#H1
2.
Thomas Coulson
. Joseph Henry: His Life and Work
. Princeton: Princeton University
Press, 1950.
3.
https://books.google.com/books?id=WKuG-
VIwID8C&q=Invention+of+the+relay&pg=PA153
4.
