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THE IMPORTANCE OF EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION OF STUDENT PORTFOLIOS
IN HIGHER EDUCATION
To’laganova Sayyora
assistent of the Institute of Tashkent Textile and light industry
Abstract:
This article discusses the important aspects of the student portfolio in the development
of students' intellectual abilities, including motivational, cognitive and metacognitive
components. In the current period of development, every country is forced to strengthen its
future and think about it tomorrow. In our country, many opportunities have been created for the
upbringing of the younger generation, their comprehensive support, and the active participation
of talented and capable youth, and there are enough conditions for this for everyone.
Keywords:
intellectual, ability, cognitive, metacognitive, portfolio.
Uzbekistan, which is moving towards independent development, is carrying out extensive work
on reforming the system of continuing education, introducing information technologies and
increasing the efficiency of education. In modern conditions, innovative tools are used to
organize the educational process and monitor students' educational activities. At the same time,
one of such tools in the development of students' intellectual abilities is the student portfolio.
Appendix 1 to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 824
dated December 31, 2020 “On measures to improve the system related to the organization of the
educational process in higher educational institutions” states that in Chapter 6, “Assessment,
conversion of grades”, paragraph 31 of the Regulation “On the procedure for introducing a
credit-module system into the educational process in higher educational institutions”,
“Assessment methods include written, oral, practical work, projects, portfolios and tests that
reflect and confirm the student's achievements within a subject or module. It is noted that the
assessment criterion must reflect the achievement of the learning outcome. A number of works
are currently being carried out in higher education institutions in this regard. The inclusion of a
student portfolio as part of assessment methods is of great importance in today's era of developed
information technologies. The creation and effective use of a student portfolio is an urgent and
problematic issue today.
It should be noted that the idea of using a portfolio in education appeared in the mid-1980s
in the United States. After the United States and Canada, the portfolio idea became popular in
Europe and Japan, and at the beginning of the 21st century, this idea became widespread in
Russia, and today this idea has also become established in Uzbekistan. Portfolio (
in inglish
-
portfolio, folder for necessary work and documents.
French
- to describe, express, carry.
Italian
-
a folder with documents) is a collection of documents, work samples, photographs, materials that
allow you to imagine the possibilities offered, and expert services [1].
Development and self-development always imply some internal laws, some self-movement, self-
change of an object, system, a certain self-construction of the individual, his inner world. This
process is irreversible, as a result of which quantitative and qualitative changes occur in
intellectual, personal and activity characteristics. They are interconnected and interdependent.
Personnel training occupies a special place as the basis of development. The direction of the
development process is carried out by influencing the mental development of the student,
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414
managing his cognitive activity, developing it and exerting targeted influence [2]. Determining
students' abilities through pedagogical activities is one of the important tasks of every educator,
because during the lesson, the teacher can learn about the interests and abilities of the student,
depending on the assimilation of the information provided by the educator. Ability is a person's
individual potential and capabilities. Ability is sharply distinguished from knowledge,
knowledge is the result of study, ability is considered a feature of the psychological and
physiological structure of a person. Ability differs from skills and qualifications. In most
scientific sources, skill is understood as ability. Ability improves in the process of acquiring
skills and qualifications by a person [3].
So, students with high abilities will stand out on their own. Students who cannot demonstrate
their talents in social relationships should be given the opportunity to demonstrate their abilities
and receive comprehensive support. From this perspective, a student portfolio serves as a
convenient platform for a student to demonstrate and demonstrate these abilities and talents. The
intellectual development of students includes not only the development of cognitive mechanisms
of information processing, but also the formation of metacognitive mechanisms of intellectual
self-management.
The entire 20th century and the present century require us to transition to a person-centered
education. Its basis is spiritual, communicative and cognitive (creative, critical, systematic and
non-standard thinking, broad outlook, emotional perception, large and variable results are taken
into account [4]. In order to ensure the implementation of this resolution, the development of the
individual in an environment where the qualities of our Republic (the ability to work with the
higher education database, etc.) are constantly changing [5]. As one of the innovative
technologies for monitoring and evaluating all types of student activities in a higher educational
institution, the “Student Portfolio” occupies a leading position. This technology has been widely
used in recent years, especially in the higher education system of developed Western countries.
In Russia, since 2003, it has been introduced at all stages of the education system, including
primary education, general secondary education, vocational education and higher education.
Currently, higher education institutions often do not encourage students to self-assess and
organize learning and assessment in a meaningful way. One way to solve this problem is to
effectively use an electronic portfolio (EP) to support students' self-regulated learning process,
improve creativity and other creative skills. Self-management refers to a set of behaviors used to
manage, monitor and evaluate their own educational success.
Self-regulated students are active participants in their own learning process metacognitively,
motivationally, and behaviorally, and thus achieve academic success.
The three cyclical stages of self-regulation include metacognitive and motivational components,
which provide a foundation for the sustainability of learning and skill development. The pre-
thinking stage includes task analysis (goal setting and strategic planning) and self-motivation
(self-management, outcome expectations, intrinsic interest, and goal-directedness).
-Finally, the self-reflection stage includes self-evaluation (self-assessment and random
attribution) and self-reaction (self-satisfaction/affect and adaptive defense reactions). The tasks
of the self-reflection stage are: reflection on work, reflection on the process and awareness of the
possibilities of new goals.
The cognitive component is a set of knowledge in the process of personal and professional
development. The cognitive component is a cognitive competence or intellectual skill and, first
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415
of all, the ability to work with information, search, receive and process information; the ability to
present information in the form of diagrams, tables; the ability to interpret information; the
ability to present information; the ability to have methods for structuring it, transferring it from
one form of presentation to another, transferring information from one method of coding to
another, distinguishing between main and secondary concepts, identifying important features of
concepts, distinguishing connections and relationships between concepts, building cognitive
schemes. mental activity, problem-solving algorithms, the ability to explain the solution obtained;
the ability to write a report, abstract; the ability to generalize, draw conclusions, analyze the
results obtained.
Metacognitive component - is expressed in the skills and abilities of self-organization and self-
management. Goal setting stimulates the student's cognitive activity. In this case, the "impulse"
passes directly from the motive to the goal, in which the student independently establishes the
content of his goals, distinguishing between the main and intermediate goals. Planning plays an
important role in this. The specified plan is forced to be implemented, creating in the mind a
chain of actions leading to the successful achievement of the goal.
Today, the educational portfolio, which is a widely used control tool in the experience of foreign
countries, is of practical importance due to the following capabilities: − multifunctionality and
assessment of one's own personal success;
− monitoring of individual achievements;
− organization of the exam;
− objective determination of educational results;
− ability to clearly see educational achievements and additional results;
- ability to see the student's existing opportunities and abilities, his strengths and weaknesses,
and adequately assess his personal, professional and creative potential. The formation of
portfolios by students is effective in the following cases:
1. When obtaining a promising job (management and colleagues have the opportunity to get to
know the young specialist better).
2. When conducting scientific research (provides the opportunity to patent research results).
3. When participating in science Olympiads (helps to assess and estimate the student's
capabilities at different stages of the Olympiad).
4. When applying for the Nomdor and Presidential scholarships (the selection committee will be
fully aware of the student's capabilities).
5. When achieving personal goals (provides partners with the opportunity to get to know the
student better when engaging in additional activities).
An important condition for our country to develop economically, politically and spiritually and
take its place among the developed countries of the world is to implement an improved model of
students' knowledge using an electronic portfolio through the use of metacognitive methods in
the education system. In conclusion, the results of the analysis based on the presented data
showed that the first criterion for the development of students' intellectual abilities is a thought
motive, the second criterion is the formation of cognitive abilities, the third criterion is the
formation of metacognitive skills, and the student portfolio can be seen as an important practical
factor in the development of students' intellectual abilities.
References:
Volume 15 Issue 04, April 2025
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416
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