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CULTURAL HERITAGE - A MIRROR OF NATIONAL VALUES
Irgashova Sevara Baxodir kizi
2nd year student at Samarkand state institute of foreign languages
Jabbarova X.K.
Scientific supervisor:
Abstract:
This article highlights the importance of cultural heritage in the formation of national
values and its place in the life of society. The role of cultural heritage in the formation of
national values, its role in the development of society, and the preservation and development of
cultural heritage in modern conditions are considered. In addition, the importance of cultural
heritage in shaping human personality, increasing national pride and patriotism is emphasized.
Through this, students understand how important cultural heritage is not only for the past, but
also for the future. Preserving cultural heritage and passing it on to new generations is the duty
and responsibility of every nation.
Key words:
Cultural heritage, spiritual and moral education, globalization, global culture,
convention
The cultural heritage of every nation is an incomparable wealth that reflects its uniqueness,
history and spiritual outlook. Cultural heritage is not only monuments, traditions and
masterpieces of art inherited from the past, but also an expression of the spirit of the nation.
Therefore, it is one of the important tasks of every society to preserve, promote and pass it on to
future generations [1].
The cultural heritage of every nation is a collection of spiritual and cultural assets formed over
the centuries, which reflects the history, traditions and values of the nation. Cultural
heritage is one of the important factors that define the identity of each nation and give an
impression of its rich cultural and abstract world. It not only shows the cultural achievements of
the past, but also plays an important role in shaping the future of the nation.
According to its essence, cultural heritage is divided into tangible and intangible forms.
Tangible cultural heritage is the visible and physical cultural assets of a nation. These include
historical monuments, architectural structures, manuscripts, handicrafts, museum exhibits,
national costumes and other cultural monuments. These monuments are important sources
representing the rich historical and cultural development of the nation. Cultural heritage objects,
that is, historical buildings, works of art, traditions bring economic benefits through the
development of tourism. This increases the country's economic and cultural potential. For
example, Registan Square in Samarkand, Ichan-Qala in Khorezm, or ancient madrasas and
mosques in Bukhara are an integral part of not only national but also world cultural heritage.
Also, another important part of cultural heritage is intangible cultural heritage, which includes
the spiritual and creative activities of the people. These include national songs, dances,
traditions, craft methods, folklore, traditions, etc. Intangible cultural heritage is considered as a
spiritual wealth that reflects the spiritual world and values of the people and passes from
generation to generation. For example, traditions such as "Shashmaqom" musical genre or
Nowruz holiday are vivid examples of intangible cultural heritage [2].
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Cultural heritage is important in preserving the identity of each nation. It plays a major role in
creating an image of the nation's culture and history, understanding its values, and passing them
on to the next generation. Nations preserve their traditions and historical memory by preserving
their cultural heritage. If the cultural heritage is lost, it can lead to the loss of the identity of the
people. Therefore, every society should take necessary measures to protect its cultural heritage,
promote it and pass it on to new generations. Nowadays, the processes of globalization make
preservation of cultural heritage a more urgent issue. As different cultures interact, national
traditions and values may disappear. Therefore, the protection of cultural heritage is an
important task not only at the national level, but also at the international level. Through cultural
heritage, national culture is protected from global influences.
International organizations such as UNESCO pay great attention to the protection of cultural
heritage and contribute to its recognition by the world community. Cultural heritage is a bright
reflection of the spiritual value and identity of the nation. Its protection, study and transmission
to future generations is of great importance not only for the current generation, but also for the
future development of society. By preserving the cultural heritage, we preserve the historical
memory of our nation and show its cultural wealth to the world. Cultural heritage is the wealth
of every nation and an integral part of its historical memory. Its preservation and development is
important not only in the cultural sphere, but also in state policy. Comprehensive measures
should be taken to protect cultural heritage and pass it on to future generations. This process
includes a number of important directions, such as the improvement of legislation, strengthening
of education and propaganda, use of modern technologies, restoration of cultural objects and
development of tourism. One of the most important areas of cultural heritage protection is the
creation of a legal framework and the development of international cooperation. Today, many
countries improve national legislation and work in cooperation with international organizations
to protect cultural heritage. In particular, the "Convention on the Protection of Cultural
Heritage" adopted by UNESCO is important for many countries, including Uzbekistan. This
convention provides for the protection of cultural monuments, their restoration and legal
protection [3]. In Uzbekistan, special laws and state programs on the protection of cultural
heritage have been developed, through which preservation and restoration of historical objects
are carried out. Education and propaganda also play an important role in preserving cultural
heritage. People's respect for their culture and understanding of its value should be formed from
childhood. Therefore, cultural heritage subjects should be introduced in schools and universities,
and students should get more information about historical monuments, folk traditions and
national values. In addition, it is necessary to organize various exhibitions, conferences and
events to promote cultural heritage among young people. It is important to prepare programs
dedicated to cultural heritage through national television channels and internet platforms and
deliver them to the people through mass media. The use of modern technologies in the
preservation of cultural heritage is also considered to be one of the most effective methods.
Currently, many countries are conducting digitalization of historical monuments and cultural
objects. In this process, museum exhibits, archival documents and manuscripts are digitized
using special technologies and made available to the public via the Internet [4]. This creates the
possibility of wide use of cultural resources and serves to prevent their loss. In Uzbekistan, it is
planned to carry out a number of works on the digitization of cultural heritage, through which
historical manuscripts and monuments can be widely distributed on the Internet.
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Strengthening the territorial protection and restoration of cultural monuments plays an important
role in the preservation of cultural heritage. Many historical objects are in danger of
disappearing over time. Therefore, research by special experts should be carried out to
strengthen archaeological excavations, restore historical buildings and ensure their preservation.
In the process of restoration, attention should be paid to preserving the original appearance of
historical buildings. Such works are continued in ancient cities of Uzbekistan - Samarkand,
Bukhara, Khiva. In particular, monuments included in the UNESCO list are under special
protection, and their recognition at the international level is being considered [1]. Tourism has a
great influence on the preservation of cultural heritage and its development. Tourism helps not
only to widely promote cultural heritage, but also to increase its economic importance. As
tourists get acquainted with cultural monuments and national traditions, the country's culture is
promoted to the world through them. Therefore, it is very important to include cultural heritage
objects in tourist destinations, to organize national festivals, exhibitions and cultural events. For
example, the festival "Sharq Taronalari" in Samarkand or folk crafts exhibitions in Bukhara play
an important role not only in preserving cultural values, but also in introducing them to the world
[4].
Uzbekistan is one of the countries with rich history, unique culture and hundreds of years of
traditions. Since this country is located at the crossroads of Eastern and Western civilizations for
centuries, it has accumulated its own cultural wealth. Cities such as Bukhara, Samarkand, Khiva,
Shahrisabz are not only national, but an integral part of world cultural heritage. Today, these
cities and their historical monuments are included in the list of UNESCO's World Cultural
Heritage, and their protection and transmission from generation to generation has become one of
the priorities of the state policy of Uzbekistan. One of the main directions of cultural heritage
protection is the development of national legislation in accordance with international standards.
In accordance with the UNESCO Convention "On the Protection of World Cultural and Natural
Heritage", the Convention "On the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage" and other
international documents, a number of laws on the protection of cultural heritage have been
adopted in Uzbekistan. On the basis of these laws, it is envisaged to protect historical
monuments, control their preservation and carry out restoration work.
"Cultural Heritage Week" is organized annually in Uzbekistan in order to preserve cultural
heritage and introduce it to the general public. During these events, scientific conferences,
exhibitions and lectures dedicated to cultural monuments will be held. Also, within the
framework of this week, trips to historical sites are organized, actions aimed at increasing
attention to national values and cultural heritage among young people are held [5]. In
addition, "Cultural heritage centers" have been established in historical cities such as Samarkand
and Bukhara, the main purpose of which is to study historical monuments, protect them and pass
them on to future generations. Through these centers, archaeological research is carried out,
historical documents are studied, and work on the preservation of cultural monuments is carried
out. Today, the government of Uzbekistan is carrying out a number of restoration works in order
to preserve the cultural heritage and pass it on to future generations. In particular, unique
historical monuments such as Registan Square in Samarkand, Ark Castle in Bukhara, Ichan-Kala
Complex in Khiva are being restored and made more attractive for tourists.
In conclusion, it can be said that the cultural heritage is the spiritual face of the nation, its
historical memory and a set of values. It is the duty of every citizen, society and state to protect
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it and pass it on to future generations. Today, measures aimed at preserving and developing
cultural heritage in Uzbekistan not only strengthen our national culture, but also serve to
introduce it to the world community. By improving legislation, strengthening education and
promotion, using digital technologies, carrying out restoration work and developing tourism, the
protection of cultural heritage and its transmission to future generations will be ensured. Only
through such an approach will it be possible to preserve cultural heritage and convey its value to
future generations.
The list of used literature
1. YUNESKO. (1972). "Jahon madaniy va tabiiy merosni muhofaza qilish to‘g‘risidagi
konvensiya".
2. Abdullaev, M. (2020). O‘zbekiston madaniy merosi va uning rivojlanishi. Toshkent: Fan.
3. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi "Madaniy merosni muhofaza qilish to‘g‘risida"gi qonuni.
4. Qosimov, A. (2018). Madaniy meros va turizm: Yangi imkoniyatlar. Samarqand: SamDU
nashriyoti.
5. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Turizm va madaniy meros vazirligi rasmiy sayti –
