Volume 15 Issue 07, July 2025
Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023:
6.995, 2024 7.75
http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass
277
FACTORS AFFECTING THE PHYSICAL PREPARATION OF ATHLETES IN THE
SPORT OF FENCING
Abdazov Islambek
Karakalpak State University
Physical Culture Major 2nd year student
Annotation:
The physical preparation of an athlete is a decisive factor in achieving high results
in the sport of fencing. In this sport, accuracy, speed, endurance, balance, reaction and strength
work together. The main factors affecting the level of preparation of athletes include their age,
physical condition, training plan, nutrition, psychological preparation and coaching methods.
The equipment used by the athlete, gym conditions and recovery (rehabilitation) processes also
directly affect the result. Since precision and agility of movements are important in fencing,
preparation with special exercises, the development of coordination and reflexes is of particular
importance. By studying this topic, it is possible to develop effective approaches to training
athletes in fencing. Due to the complexity of this sport, physical training approaches differ for
each discipline (foil, epee, sabre).
Keywords:
Fextonia, physical training, reflex, endurance, strength, coordination, psychological
preparation, athlete, training plan, factors.
Introduction:
"Fencing" is a fencing sport in which two opponents fight with special swords.
This sport requires high speed, reflexes, strategy and technique. Fencing is one of the modern
Olympic sports and is practiced in three main disciplines:
Basic information on fencing:
Game time: 3 rounds of 3 minutes each or up to 15 points.
Uniform: Athletes wear special protective clothing (mask, jacket, gloves, and knee pads).
Electronic system: Special sensor clothing and an electronic system are used to detect the hit.
Olympics: Fencing has been included in the program of the Olympic Games since 1896.
Fencing is also developing in Uzbekistan. You can practice this discipline in several sports
schools in our country. Uzbek athletes participate in international competitions and achieve good
results.
Fextonia is not only a sport, but also a modern form of an ancient martial art. The art of self-
defense, fighting with weapons has existed for a long time in human history. The formation,
development and current place of Fextonia as a sport reflect its complex historical path.
Fixture (English: fixture - schedule, calendar) means the holding of sports competitions in a
strictly planned manner. This determines when and against whom each athlete will compete,
Volume 15 Issue 07, July 2025
Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023:
6.995, 2024 7.75
http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass
278
especially in sports such as wrestling, boxing, judo, MMA. Holding competitions in this form
requires a reconsideration of approaches to the physical training of athletes. Because this
situation has a significant impact on the athlete's physical condition, mental readiness and
recovery opportunities.[1]
Physical fitness of athletes in fixed conditions: basic concepts
Physical fitness is the level of development of general and special physical qualities (strength,
endurance, speed, agility, coordination) that ensure the athlete's ability to perform at a high level.
In fixed conditions, athletes:
are forced to hold many fights (competitions) in a short period of time;
the div has little time to recover;
the opportunity to prepare for each opponent individually is limited;
they are under stress and psychological pressure.[5]
Factors affecting physical fitness in wrestling
Training load and periodization
The training load plan plays an important role in preparing for wrestling. Typically, training
based on microcycles and macrocycles should provide the athlete with overall fitness, as well as
pre- and post-competition form.
Excessive load - fatigue, excessive muscle tension.
Insufficient load - does not prepare the athlete for the rhythm of the competition.
Recovery and regeneration
Restitution methods between competitions - cold baths, massage, passive rest, sleep,
physiotherapy - play a decisive role in restoring the athlete's physical condition for the next fight.
Nutrition and fluid balance
An athlete's energy reserve is provided not only by training, but also by a proper nutrition plan:
Carbohydrates - a source of energy
Proteins - recovery and preservation of muscle mass
Water - support for muscle activity
In conditions of fixed, proper nutrition is very important between competitions.
Volume 15 Issue 07, July 2025
Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023:
6.995, 2024 7.75
http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass
279
Psychological factors
Stress, nervousness, pressure to win have a direct impact on the athlete's physical potential.
The level of motivation, self-confidence, analysis of the opponent, mental desire for victory
affect the indicators.
Psychological preparation - visualization, relaxation, breathing techniques have a positive effect
in this regard.
Intensity of the competition schedule
The peculiarity of the fixed schedule:
Several fights in one day;
The need to maintain div weight;
Lack of enough time to rest.
This puts pressure on muscle recovery, the cardiovascular system, and even the immune system.
Personal characteristics
Athlete's age, physical potential, injury history,
Genetic factors (muscle type, metabolic rate),
Individual adaptation level
These also have different effects on the physical fitness of athletes in fixed conditions.
Methodological approaches to preparing for fixed conditions
Interval training - preparing the div for combat by applying high-intensity loads in a short
period of time.
Basket sparring - short-term sparring against different opponents.
Periodic "top form" training - adjusting the athlete's physical "peak" according to the competition
schedule.
Individualization of the load based on functional tests.[6]
Conclusion:
In conclusion, fixed conditions are the heart of major sports competitions, which
directly affects the potential of athletes, the fairness of the competition, and the mass appeal. To
ensure confidence in figure skating at prestigious competitions such as the Olympics and World
Championships, it is necessary to combine modern technologies, openness, and the principles of
fairness. Only then will athletes be able to demonstrate their skills on equal terms. The factors
Volume 15 Issue 07, July 2025
Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023:
6.995, 2024 7.75
http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass
280
affecting the physical fitness of athletes in figure skating are complex, multifaceted, and
interrelated. Physical activity, nutrition, recovery, psychological state, and individual
characteristics all determine the athlete's ability to achieve high results during the figure skating
period. Therefore, modern sports coaches must study these factors in a comprehensive manner
and effectively manage the training of athletes through scientifically based planning.
References:
1. Bompa T., Haff G. – Periodization: Theory and Methodology of Training, Human Kinetics,
2019.
2. McLaren D. – Sportivnaya trenirovka i vosstanovlenie, M., 2020.
Yunusov I.A. - "Fundamentals of physical fitness of athletes", Tashkent, 2022.
3. A.I. Kuznetsov - "Functional readiness of athletes in martial arts", 2018.
4. International Olympic Committee – Athlete Training Guidelines, 2023.
5. Anderson L., Drust B. – Physiology of Competition in Combat Sports, 2020.
6. Turdiyev A. - "Adaptation strategies of athletes in the Fixtovanie system", Journal of Sports
Sciences, 2023.
