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ADVANTAGES OF USING FOREIGN EXPERIENCES IN ORGANIZING THE
INDIVIDUAL EDUCATION OF STUDENTS IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM
Gulbakhor Abdullayevna Gaynazarova
Associate professor of the "Pedagogy of preschool education"
department of Chirchik state pedagogical university, p.f.f.d (PhD)
E-mail:
Abstract:
In the conditions of current globalization, the higher education system requires new
approaches aimed at organizing individual education for students. Effective implementation of
individual education methodology can be further developed through the use of foreign
experiences and innovative pedagogical technologies. This article analyzes the experiences of
countries such as the USA, Finland, Singapor and Russia regarding the individual education
model.
Keywords:
Individual education, foreign experience, US experience, individual education
system in Finland, open learning environments, individual development plan, flexible curriculum,
individual education trajectory
INTRODUCTION.
Individual education is an educational process that is formed taking into
account the student's ability, interest and pace of learning. This model serves to increase the
quality and efficiency of education.
Today, in the higher education system of Uzbekistan, special importance is attached to the
development of individual education and the realization of the personal potential of students.
RESEARCH METHODS
In the course of our research, we analyzed the state of research of the problem in foreign
countries, including
1. US experience
In the US higher education system, the individual education model is being developed based on
the concept of "Personalized Learning". For example, MIT and Harvard have developed online
courses and student-tailored curricula (Horn & Staker, 2014).
The essence and advantages of the individual education model - "Personalized Learning" in the
US higher education system are shown as follows:
- personalized learning is a model of education adapted to the needs, interests and unique
learning pace of each student and is widely used in the US higher education system.
-
The essence of Personalized Learning in American higher education is that, as a result:
- education adapted to the student - students form their own individual educational direction.
- flexibility through technology - courses tailored to each student will be developed through
digital platforms, artificial intelligence and adaptive learning systems.
- the opportunity to learn at his own pace - the student chooses his own pace of learning (faster
or slower).
- combining theoretical and practical knowledge - learning based on professional training and
practical projects.
- mentoring and individual approach - each student is assigned a mentor or advisor.
In addition, Personalized Learning provides many conveniences.
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1. Flexible curriculum. Students will have the opportunity to choose subjects that suit them.
Students will also have the opportunity to study the curriculum at their own pace.
2. Online and hybrid learning opportunities are provided. Depending on their circumstances,
students will be able to study in traditional classrooms or online. At the same time, students will
have distance learning and independent learning opportunities.
3. Practical knowledge and professional development. Students participate in startups, research
projects, or internship programs. Practical training related to production will be held.
The following methods of practical knowledge and professional development are available:
Internship programs (Professional practice). US universities organize internships for students in
cooperation with large companies. Companies such as Google, Microsoft, Tesla, Amazon,
JPMorgan Chase cooperate with universities.
Paid Internships - paid internships are available to students.
Co-op Programs (Work-related internship programs) - internships related to production.
Project-Based Learning (PBL). During the lesson, students work on practical projects to solve
real problems. Universities like MIT, Stanford, Harvard allow students to conduct projects and
research to solve various problems.
Competency-Based Education (CBE).
Unlike the traditional assessment system, students demonstrate their knowledge and skills
through production results. Universities such as Western Governors University (WGU) operate
under this system.
Career Centers and Mentoring. Universities have established Career Centers that help students
choose career paths, write resumes, and conduct interviews. Harvard, Yale, MIT, and other
universities offer Career Services programs.
Startup and entrepreneurship programs. US universities support start-up and innovative projects.
Students have the opportunity to develop their business ideas through the startup ecosystems of
Stanford, MIT and UC Berkeley.
4. Using the possibilities of digital technologies and artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence creates an individual educational path for each student. Professional
training is carried out with the help of virtual laboratories and simulations.
5. Personal development and soft skills. Students have the opportunity to develop creative
thinking, communication, problem solving and leadership skills. Self-assessment and
motivational training are conducted.
A Case Study of Personalized Learning in US Higher Education: Western Governors University
(WGU) - Empowers students to learn at their own pace through a competency-based learning
system.
Arizona State University (ASU) – Creates online courses tailored to student interests and
individual programs based on artificial intelligence.
Harvard University - Personalized Learning Initiative - Offers a personalized learning model and
mentoring system for each student.
Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU) uses advanced technologies to create an
individualized learning trajectory.
In short, the Personalized Learning model in the US higher education system provides an
educational process tailored to each student and helps to form individual development directions
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that match their interests and professional needs. This approach is a modern educational model
aimed at developing professional competencies that are in high demand in the labor market.
2. Individual education system in Finland
Features: The Finnish higher education system is based on the individual development of the
student.
- flexible educational programs - students have the opportunity to choose courses that are
suitable for them.
- student-oriented education - individual education directions are developed and teaching
methods are selected according to the student's abilities.
- open educational environments - a system of free communication and consultation between
teachers and students has been established in universities.
Application in practice:
Many universities develop individual development plans (IRR-IDP - Individual Development
Plan) for students, students work with academic mentors and independently form their own
educational plan, online learning platforms and open courses allow students to study
independently in their own time.
The advantages of the Finnish experience in organizing individual education are that the student
develops independent learning skills, the teacher has the opportunity to work individually with
the student, and the higher education system adapts to the needs of students.
3. Individual education system in Singapore. The main features of Singapore's individual
education system:
Singapore's education system operates on the principle of a competency-based approach.
There is an individualized education system for students - each student determines the direction
of individual development.
Special training courses, including modern technologies, have been organized for teachers.
Application of these features in practice: National University of Singapore (NUS) - In Singapore,
a special "Flexible Learning Pathway" system has been introduced so that students can choose
their study programs.
Nanyang Technological University (NTU) – Through Blended Learning (hybrid education), it is
possible to create courses suitable for students.
Individual Portfolio System - students create portfolios based on their learning processes and
monitor changes.
As a result, the following advantages of the Singapore experience emerge:
- through an individual approach, each student chooses a course of study suitable for his abilities.
- modern technologies are used to encourage independent learning.
- a strong relationship is established between teachers and students.
As a result of all the work, the Singapore education system is achieving great results in the field
of world science.
4. Individual education system in Russia. In recent years, the Russian higher education system
has been moving to the concept of individual educational trajectory (Individualnaya
obrazovatelnaya traektoriya - IOT). This model aims to create an individualized learning path for
students, tailored to their abilities, interests and career goals.
The essence of the individual education trajectory is as follows: the IOT (ITT) model is formed
in accordance with the individual needs and future professional activities of each student.
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The main principles of this model are as follows:
A person-oriented approach is the formation of educational programs suitable for the student's
learning style, pace and interests.
Flexible Curriculum - Courses of the student's choice are offered along with compulsory subjects.
Innovative technologies - personalized educational process based on digital educational
platforms, distance learning and artificial intelligence.
Mentoring and personal planning is a system of individual management and mentoring of the
educational process for each student.
The system of distance and online education has been developed - it makes it possible for
students to get independent education.
Vocational training and cooperation with the real sector - an educational process connected with
production and practice.
Application in practice: Moscow State University (MSU) has introduced an Individual Learning
Trajectory program and students are given the freedom to choose courses.
Petersburg State University (SPbU) - Introduced "Open Learning Modules" for students, where
students can choose courses suitable for their fields.
The Digital Education Platform of the Russian Federation offers customized educational
programs for students.
The advantages of the Russian experience: a study system suitable for individual development
directions has been formed, courses related to modern technologies are widespread in
universities, online and traditional education are available in combination.
RESULTS.
The study and analysis of foreign experiences is important for the modernization of
the educational system, the introduction of innovative methods, and the training of personnel in
accordance with international standards. Below are the main results that can be achieved by
studying foreign experiences:
1. Improving the quality of education
Foreign experience: Finland, Singapore and the US education systems have advanced models of
quality education.
Russia is improving quality by introducing individual education trajectories.
Results to be achieved:
Strengthen individual approach by personalizing the learning process.
Integration of modern pedagogical technologies and innovative methods into the educational
process.
Increasing efficiency through the use of digital technologies in the educational process.
2. Improving the professional training of students
Foreign experience: a system of dual education, internship, and mentorship has been introduced
for the professional development of students in the USA and Russia. In Singapore, education and
practice are integrated.
Results to be achieved:
Expansion of opportunities for dual education and production practice in the higher education
system of Uzbekistan.
Training of specialists needed by employers through the professional certification system.
Adapting students to the real work environment through cooperation with employers.
3. Introduction of innovative educational methods
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Foreign experience: the "Personalized Learning" model of the USA, the Finnish principle of
putting the student at the center of the educational process, the Russian system of individual
educational trajectory (IOT), the technology-based nature of Singaporean education.
Results to be achieved:
Creation of customized educational programs for students.
Development of distance and hybrid education with the help of digital technologies.
Improve teaching effectiveness by emphasizing interactive and hands-on activities.
4. Adjustment of the educational system to international standards
Foreign experience: educational programs based on international rating systems are formed in
US and European universities. The educational systems of Russia and Singapore have developed
a system of international accreditation and international certification.
Results to be achieved:
Inclusion of educational institutions of Uzbekistan in international rankings such as QS World
University Rankings, THE Ranking.
Expansion of international cooperation and creation of joint programs.
Development of exchange programs for students and professors.
5. Adjustment of education to the requirements of the labor market
Foreign experience: In the US, education and the labor market are interconnected, and the
principle of "Skills-Based Hiring" is used. In Finland and Singapore, students are provided with
knowledge and skills that meet the real needs of employers.
Results to be achieved:
Adjustment of educational programs to the requirements of the labor market.
Development of educational programs suitable for new professions and skill levels in Uzbekistan.
Vocational training of students based on cooperation with employers.
6. Development of entrepreneurship and startup culture in the higher education system
Foreign experience: startups of students at US universities (MIT, Stanford, Harvard) are
supported. Startup incubators and innovation centers operate in Russia and Singapore.
Results to be achieved:
Support of students' business and start-up projects.
Organization of start-up incubators at higher educational institutions in Uzbekistan.
Orientation of business and management courses to practice.
CONCLUSIONS.
Uzbekistan's higher education system has been modernized in recent years
and attention is being paid to innovative approaches in order to improve the quality of education.
Using the experiences of the USA, Finland, Singapore and Russia, the introduction of individual
learning trajectory (IOT) and personalized learning (Personalized Learning) models can create
the following opportunities
formation of individualized educational plans - creating an individual educational trajectory for
each student.
expanding the digital education system - introduction of electronic courses and artificial
intelligence technologies.
development of professional practice and work-related education - creation of educational
programs in cooperation with employers.
introduction of competency-based education - training of qualified personnel suitable for the
labor market.
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strengthening startup and entrepreneurship education - creating an opportunity for students to
start an independent business.
If these approaches are properly integrated into the higher education system of Uzbekistan, it
will help to increase the quality of education, innovative development and competitiveness of
young people in the international labor market.
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