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MAXTUMQULI'S LITERARY TRADITIONS IN THE POETRY OF S. IBRAGIMOV
Gaylieva О., Arazmedov М.
In the literature of the world and Turkic peoples, Mahtumkuli is a poet with great authority and
respect. Throughout history, Mahtumkuli and other Turkmen poets were influenced by the
principles inherent in the works of Alisher Navoi or Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur and
considered them their mentors, while in 20th-century Uzbek and Karakalpak literature there are
several Turkic poets who wrote poems close to the Mahtumkuli tradition. Literary scholar K.
Quramboyev
thoroughly examines the similarities in form and content, as well as traditions, in
the literature of fraternal peoples through the lyrical heritage of Alisher Navoiy, Maxtumquli,
Abay, Ajiniyoz, Berdaq, Furqat, and Andalip. He investigates the continuation of Maxtumquli's
creative qualities in Karakalpak poetry through the poems of I. Yusupov, "loyal to Maxtumquli's
traditions." He writes: "After I. Yusupov, writing poetry in the path of Maxtumquli became a
tradition in Karakalpak literature. In contemporary Karakalpak poetry, there are many poets who
write in imitation of Magtymguly. Most of them are experienced writers. We will mention some
of them. T. Qabulov's "Murojaat to Maxtumquli," U. Pirjanov's "Bo'lmas," J. Izbasqanov's
"Bo'lmasa," A. O'tepbergenov's "Bo'lar ma," A. Ajiniyazov's "Bo'lar," and U. Daniyarov's
"Boshladi," "Bo'lar sen" are unique examples of respect for Maxtumquli's poetry, a good
example of literary similarity. In the poems, we see new interpretations of Maxtumquli's chosen
themes
.
Indeed, Maxtumquli's unique rhythmic voice, imbued with wisdom, and other poetic devices
used to influence the human spirit attract many writers. At this point, among contemporary
Uzbek and Karakalpak poets, there are also those who have written in Maxtumquli's poetic form.
Among these, it is appropriate to cite the poems of the Karakalpak poet S. Ibragimov, written
during the years of Independence. The Karakalpak poet S. Ibragimov created his work in the
direction of modernism, which connects it with world literature. The poet's integration of
traditional forms in some of his modern poems, his synthesis of Eastern and Western artistic
forms, and his pursuit of new explorations are new to Karakalpak literature. In the poet's work,
we see the extensive development of the literary traditions of the 18th-century Turkmen poet
Magtymguly.
For example, Maxtumquli has a dialogue poem titled "Turgul!", (they said to wake up) if we
compare the poem dedicated to the poet B. Genjemuratov, written in April 2018 by the
Karakalpak poet S. Ibragimov, titled "Angel Gabriel Said 'Read!'" in terms of theme and content,
the harmony in these poems is clearly evident. The poet S. Ibragimov himself brought us this
1
Quramboyev, K. *Literary Process*. Creative responsibility. Literary connections Tashkent: Cholpon, 2009. - P.
87-91.
2
Quramboyev, K. *Literary Process*. Creative responsibility. Literary connections Tashkent: Cholpon, 2009. - P.
123.
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song from his home archive. The poet's poem is built on a plot, widely used in dialogue form,
and has a strong religious content.
For example, in S. Ibragimov:
A vision came to him in his dream.
Offered a piece of cloth
a voice came, and they said, "Read!"
"I can't read," said Muhammad...
The words of the Quran resounded in his tongue.
All he remembered was the desert.
A pair of birds descended from the sky.
leading to the top of a hill.
Now Muhammad's words
It was God's will.
to the heart of every tribe member
He tried to convey the divine words
.
In the poet's poem, the legendary motif of God sending verses from the Holy Quran to the
Prophet Muhammad is presented, and this meaning is compared to the divinity of his poetry. The
idea arises that the poet is endowed with divinity by God, and therefore, they too should reflect
and convey the message of wisdom to the people in their works. Therefore, in S. Ibragimov's
poem, it is stated: "After the Prophet, the travelers of the poet's world of meaning."
After the Prophet, the poet and oracle
Travelers of the world of meaning
The poet interprets the world,
He will paint white with black
As a result, if poets reflect good deeds more often in their poems and become beloved poets of
the people, then the idea that they are a sign of perfection will be prominent in the finale of the
poem:
Magtymguly:
I lay in bed in the middle of the night,
Four horsemen came and called out, "Turgul!"
"We know you're here at the moment.
"There are heroes in the desert," they say.
Sixty horsemen emerged from the steppe.
"Muhammad!" they shouted, and all of them went.
3
Ibrahimov S. Angel Gabriel said, "Read!" April 2018. Songs from the home archive.
4
Ibrahimov S. Angel Gabriel said, "Read!" April 2018. Songs from the home archive.
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They exchanged greetings.
"Don't stop, grandfather!" they say
These lines also artistically portray the motif of the prophets bestowing divinity upon the poet.
In Maxtumquli's poem, the lyrical hero is through this divinity perfection is expressed in artistic
expression. Therefore, the poet:
Magtymguly opened his eyes.
What thoughts have come and gone?
White foam scatters like wild foam.
"Oh, God, go!" they say
and reflects the events at the end of the song metaphorically through inner feelings. While
Maxtumquli's understanding of the world is conveyed through the motifs of divine perfection,
the poet S. Ibragimov's ability to discern justice, injustice, good and evil in life, his ability to call
white white and black black, and his correct understanding of life are presented as, firstly, the
poet's divine perfection, and secondly, through a realistic approach, additional knowledge and
education.
Therefore, the poet S. Ibragimov:
This is the echo of the voice "Read!"
slaves who have taken their lives under their control
If we remain silent, what will become of the ulus?
If we don't say it, what is forgiveness, what is punishment...
Fire in the sky, fire on the ground.
where can one flee for survival?
If we don't listen to the echo of "Read!"
The Karakalpak people lost us. , -
the poem artistically portrays the beloved reading of each poet's works by the people. For this
reason, the poet emphasizes rhetorical appeal through the use of the imperative mood "Read!"
Therefore, in the lyrical poems of the poet S. Ibragimov, we see the development of the classical
tradition, that is, the tradition of Makhtumkuli, and an attempt to renew it in terms of form and
5
Magtymguly. Eserler ýygyndysy I jilt. A.: Türkmenistanyň Ylymlar akademiýasynyň Milli golýazmalar instituty,
2012. –B. 18-20.
6
Magtymguly. Eserler ýygyndysy I jilt. A.: Türkmenistanyň Ylymlar akademiýasynyň Milli golýazmalar instituty,
2012. –B. 18-20.
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content. Because, as a result of formal exploration, S. Ibragimov's poem is distinguished by its
new form, namely the use of lowercase letters at the beginning of lines, the absence of
punctuation marks, the uneven number of syllables in lines, the free use of rhymes, and the
widespread use of modern descriptive techniques in conveying the meaning. Maxtumquli's poem
titled "Turgul!" is traditionally four-line, with the first stanza a-b-a-b; the rest rhyme v-v-v-b.
Therefore, a renewal of the classical traditional artistic form can be observed in contemporary
Karakalpak lyric poetry.
Therefore, the poet S. Ibragimov:
Magtymguly says, the sun
The good deeds of a person
to show off
In the lines "turns away from crooked paths
,"
he developed Maxtumquli's didactic traditions. The idea that one should strive for good and
avoid evil is promoted as the main idea of the poem. In general, the Karakalpak poet S.
Ibragimov demonstrates the high skill in continuing literary traditions in his work and enriching
them with new content and form.
References
1. Quramboyev, K. *Literary Process*. Creative responsibility. Literary connections Tashkent:
Cholpon, 2009.
2. Ibragimov S. Angel Gabriel said, "Read!" April 2018. Songs from the home archive.
3. Magtymguly. Collected Works Volume I. Almaty: Turkmenistan Academy of Sciences
National Research Institute, 2012.
4. Ibragimov S. Selected poems. Nukus: Bilim, 2016.
5. Makhtumkuli. Works Tashkent: Akademnashr, 2013.
Annotation:
The article comparatively examines the widespread use and development of
Maxtumquli's traditions in the works of contemporary Karakalpak poet S. Ibragimov.
Keywords:
literary tradition, poetry, literary influence, form, content
7
Ibragimov S. Selected Poems. Nukus: Bilim, 2016. - P. 205.
