Vol. 1 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Applied Science and Social Science

This article discusses the main approaches to treating stuttering in preschool-aged children through breathing exercises. Stuttering, which often affects young children during early language development, can become persistent and impact their communication skills and self-esteem. The article explores several breathing techniques, including diaphragmatic breathing, pacing and controlled breathing, and slow and relaxed breathing, which help improve speech fluency. These exercises promote relaxation, control over breath, and a calm speech rhythm, all of which reduce stuttering episodes. The article emphasizes the importance of early intervention and the role of parents in reinforcing breathing techniques at home. It highlights the positive outcomes of using breathing exercises in speech therapy to support children’s development of fluent and confident speech.

The integration of Web 2.0 tools into translation education has transformed the way students develop written translation competence. These technologies provide interactive, collaborative, and autonomous learning environments that enhance linguistic accuracy, cultural awareness, and critical thinking. This study examines the role of Web 2.0 tools such as wikis, blogs, online glossaries, and collaborative translation platforms in improving students’ translation skills. The findings suggest that incorporating these tools into translation training increases engagement, facilitates peer feedback, and fosters independent learning. Additionally, the study highlights potential challenges, such as over-reliance on machine translation and information reliability, and suggests strategies to maximize the effectiveness of Web 2.0 tools in translation education.

In this article, Fattoh Abdullayev's “Dictionary of Khorezm Dialects” contains opinions and comments about the expression and use of proverbs. The unique proverbs of the Khorezm dialect have acquired a special meaning in the dictionary.

 The article is devoted to current issues of the risk-oriented approach of international audit standards. The article contains explanations and examples, the study of which reveals the features of conducting a risk-oriented audit. The author pays special attention to the procedures for risk assessment in audit.

Toponymic phraseological units (TPUs) are expressions that incorporate geographical names (toponyms) and convey meanings that go beyond the literal reference to the place. These units are an essential aspect of language, reflecting cultural, historical, and social significance. This paper explores the typology and classification of TPUs, categorizing them based on structure, semantic function, and cultural context. Simple and complex TPUs, idiomatic expressions, metaphors, euphemisms, proverbs, and stereotypes are discussed to demonstrate the richness of toponyms in language. The study emphasizes the importance of toponyms in shaping communication, identity, and collective memory. By examining these units, we gain a deeper understanding of how geographical names influence linguistic creativity and cultural expression.

This article discusses the “Mass Culture” that is threatening the whole world today, and the great importance of the national idea in combating it. Today, we live in a very intense and complex time that is radically different from previous periods, which is changing rapidly, and we will discuss in detail the rapid spread of mass culture and the importance of national ideology. The negative and positive aspects of mass culture are discussed, as well as their impact on our national spirituality and culture. 

This article explores the competencies of future teachers in mastering professional knowledge based on cognitive activity in pedagogical mastery lessons and their significance in professional activities. It highlights certain issues in developing professional knowledge, the importance of cognitive perception, and the relevance of cognitive understanding in professional knowledge development for future teachers.

Dysgraphia is a neurological condition that causes difficulties with writing. People with dysgraphia experience problems with correctly writing text or adhering to spelling rules. This article explores the manifestations of dysgraphia in children, its impact on the development of writing competence, as well as effective correction methods. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of dysgraphia based on an analysis of recent research and statistical data. We present ideas that can help in overcoming dysgraphia among primary school students.The signs of dysgraphia may vary depending on age and are classified as differences in learning.

 This article explains the history of Islamic sacred texts in Europe, from the early Middle Ages to the present day. The influence of Islamic literature on European thought and its methods of translation, interpretation and research. Particular attention has been paid to key points such as the early translations of the Qur'an, the influence of Arabic Islamic scholarship on medieval Europe and modern studies of Islamic sources.

This paper explores the application of stylistic devices in advertising texts, analyzing their effectiveness in enhancing communication and persuasion. Through a detailed examination of various advertisements in English, this study identifies key stylistic tools used by advertisers to attract and retain the attention of their target audience, ultimately influencing consumer behavior.

This article provides an in-depth exploration of real-time monitoring and control systems within automated industrial environments. It outlines the critical role of sensors, PLCs, SCADA systems, and robust communication networks in enhancing operational efficiency, safety, and predictive maintenance. The discussion extends to advanced data analytics and machine learning applications that drive proactive decision-making and process optimization. Challenges such as latency, cybersecurity, and system integration are examined, along with emerging trends including edge computing, digital twins, augmented reality, and sustainability integration. Overall, the article underscores the transformative impact of real-time monitoring and control on modern industrial automation, paving the way for a smarter, safer, and more efficient industrial future.

A human society has emerged, the process of its development has never been without communication. There have always been connections between people, clan communities, tribes, peoples, nations, and finally countries that united them territorially, economically, and politically, and because of these connections, roads appeared. When we look at our ancient history, we know that certain specialized ways have appeared since the Bronze Age of human society, and in some places much earlier. Their emergence was caused by economic, ethnic, political and cultural needs arising from tribes, peoples and interstate relations. The famous “Great Silk Road” caravan route can be called a centuries-old symbol of relations between the East and the West. We can see that the intercontinental road stretches for 10,000 kilometers and has become a garden connecting Eastern countries with the Mediterranean Sea.

Simultaneous interpreting is a complex cognitive process that requires high linguistic proficiency, quick decision-making, and the ability to manage multiple tasks at once. Modern training methods for simultaneous interpreters incorporate technological advancements, cognitive strategies, and skill-based exercises. This article explores the most effective techniques used in interpreter training, including shadowing, sight translation, note-taking strategies, and virtual reality simulations. Additionally, it discusses the role of artificial intelligence and digital tools in enhancing the learning process.

The scientific research focuses on the systematic approach to analyzing experimental data and deriving an effective mathematical model that best represents the underlying phenomena. This process involves data collection, pre-processing, statistical analysis, and model selection. By using optimization techniques and mathematical tools, researchers aim to identify the most accurate and efficient model, ensuring that it not only fits the experimental data but also generalizes well to future experiments. The work typically includes model validation, error analysis, and refinement to ensure the model’s robustness and predictive power. This process is crucial in various scientific and engineering fields where accurate modeling of complex systems is required for prediction and decision-making.

This article discusses the need to organize construction in compliance with labor protection rules and sanitary and hygienic standards and requirements when constructing industrial enterprises. It highlights the fact that people work in industrial enterprises during the construction process and that the human factor should be given top priority in these constructions.

This article is an important study of the problems that arise in relationships between young people, especially between boys aged 20-25 and their peers or romantic partners, in the process of personality formation, emotional growth and achieving personal goals. Psychological research and scientific articles, by studying the relationships between individuals of this age, help to understand the problems more deeply.

"The Impact of PISA: Understanding Global Education Trends" explores how the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) has reshaped educational systems around the world. It examines how PISA's standardized testing has influenced education policy, teaching methods, and curriculum development in participating countries. The article also discusses the criticisms of PISA, including concerns about test-driven learning and cultural bias, while highlighting how global benchmarking has sparked both reforms and debates in education. Through comparative data analysis, the piece sheds light on best practices and the complexities of assessing education quality across diverse contexts.

This study examines the literary development of poetic drama in the works of 20th-century English poets, with a particular focus on T.S. Eliot and W.B. Yeats. Both poets revitalized poetic drama by blending traditional verse forms with modern themes, creating works that bridged the gap between classical influence and contemporary concerns. Eliot, through plays like Murder in the Cathedral and The Family Reunion, brought religious and philosophical depth to the stage. Meanwhile, Yeats infused Irish mythology and symbolism into his dramas, such as At the Hawk's Well and The Death of Cuchulain, contributing to the Irish Literary Revival. The annotation explores how these poets used poetic language not just for aesthetic value, but to explore identity, time, and spiritual conflict.

This article explores the growing influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on various aspects of modern society. It highlights the integration of AI into daily life, its transformative effect on the workforce, and its revolutionary impact on fields such as healthcare and education. The article also addresses the ethical challenges posed by AI and emphasizes the importance of responsible development and implementation. Through this examination, the article aims to provide a balanced perspective on how AI can contribute to the advancement of society while acknowledging the need for ethical oversight and inclusive policies.

This article explores the methodology for using the findings from international assessment studies, specifically PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) and TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study), to enhance biology teaching. It outlines how biology educators can analyze the frameworks of these assessments, identify performance trends, and tailor their instruction to address gaps in student knowledge. The article also emphasizes the importance of adopting innovative teaching practices, such as inquiry-based learning and technology integration, which are identified in high-performing countries. By incorporating data-driven decision-making, teachers can improve their pedagogy, foster critical thinking skills, and prepare students for future scientific challenges. Ultimately, this article highlights how these international assessments can be used as valuable tools for curriculum development and professional growth in biology education.

The article analyzes the integration of digital technologies in the educational system and its effective management. Digital technologies create a wide range of opportunities to modernize the educational process, expand the learning opportunities of students, and improve the work efficiency of teachers. The article also highlights the importance of innovative technologies such as e-learning platforms, artificial intelligence, virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR), interactive educational programs. For the successful implementation of digital technologies in education, important management tasks are discussed, such as developing infrastructure, improving digital literacy of teachers, establishing electronic assessment systems, and ensuring cyber security of students.

This in the article Baburnama various world to their languages translation to be done process and his/her scientific historical importance analysis The work is a how many languages, including Turkish, Persian, English, French, German, Russian​ and Uzbek in their languages translation published​​ Each​​ translation version own period and in culture how impact also shows that the translators the work how approaching translation that he did about in detail information is brought. The Baburnama translations historical source as studied, its world peoples to culture impact are illuminated.

This in the article Alisher Navoi of his works in student’s moral upbringing in formation place and importance analysis. The writer 's rich spiritual heritage, in its moral of ideas deep content and them students to education implementation to grow methodology Navoi is also​​ works through education in the process humanity, justice, honesty, patience, humility such as qualities in formation effective pedagogical methods offer is being done.

The article provides a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of SEO optimization and social networks in the context of attracting a target audience in direct marketing. It considers the main strategies and methods used for website optimization and promotion in social networks, as well as their impact on brand visibility, interaction with potential customers and conversion. It examines key performance indicators (KPI) for SEO and social networks, as well as their role in creating long-term and effective relationships with the target audience. Based on the analysis, recommendations are presented for choosing the most effective channels depending on the goals and specifics of the business.

The article provides an in-depth examination of how cutting-edge technological innovations are being used to address the social challenges faced by children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It outlines the significant potential of tools such as virtual and augmented reality, artificial intelligence, mobile applications, wearable devices, and online platforms in enhancing social communication, emotional understanding, and behavioral regulation. The article emphasizes how these technologies offer controlled, repetitive, and engaging environments that help children with ASD practice social skills in a safe and supportive way. The article concludes by advocating for the responsible and inclusive integration of emerging technologies into educational and therapeutic settings to better support the social development and integration of neurodiverse children.

This article discusses various methodologies that can be employed to enhance student competence in programming technology education. It highlights the importance of adopting innovative teaching strategies to better equip students with the skills necessary for success in the tech industry. The article focuses on techniques such as Project-Based Learning (PBL), flipped classrooms, gamification, peer programming, adaptive learning, real-world industry exposure, and continuous assessment. These methodologies are aimed at fostering a deeper understanding of programming concepts, improving problem-solving abilities, and preparing students for real-world challenges. By integrating these approaches into programming education, educators can create an engaging and effective learning environment that nurtures both technical and interpersonal skills, preparing students for successful careers in technology.

This article presents practical recommendations for artists working in the portrait and landscape genres of painting. It explores essential elements such as composition, lighting, color harmony, and brushwork techniques specific to each genre. Special attention is given to observational skills, the use of reference materials, and the importance of emotional expression in art. The tips provided aim to enhance both beginner and experienced artists’ ability to create visually compelling and meaningful artworks.

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the pedagogical process of the modern educator. It examines the role of contemporary teachers in the educational process, focusing on their pedagogical approaches, methodologies, and practices. The study discusses the core principles of pedagogical processes, the changes in teaching practices aligned with modern educational demands, and the implementation of pedagogical innovations in educational institutions. The article also covers strategies for enhancing teachers' competencies and professional development. Practical applications of teaching skills, styles, and methodologies, along with the impact of new technologies and methods on the educational process, are discussed. The paper includes practical recommendations for meeting modern educational requirements and improving pedagogical practices.

Education first in the year general speech less developed five old children whole group in frontal classes with training material complete to master It can't . It's not only of speech development , but attention and to memory , quickly fatigue and also affects fatigue does . That's why for speech therapy training , as well as partially educational training transfer for the group the speech develop level into account received without two small to the group to be recommendation is being done .

The article pays great attention to the behavior, tone and nature of speech activity of a speech therapist when conducting speech therapy training. A strict regime of saving working time, maximum speech activity of children, not to be drowned by lengthy explanations and examples of a speech therapist, an accurate differentiated assessment of the activities of each child indicate the necessary conditions for the effectiveness of each lesson.

This article discusses in detail the importance of massage in the process of logopedic exercises conducted with children who have speech defects, as well as the types, tools, and methods of massage.

 This article provides a comprehensive overview of the types of logopedic massage, the importance of point massage in speech disorders; it fully covers the history of point massage and the methods of its application.

In this article, the importance of exclamations in conveying the content and pragmatic purpose expressed in the artistic text is analyzed at the linguopoetic level. At the same time, it is considered that exclamations are derivatives of the historical and cultural harmony of the language of a certain nation (uzbek) and a language unit that reveals the psyche of the language owner.

Subtitling in movies and TV series is a multifaceted process that demands a sophisticated application of linguistic principles to ensure seamless communication across linguistic and cultural boundaries. This article provides an in-depth exploration of how linguistic aspects—syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and cultural adaptation—are strategically employed in audiovisual translation (AVT) to produce effective subtitles. Through a detailed qualitative analysis of subtitling practices in globally distributed English-language media, the study examines the interplay between linguistic accuracy, technical constraints, and audience reception. Examples from popular series and films illustrate how these elements enhance comprehension and engagement. The findings emphasize that high-quality subtitling requires a delicate balance of fidelity to the source text, readability under time-space limitations, and sensitivity to cultural nuances, offering valuable insights for AVT professionals and researchers.

This article explores the concept, content, and necessity of the "green economy," a transformative economic model designed to foster sustainable development while addressing the global environmental crises. It outlines how the green economy promotes economic growth through renewable energy, energy efficiency, sustainable agriculture, and a circular economy. The article emphasizes the importance of resource conservation, the creation of green jobs, and the protection of biodiversity. Additionally, it underscores the necessity of transitioning to a green economy in response to pressing global challenges such as climate change, resource depletion, pollution, and social inequality. The green economy is positioned as a solution that can drive innovation, economic resilience, and environmental sustainability, benefiting both current and future generations.

This article explores the classification of working time expenditure in modern organizations, outlining how employees' work hours can be categorized into direct, indirect, idle, administrative, and personal time. It discusses methods for tracking working time, highlights the benefits of classification in enhancing productivity and resource management, and addresses the challenges related to implementation. The article provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and optimizing time use in various professional settings.

This article extensively examines the problem of transforming a quadratic form into its canonical form. There are several methods to simplify and bring a quadratic form into a convenient and straightforward form, one of which is the Jacobian method. The article discusses how to apply the Jacobian method, its advantages, and provides examples and practical instructions related to the calculation processes. This method pays special attention to the coefficients and signs of the quadratic form.

This article analyzes the political, social, and legal aspects of ensuring gender equality, as well as its significance in strengthening relations between the state and society, from a scientific point of view.

This article explores the importance of student motivation in higher education and highlights how interactive teaching methods can significantly enhance learners' engagement and academic performance. It discusses various approaches such as collaborative learning, flipped classrooms, technology-enhanced tools, and problem-based learning. By shifting the educational focus from passive listening to active participation, these methods foster both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The article also addresses potential challenges in implementation and emphasizes the need for institutional support to successfully integrate interactive strategies in modern classrooms.

The economy of Uzbekistan has been developing rapidly in recent years, and investment activity plays an important role in this process. Investments are important in ensuring the country's economic growth, creating new jobs and supporting technological development. This article examines the investment activity of Uzbekistan and the factors affecting it.

This article studies the emphasis on musical instruments and music in the performance of folklore epics in Khorezm. It also deals with the peculiarities of the melodies, melodies have their own names, and it makes difficulty and responsibility for bakhshis to memorize them. It aims at the investigation of the repertoire of bakhshis and performance skills as well. Furthermore, the article gives information concerning the following. Bakhshi must have faith and dynamic energy, zeal toward his profession. Suyav Bakhshi Muhammad Rahimkhan from Khorezm sang the epic "Erogli" at Soniy-Feruz for 21 nights, and even Amin Bakhshi from Poyarik sang the epic "Alpomish" for three months. It seems that the skill of the bakhshi depends on numerous things. Everything related with the art of singing folklore epics starts with tradition. Additionally, the tradition of singing folklore epics has passed on from generation to generation. The sequence of talented bakhshis can make all the folklore epics elaborate. The article provides examples of the conditions in which bakhshis develop their skills of singing folklore epics.  The article also cites examples of the fact that the tradition of storytelling has been passed down from generation to generation over the centuries, and talented performers have constantly improved it, but the personal skills of the performer have emerged only in the context of tradition.  Interesting information is given about the inability of the performer, who did not know the secrets of epic poetry, to show his skills, the fact that this mystery is mainly reflected in the composition of the epic, and in folklore it is called an epic pattern.

This article explores the semantic and structural aspects of binomial phrases in English and Uzbek through a comparative-linguistic approach. Binomial phrases, characterized by their fixed or semi-fixed word order, rhythmic balance, and semantic integrity, are analyzed to identify patterns of stability, reversibility, and meaning shifts. The study considers phonological, semantic, and frequency-based principles in binomial formation, examining their cognitive and cultural implications in both languages. Additionally, the article investigates the role of metonymic shifts, idiomaticity, and historical linguistic development in shaping binomial expressions. By leveraging corpus-based data and theoretical perspectives from phraseology and cognitive linguistics, the research provides insights into the cross-linguistic features of binomials and their role in language economy and cultural representation.

This article is conducted on the topic of "using borrowings in social media and digital technologies". With the development of digital technologies, bloggers and influencers are forced to look for new ways to communicate with their audiences. The main goal of this study is to deeply study the ways in which bloggers and influencers use borrowings, as well as analyze the impact of these words on communication with the audience. Borrowings on digital platforms is often considered an important factor that determines the personality and communication style of a brand. These words play an important role in shaping the image of a brand on social networks and strengthening interactions with the audience. This study examines the adoption of borrowings on social networks, their impact on relationships between users, and the role they play in the communication process. The study will explore how bloggers and influencers use borrowings, how they are reflected in their content, and how they are perceived by their audiences. The study will also examine the impact of borrowings on user experience and their role in improving the effectiveness of digital communication.

This in the article In Uzbekistan village in places population marriage well-being improve and  population work employment with to provide​ main priority goal directions is placed . Current time on demand mainly this village in places new enterprises organization to grow  through done fast is being increased . Village in places  modern life with connected , modern techniques , technologies and modern enterprises build to grow  enters .

This article examines the role of econometric research in enhancing economic development. It emphasizes the importance of quantitative analysis in policymaking, investment planning, and performance evaluation. Through case studies and a review of literature, the study highlights how the effective application of econometric models improves resource allocation, forecasts economic trends, and supports evidence-based decisions. It also discusses the challenges in implementing econometric findings in developing economies and suggests strategies to bridge the gap between research and practice.

 Background: Pyoderma, a common purulent skin infection in both humans and animals, is traditionally managed with systemic antibiotics. However, the increasing bacterial resistance—especially among methicillin‐resistant staphylococci—has heightened interest in the use of topical antiseptic agents. The antiseptics’ potential to deliver high local concentrations with a lower risk of systemic toxicity makes them attractive alternatives or adjuncts to systemic therapy. Objectives: This article reviews the modern role of antiseptic agents in the treatment of pyoderma, focusing on efficacy and safety. The study synthesizes clinical data, in vitro susceptibility profiles, and adverse effect data from multiple investigations. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted across several databases. Data were extracted regarding the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of common pyoderma pathogens (e.g., Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus aureus) to topical antiseptics (chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine, benzalkonium chloride, among others) and clinical studies reporting treatment outcomes. Data were synthesized into descriptive summaries and tabulated to compare clinical efficacy, safety profiles, and adverse events. Results: Recent studies indicate that antiseptics such as chlorhexidine formulations and povidone-iodine demonstrate broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and remain effective against both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant isolates. Clinical studies reported comparable improvement in lesion resolution when using topical antiseptics compared with systemic therapy in cases of superficial pyoderma. Adverse effects tend to be mild and mostly local (e.g., skin irritation), with a favorable safety profile when used at appropriate concentrations. Conclusions: Topical antiseptic agents offer a viable alternative or adjunct to systemic antibiotic therapy in the management of pyoderma, especially in the light of growing resistance concerns. Their ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and minimal systemic toxicity underscore their importance. Future research should focus on standardizing treatment protocols and exploring combination strategies with systemic agents to further reduce the risk of resistance.

This article presents the role of the use of modern technologies in the organization of technology classes and the main reasons for managing the educational process with their help

This in the article preschool education organizations in their pupils creative potential in development interactive from presentations of use advantages illuminated . In children independent thinking , imagination to do , new ideas previously push such as creative skills in formation modern information technologies , especially interactive​ presentations impact analysis Also in the article​ interactive presentations lesson to the processes integration to do according to effective methods cited .

The role of painting technologies in modern education is increasingly increasing. The use of integrative approach methods in this process is important not only for the development of artistic and aesthetic thinking of students, but also for the formation of their professional competencies. The article analyzes the essence of integrative approaches in painting technology, their influence on the educational process and their effectiveness.

This paper explores the potential of Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) technology as a sustainable, non-thermal method for food processing. PEF applies short, high-voltage electric pulses to liquid and solid food products to achieve microbial inactivation, enhance mass transfer, and preserve nutritional and sensory qualities. The study highlights the working principles of PEF, its integration into industrial systems, and its effectiveness in improving oil extraction and minimizing energy consumption. PEF is shown to be a promising technology for meeting the growing consumer demand for minimally processed, high-quality foods.

This article provides information about the origins and historical development of political parties operating in the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as their activities. Additionally, it discusses the development of these parties and the efforts made for their growth, highlighting the advantages of a multiparty system.

in this article, the teacher expresses reflections on the culture of speech and its specific tools, as well as the role and importance of speech culture in the activities of the teacher. 

This article explores the role of Korean migrants in the socio-economic development of the Russian Far East during the second half of the 19th century. It examines the historical context of Korean migration, the reasons for emigration from Korea, and the conditions that enabled their successful settlement in the Primorye and Amur regions. The study highlights the economic contributions of Koreans, particularly in agriculture, as well as their gradual integration into local society while preserving cultural identity. The presence of Korean communities not only supported the development of remote territories but also strengthened Russia's geopolitical position in East Asia.

This article examines the impact of technology on the education system, highlighting both the opportunities and risks that accompany the integration of digital tools in learning environments. The rapid development of technological innovations has brought about significant changes in the way education is delivered, offering enhanced accessibility, flexibility, collaboration, and personalized learning. However, the article also addresses the challenges associated with technology in education, including the digital divide, over-reliance on digital tools, privacy concerns, and the need for adequate teacher training. The article emphasizes the importance of balancing the benefits of technology with the potential risks to create an equitable and effective educational system.

The emergence of automation and robotics technologies has radically transformed the economic landscape across the globe. From manufacturing to services, agriculture to logistics, and retail to healthcare, virtually every sector has felt the profound impacts of these innovations. While these technologies promise increased efficiency, productivity, and economic growth, they also present several complex challenges. This paper explores the multifaceted impacts of automation and robotics on the modern economy, the challenges they pose to labor markets, education systems, regulatory frameworks, and income distribution, and suggests potential strategies for inclusive and sustainable development in the face of these transformations.

This article explores the use of interactive methods in teaching mathematics at the primary school level and emphasizes their importance in the learning process. It examines how these methods can be adapted to different grade levels and how they contribute to developing students’ logical thinking, independence, and interest in the subject. The article also provides recommendations for organizing engaging and effective lessons based on modern pedagogical approaches.

This in the article hyperbolic of equations scientific-theoretical basics , practical application​ and teaching in the process applicable effective methodical approaches wide illuminated . In it of education modern requirements , digital tools , interdisciplinary integration and project activity based on education​ technologies analysis Also , the topic​ in mastering students creative and analytical thinking skills to develop aimed at practical methods recommendation Article​​ methodical in terms of deep , modern approaches based on prepared to be a practitioner teachers and Methodists for manual task transition possible .

Today, people use a large number of gadgets, each of which provides interaction with its owner using an Internet connection. Of course, these are primarily smartphones, but also other wearable and not so wearable devices. In any user's smartphone, you can find many useful applications that help you move around the city, country and world, make financial transactions, place orders in cafes and restaurants and pay for them without waiting for the bill from the waiters. The article outlines the role and necessity of using digital marketing tools in brand management and promotion.

Scabies remains a significant public health concern worldwide, particularly in regions facing elevated levels of external (international) and internal (domestic) migration. This article examines the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of scabies under conditions of population mobility and highlights strategies to enhance diagnostic accuracy. Key aspects include the role of socioeconomic factors, household crowding, and barriers to healthcare access. Advances in diagnostic methods—ranging from classic microscopic examination of skin scrapings to modern technologies like dermoscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy—are also discussed. By integrating clinical findings with improved epidemiological surveillance and diagnostic capacities, health systems can better address the spread of scabies in high-risk, mobile populations.

This article discusses the epidemiological features of scabies and modern approaches to its diagnostics. Scabies remains a common parasitic disease in many regions of the world, and its epidemiology is highly dependent on socio-economic conditions, population density and the general level of medical literacy. Particular attention is paid to improving diagnostic methods: from classical methods (scraping microscopy) to modern technologies (dermatoscopy, confocal microscopy). Recommendations for improving screening and detection of the disease at early stages are presented.

Background: Congenital short frenulum of the tongue (ankyloglossia) and upper lip (lip-tie) are developmental anomalies that can interfere with key oral functions, including breastfeeding, speech articulation, and oral hygiene. Despite their prevalence, they are often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and surgical outcomes of patients with congenital short lingual and/or labial frenulum, and to assess the effectiveness and safety of frenotomy and frenuloplasty. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 72 pediatric patients diagnosed with short frenulum was analyzed. Clinical assessment tools included the Hazelbaker Assessment Tool and Coryllos classification. Surgical interventions consisted of frenotomy and frenuloplasty, with follow-up over six months to evaluate outcomes. Results: Significant improvements were observed in breastfeeding (91%), speech clarity (78%), and oral hygiene (75%) post-surgery. Complication rates were low, with only minor transient bleeding and discomfort in a small subset of patients. Surgical success was comparable between frenotomy and frenuloplasty. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and surgical management of congenital short frenulum in the tongue and lip yield high functional success and low complication rates. Multidisciplinary evaluation and standardized assessment tools enhance outcomes and patient care.

 This article discusses Ahmad Shamlu, one of the most prominent representatives of contemporary Iranian literature. It highlights his contribution to modern Persian poetry, his collections, translations, and personal life, as well as the restrictions imposed during his time due to the political regime.

This article explores the crucial role of logistics in the development of marketing strategies within various industries of the economy. It emphasizes the interconnectedness between logistics and marketing functions, highlighting how efficient supply chain management, transportation, and distribution networks directly impact marketing performance. The paper investigates the ways in which logistics contribute to product availability, customer satisfaction, cost reduction, and competitive advantage in the marketplace. Moreover, it examines modern trends in logistics, including digitalization and automation, and their influence on the evolution of marketing practices. The study also delves into how companies can align logistics and marketing strategies to optimize their operations and improve market positioning.

Bilingual education plays an important role in the modern education system and plays an important role in the development of linguistic and academic skills for students. This article illuminates the advantages, difficulties and prospects of bilingual education. The results of the study show that bilingual education also serves not only to increase linguistic competence, but also to build cultural bridges.

This article analyzes the importance of ensuring social stability in society and the factors influencing it. Social stability serves to maintain peace, justice, and balance among citizens. The research examines threats to social stability, particularly issues such as unemployment, poverty, information security problems, and the dangers arising from radicalism. The article highlights the essential role of civil society institutions in ensuring social stability. Moreover, several proposals are presented to prevent social instability and to strengthen overall stability. The results of the study demonstrate the necessity of a systematic approach in legal, economic, informational, and spiritual domains to achieve stability within society.

This article focuses on an interactive application developed using Python and the Flask web framework for calculating the rank of a matrix. Matrix rank, a fundamental concept in linear algebra, represents the degree of linear independence of a matrix's rows or columns and is widely applied in areas such as linear systems, data compression, machine learning, and scientific research. The application enables users to input the dimensions and elements of a matrix, computes its rank using the NumPy library, and displays the result in a user-friendly interface. This tool is particularly beneficial in educational contexts for demonstrating linear algebra principles, as well as in research and practical applications that require efficient mathematical analysis. The article thoroughly explores the application's functionalities, technical structure, mathematical foundation, and practical significance, showcasing its role as a reliable and interactive computational resource for modern technological advancements.

In modern mathematics and technology, matrices occupy an important position, and their analytical and computational properties have become one of the main topics of fundamental research. Matrix color (rank) computation is important in various interdisciplinary studies, including linear algebra, differential equations, artificial intelligence algorithms, and data compression processes.

In the article future in psychologists reflective of thought importance and himher, psychological preparation in the process of formation psychological features illuminated. Reflective thinking is​ person's own thoughts, feelings and movements analysis to do ability is, it is professional growing important factor is considered. Research during theoretical analysis and practical experiments through reflective thinking development effective methods Also, psychology​​ in the direction of in student’s reflection formation according to methodical recommendations working released.

This article explores the effective methods of using digital technologies in primary education. It focuses on how digital tools and resources can enhance teaching and learning in the early years of education. The paper discusses various digital technologies, including interactive platforms, educational software, online learning tools, and multimedia resources, that can support primary school students in developing essential skills such as literacy, numeracy, and critical thinking. Additionally, the article highlights the benefits of incorporating technology into the classroom, such as increasing student engagement, facilitating personalized learning, and improving access to resources. It also examines the challenges that educators face when integrating digital technologies into their teaching and provides recommendations for overcoming these obstacles to ensure the effective use of technology in primary education.

 The study of the intellectual heritage left by our ancestors and the analysis of historical portraits created by artists play a crucial role in shaping a sense of national pride among future art teachers.

This article explores modern pedagogical technologies for effectively teaching the topic of projections defined by numerals in engineering graphics and descriptive geometry. The study emphasizes interactive methods, digital visualization tools, and step-by-step instructional strategies to enhance students’ spatial imagination and mathematical thinking. The integration of numerically defined projections into the curriculum not only strengthens technical drawing skills but also improves learners’ ability to interpret complex spatial relationships. The paper also analyzes challenges faced by students and proposes solutions for better comprehension and engagement.

This article presents the development of assignments in the subject of Fundamentals of Graphical Representation. It highlights the importance of structured tasks aimed at improving students' understanding of basic concepts in technical drawing, including orthographic projection, axonometry, and section views. The study focuses on task-based learning as a method to enhance visualization, precision, and independent problem-solving skills. Special attention is given to the integration of didactic principles and modern teaching technologies to make the learning process more effective and engaging.

The development of speech in preschool children, their speech is formed and improved in the process of communication with adults. In this process, children should receive comprehensive assistance from adults: parents, educators, and mentors.

This article provides a comprehensive overview of person-centered learning (PCL) in the context of economics education. It outlines the theoretical foundations of PCL, practical strategies for implementation, and empirical evidence of its benefits. The inclusion of examples, such as market simulations and student-led projects, makes the content accessible to educators seeking actionable methods. The article also addresses potential challenges, offering practical solutions to ensure successful adoption. It is a valuable resource for economics instructors aiming to enhance student engagement and understanding through student-centered approaches.

This work provides a detailed analysis of laboratory diagnostics of sepsis and its pathophysiological basis. The systemic inflammatory reactions and coagulation system disorders that occur in the body during the development of sepsis are scientifically reviewed. The role of laboratory diagnostic methods, including a complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), lactate level, D-dimer and microbiological tests in the diagnosis is revealed. The importance of each laboratory parameter in the detection and assessment of the severity of sepsis is also highlighted. The need for changes in laboratory parameters based on pathophysiological mechanisms and the need to make clinical decisions based on them is scientifically substantiated. The study emphasizes the vital importance of early diagnosis of sepsis, proper monitoring and treatment strategies. The results of the work show that a correct understanding of the laboratory examination and pathophysiology of sepsis can improve the quality of life of patients and reduce mortality.

This article investigates diverse methodological approaches for cultivating spirituality and moral qualities in preschool children, emphasizing the critical role of early childhood education in shaping lifelong ethical and reflective capacities. Drawing on theories from moral psychology, spiritual pedagogy, and developmental education, the study proposes an integrative model that weaves together virtue‐based instruction, experiential learning, guided reflection, and culturally responsive practices. Key components include narrative pedagogy (storytelling and parable use), ritualized group activities (gratitude circles, cooperative games), artistic expression (music, visual arts, movement), and reflective dialogue facilitated through age‐appropriate questioning. The paper synthesizes empirical findings demonstrating that these methods foster core virtues—empathy, compassion, honesty, and respect-while nurturing a nascent spiritual awareness characterized by wonder, interconnectedness, and self‐transcendence. Attention is also given to the involvement of families and community traditions as co‐educators in reinforcing moral narratives and spiritual rituals. By analyzing case studies and program evaluations from diverse cultural settings, the article identifies best practices for curriculum design, educator training, and assessment strategies that respect children’s developmental stages and cultural backgrounds. The proposed framework offers practical guidelines for early childhood practitioners seeking to embed moral and spiritual formation into daily preschool routines, thereby laying a solid foundation for children’s ethical growth, social responsibility, and inner well‐being.

This article explores the integration of advanced pedagogical technologies in primary education to enhance students' written literacy skills. It provides a comprehensive overview of various technological tools and teaching strategies that educators can implement in the classroom, focusing on their effectiveness in fostering writing abilities among young learners. The article discusses the significance of digital literacy in today’s educational landscape and presents case studies demonstrating successful applications of these technologies. Additionally, it addresses challenges that educators may face in incorporating technology and offers solutions to ensure a balanced approach to literacy instruction. By engaging students through interactive platforms and personalized learning experiences, the article emphasizes the potential for technology to transform traditional literacy education, making it more relevant and effective.

Professional burnout among educators has become a growing concern in the modern educational environment, significantly affecting both the psychological well-being of teachers and the quality of education. This article explores the concept of psychoprophylaxis as a preventive approach aimed at reducing and managing professional burnout in teachers. It highlights the main causes of burnout, including chronic stress, emotional overload, high workload, lack of professional recognition, and insufficient support from administration and society. The research focuses on identifying effective psychoprophylactic strategies that can be integrated into teachers' daily routines to enhance their emotional resilience and coping skills. These strategies include psychological counseling, time management training, mindfulness techniques, peer support programs, and regular stress assessments. Special attention is given to the importance of fostering a positive work climate, promoting self-care practices, and encouraging professional development to maintain long-term motivation and job satisfaction. The study also analyzes psychological models of burnout and their applicability in the field of education, emphasizing early detection and intervention methods. Based on empirical findings and theoretical perspectives, the article provides practical recommendations for school administrators, psychologists, and educators themselves to build a sustainable system for mental health support in educational institutions. By implementing psychoprophylactic measures, educational systems can not only improve the mental health of educators but also positively influence the learning environment and overall student success.

The article proposes the implementation of an innovative system based on the "spiral of silence" theory — one of the communicative approaches in the process of managing stress and conflicts in general education institutions. It reveals mechanisms for identifying and preventing hidden conflicts through the creation of a psychologically safe environment, anonymous exchange of opinions, and opportunities for open dialogue.

congenital heart defects in pregnant women are a very common pathology in the practice of a cardiologist and obstetrician-gynecologist, and can cause complications at different stages of pregnancy.

This in the article abroad , including Singapore​ in the economy investments attractiveness increase roads studied . Economics investments attraction to do according to world from practice come out , state clear and stable legislation base create need , investment activity special competent organs in person , first next , the state by order of the place relevant system working exit need statement With this​ together , talents attraction to do and to them conditions create to the issues attention focused .

 This article examines the effective use of graphic organizers in 3rd–4th grade native language lessons. Drawing on cognitive learning theory and empirical studies, it explores how visual tools such as mind maps, Venn diagrams, Tcharts, and fishbone (causeandeffect) diagrams can foster analytical thinking, strengthen comprehension, and support the organization of ideas in young learners. Practical guidelines for selecting and implementing appropriate organizers are provided, along with examples of classroom activities tailored to the developmental level of 8–10yearolds. The findings suggest that integrating graphic organizers systematically into lesson planning enhances students’ engagement and deepens their understanding of narrative and expository texts.

This article analyzes the concept of sustainable economic growth, its theoretical framework and practical application. The dynamic model of sustainable economic growth, the necessary conditions for ensuring it, and global experience will be studied. Strategies aimed at ensuring the sustainability of this growth in various sectors of the economy will also be considered. The article concludes with recommendations on ensuring sustainable growth of the economy of Uzbekistan.

The article provides information about the house-museum of one of the great figures of Aybek.  In the house-museum named after Aybek, there are many memories from which young people can learn.

The theоreticаl fоundаtiоns оf the develоpment аnd mаnаgement оf tоurist аctivities in the histоricаl cities оf Uzbekistаn аre studied scientific аspects. In pаrticulаr, prоpоsаls аnd recоmmendаtiоns hаve been develоped оn the оrgаnizаtiоn аnd mаnаgement оf tоurist cоmpleхes in the prоcess оf increаsing their investment аttrаctiveness оn the bаsis оf eхisting prоblems with increаsing tоurism аnd the number оf fоreign tоurists, wаys tо eliminаte them, the fоrmаtiоn оf tоurist cоmpleхes with high efficiency, imprоving the investment climаte in the regiоns.

This article examines the use of case technology in the dual education system. The dual education system is aimed at providing students with theoretical and practical knowledge, and case technology helps develop students' problem-solving skills. The study compared the effectiveness of case technology in dual education between the experimental and control groups. The results showed that case technology is effective in increasing students' knowledge and motivation to learn. This article provides practical recommendations for the use of case technology in dual education and suggests directions for further research.

This article discusses the important aspects of the student portfolio in the development of students' intellectual abilities, including motivational, cognitive and metacognitive components. In the current period of development, every country is forced to strengthen its future and think about it tomorrow. In our country, many opportunities have been created for the upbringing of the younger generation, their comprehensive support, and the active participation of talented and capable youth, and there are enough conditions for this for everyone.

 This article examines the role of implicature and inference in conversations about marriage, highlighting how these linguistic phenomena shape interpersonal communication and understanding between partners. By analyzing dialogues from various cultural contexts, we explore how implicature—what is suggested but not explicitly stated—and inference—the process through which listeners derive meaning—play crucial roles in marital discourse. The findings suggest that effective communication in marriage often relies on shared knowledge, cultural norms, and contextual cues, which can lead to both positive interactions and misunderstandings. This study contributes to the understanding of language use in intimate relationships and offers insights for improving marital communication.

The article discusses the doublet meaning of tourist terms, as well as their lexico-semantic and lexicographic properties.

This article philosophically analyzes the role of youth in the state and society, important factors and prospects for educating young people in the spirit of national spiritual values, and also reveals the importance of the national language, national cultural heritage, national traditions as national values.

This аrticle philоsоphicаlly аnаlyzes the rоle оf yоuth in the stаte аnd sоciety, impоrtаnt fаctоrs аnd prоspects fоr their upbringing in the spirit оf nаtiоnаl spirituаl vаlues. The impоrtаnce оf the nаtiоnаl lаnguаge, nаtiоnаl culturаl heritаge, аnd nаtiоnаl trаditiоns аs nаtiоnаl vаlues ​​is reveаled.

The mentoring relationship is an important process for assessing the assimilation of a new employee into a new role. Mentoring is a collaborative process with your new employee and should have a variety of content and objectives. This article discusses the importance of mentoring in helping an employee navigate the learning curve and relationships inherent in any new role.

In this article, before creating any object, building, etc., their drawings are drawn. Drawing is a concept that is written about the idea of ​​​​a certain range of geometric constructions, in compliance with all the laws and regulations of the current state standard, and is carried out with the help of drawing tools in pursuit of a goal.

 This article talks about the forms, methods and ways of developing children's creative abilities through staging activities in preschool educational organizations.

This article examines the comparative typology and mutual translation of compound sentences in English and Uzbek. Compound sentences, formed by joining two or more independent clauses using coordinating conjunctions, play an essential role in both languages. The study explores the structure of compound sentences in English and Uzbek, focusing on the conjunctions and syntactical patterns used to connect clauses in both languages. While English relies heavily on coordinating conjunctions and punctuation such as commas and semicolons, Uzbek employs a more flexible word order and uses different conjunctions without strict punctuation rules. The article also addresses the challenges involved in translating compound sentences between the two languages, particularly the differences in conjunction usage, punctuation, and syntactic structures. The findings highlight the importance of understanding the typological features of each language to ensure accurate and meaningful translation. By exploring these aspects, the article contributes to a deeper understanding of compound sentence structures and translation issues between English and Uzbek.

This article analyzes the importance of transforming higher education institutions into a "Green University" system in the context of an innovative economy. The integration of development, environmental and economic efficiency in an innovative economy requires higher education institutions to ensure environmental sustainability and popularize knowledge aimed at sustainable development. The concept of a "Green University" includes environmental education, resource conservation, increasing energy efficiency, and the implementation of new technologies. Universities can contribute to promoting sustainable development in society by implementing "green" principles in the educational process. The article analyzes the economic and environmental significance of this concept, as well as innovative changes in educational institutions.

This thesis discusses the need for special education, the requirements of the period for the introduction of inclusive education, the needs for the introduction of an inclusive education system, the advantages of inclusive education and the forms of its implementation in the issues of adaptation to social life.

This article analyzes key indicators used to determine the level of investment and innovation activity of national economic entities. Evaluation criteria are developed based on international rankings, diagnostic approaches, and indicators tailored to national economic conditions. The article also puts forward practical suggestions for improving these indicators and their impact on economic growth.

This article focuses on the use of digital technologies in teaching the discipline of "Digital Circuitry." The research investigates the main role of digital tools in modern education, their influence on the learning process, and their effectiveness in helping students grasp the material. Particular emphasis is placed on tools such as simulation programs, virtual laboratories, and interactive platforms. The findings demonstrate that digital technologies enhance theoretical understanding and practical skill development.

This article examines the impact of the digital economy on the development of special economic zones (SEZs) in the Republic of Uzbekistan. It emphasizes the importance of digital technologies for attracting investments, implementing innovations, developing infrastructure, and training personnel. Successful projects, such as the "Jizzakh" SEZ, are highlighted, along with educational initiatives and sustainable technologies that contribute to ecological development. The article underscores the need for further support of digital initiatives to ensure sustainable economic growth and enhance Uzbekistan's competitiveness in the international arena.

 The article examines the role of economic competence and the problems of its development in bringing the quality of specialist training in our country into line with modern requirements.

This article explores the importance of effective communication in cross-cultural interactions and examines the common barriers that can arise due to cultural differences. It highlights the ways in which misunderstandings related to language, nonverbal communication, and cultural assumptions can hinder dialogue. By offering practical strategies such as active listening, cultural awareness, and communication flexibility the article provides readers with tools to navigate and overcome these challenges. It emphasizes the role of empathy, open-mindedness, and adaptability in building stronger, more respectful relationships across diverse cultural settings.

 This article reviews the scientific and practical foundations of using silk fiber waste in the production of filaments and scaffolds used in biomedicine. Silk fiber, as a natural biomaterial, has high biocompatibility, biodegradability and mechanical strength. Therefore, economic and ecologically effective solutions are proposed for regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and the creation of implants by recycling silk waste. The article discusses the technologies for processing silk waste, their physicochemical characteristics, as well as the possibilities of creating scaffolds using modern 3D bioprinters.

The primary education stage is foundational to a child's intellectual and emotional growth. As students enter primary school, they bring diverse backgrounds, abilities, and emotional needs. Consequently, an individualized approach to teaching—tailoring instruction to meet each student's specific needs—plays a critical role in optimizing both intellectual and emotional development. This article explores the significance of adopting such an approach in primary education and investigates its impact on cognitive, social, and emotional well-being. It examines how personalized learning, differentiated instruction, and continuous assessment foster intellectual growth, critical thinking, and academic motivation. Additionally, it discusses how emotional development is nurtured by providing emotional support, enhancing self-esteem, and fostering social skills. The article also addresses challenges such as resource limitations and teacher training, and advocates for the integration of individualized approaches into modern educational practices.

Halima Ahmedova is one of the authors of Uzbek literature with a modern and unique voice. Her works deeply cover social and psychological issues, among which gender issues occupy a special place. Halima Ahmedova's works analyze gender, that is, the roles, relationships, and social statuses between men and women. This article analyzes how gender characteristics are used in the writer's works and how they serve the author's artistic and social goals.

This article analyzes how green (ecological) advertising and consumers' environmental knowledge affect their intention to purchase green products. The results of the study show that consumers' environmental awareness and green advertising campaigns positively shape consumers' purchasing behavior. Green advertising emphasizes the environmental friendliness of products, creating a positive image in the minds of consumers. At the same time, increasing environmental knowledge strengthens consumers' sense of environmental responsibility and increases the demand for green products.

This article explores a range of innovative practices transforming primary and secondary education in response to the evolving needs of 21st-century learners. It highlights key approaches such as student-centered learning, project-based learning, flipped classrooms, the integration of technology, social and emotional learning (SEL), interdisciplinary STEAM education, and global citizenship education. These methods aim to enhance engagement, foster creativity, develop critical thinking, and prepare students for real-world challenges. The article also addresses the benefits, examples, and implementation challenges of these practices, emphasizing the need for systemic support to ensure their success.

The article considers the possibilities of using the project method in vocational educational institutions for meaningful extracurricular activities of students, improving their knowledge, skills and abilities in subjects. In the research process, systematic analysis, statistical and survey methods were used. The stages of organizing students' extracurricular activities based on the project method and the tasks of the subjects are determined. As a result of the effective organization of extracurricular activities, the possibilities of forming general cultural, general professional and professional competence of future specialists are revealed. In the process of project activities, it is stated that students form a holistic system of universal knowledge, skills and abilities, acquire skills to work independently with various information sources, and gain experience in independent work.

Digital of technologies training to the process impact and pedagogical efficiency topic education system to develop new approaches offer Today's​ per day, digital tools and of technologies in education application, students knowledge to take process further effective, interactive and individualized to do opportunities These technologies, for example, electronic textbooks, online platforms, virtual classrooms and digital resources through, to students own on time and in place education to take opportunity presented Also, teachers​​ lessons for​ effective organization to educate, students assessment and individual approach to them done in increasing convenience creates .

This research is devoted to the consideration of the reasons for using the human-machine interface in the automation of water management, the problems and advantages of its implementation. At the same time, the correct application of the human-machine interface for the effective use of water management in the conditions of Uzbekistan is envisaged.

Today, the relevance of digitalization of various spheres of human life has increased significantly: the world has changed a lot, so new solutions are needed . The article pays close attention to the problem of digitalization of education in higher education. We will talk about its necessity and the benefits it brings. You will also learn how digitalization changes the educational landscape and becomes a key element in organizing independent work of students of higher education institutions. Components of the digital educational environment are electronic educational resources (including electronic resources created to support the educational process; electronic training courses that are completely ready for the implementation of didactic tasks). As an example, a description is given of an electronic training course developed by the authors on the subject "Theory of Automatic Control" (in Uzbek), which is studied by students of the direction "Control and automation of technological processes of production".

This article tomato products drying process main methods and devices about in detail information gives. In the article tomatoes drying different kind methods, including natural​ drying, heat and vacuum drying technologies such as analysis Also, tomatoes​​ drying in the process applicable modern devices and their efficiency about information The article is about tomatoes. drying process optimization, its quality increase and product far term storage for the most good technologies when choosing help gives.

The current era of globalization and integration processes demonstrates that human culture has risen to a new qualitative level. Every nation and ethnic group possess its own ethnocultural genesis. In the course of this development process, each creates its own distinctive culture. Thus, culture cannot exist without a subject — meaning without a nation or an ethnic group. Reforms must be built upon national moral traditions; otherwise, they would threaten the existence of the nation itself and lead to its disappearance from the stage of history.

This work explores the application of the Harrington desirability function method in the food industry, emphasizing its role in optimizing multiple quality parameters simultaneously. The method enables food technologists to assess and balance sensory, nutritional, and safety attributes effectively. It is widely applied in product formulation, process optimization, packaging, and quality control. By converting complex, multidimensional data into a single desirability value, the Harrington method supports efficient decision-making and enhances product development. The paper highlights recent studies and practical applications, underlining its growing relevance in ensuring consistent quality and consumer satisfaction in modern food production systems.

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This article is devoted to the issue of the basic role of physiology in medical practice. The characteristics of physiology are presented, the directions of its development are outlined. A brief history of the development of physiological science is given with an emphasis on the Russian tradition. The thoughts of great physiologists on the basic role of physiology in medicine are presented. The physiological mechanisms of the relationship between a doctor and a patient are described. All of the following allows us to conclude that physiology provides not only theoretical knowledge for clinical medicine, but also a philosophical basis for medical practice in general.

This article explores the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching reading to school students. It highlights the transformative role of digital tools and resources in enhancing student engagement and literacy development. The article reviews various applications of ICT, including e-books, multimedia resources, reading apps, online collaboration tools, and assessment methods. Research findings indicate that ICT not only improves reading comprehension and fluency but also supports personalized learning experiences that cater to diverse student needs. While the benefits of ICT in reading instruction are substantial, challenges such as access to technology and the need for teacher training are also addressed.

This article analyzes the advanced experiences of foreign countries in organizing summer wellness seasons for preschool children. Among others, the philosophy of outdoor activities in Scandinavian countries ( friluftsliv ), specialized retreats in the United States (sports, arts, STEM), Japanese recreation programs based on national values, and Finnish educational approaches through play have been explored. On the basis of these foreign approaches, the possibilities of organizing eco-, cultural, technological and Family-Integrated summer wellness programs in the conditions of Uzbekistan are outlined. Proposals and recommendations for the training of pedagogical personnel, the involvement of families and the creation of a healthy environment have also been put forward. The article is of theoretical and practical importance in the modernization of summer wellness work in preschool education.

This article explores the evolving role of the bioeconomy in the 21st century as a catalyst for sustainable global development. It outlines how innovations in biotechnology, bio-based materials, and waste-to-value systems are transforming industries by reducing dependence on fossil fuels and promoting circular resource use. The article also addresses the socio-economic opportunities and policy challenges associated with scaling the bioeconomy, emphasizing its potential to contribute to climate change mitigation, job creation, and sustainable rural development.

This article explores the effectiveness of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS) in the construction industry, a sector known for its high risk of accidents and injuries. It outlines the core components of OHSMS, discusses key performance indicators used to evaluate their success, and describes various methods of assessment, including audits, employee feedback, and incident trend analysis. The article also highlights common challenges in implementation and evaluation, such as underreporting and project variability, and provides strategies for enhancing system performance. The study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive, data-driven, and participatory approach to ensure meaningful health and safety outcomes on construction sites.

This article explores the formation and utilization of credit resources in the banking sector of Uzbekistan, providing an in-depth analysis of the sources, efficiency, and challenges of credit resource allocation. It examines the primary sources of credit resources in Uzbekistan’s banking system, including customer deposits, interbank loans, capital markets, and central bank funding. The article also assesses the effectiveness of credit utilization, with a focus on risk management, interest rates, loan portfolio quality, and sectoral allocation. Additionally, it identifies challenges faced by the sector, such as underdeveloped capital markets and credit risk management, and offers recommendations for improving credit resource utilization. This analytical approach contributes valuable insights into the functioning of Uzbekistan's banking sector and its role in supporting economic development.

This article proposes an effective information systems architecture for identifying and managing financial risks in remote monitoring of budget spending.

 This article analyzes the main directions of contemporary philosophy and their impact on society. The philosophical principles of existentialism, postmodernism, neo-Marxism, pragmatism, and analytical philosophy, as well as their effects on politics, technology, culture, and social relations, are discussed. Furthermore, the article addresses how philosophy shapes human thinking, defines moral values, and influences the development of science. The practical significance of contemporary philosophy and its role in solving global issues are also summarized in the conclusion.

This article explores the current state, challenges, and future prospects of implementing International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in the accounting systems of Uzbekistan, particularly focusing on enterprises within the real sector. The study highlights the gap between national practices and IFRS, analyzes institutional readiness, and provides recommendations for effective convergence.

This article discusses the methodology for teaching students the correct perception of the shape of objects and their constructive structure in fine arts classes. The methods used to express form through shape, proportion, perspective, light and shadow, as well as the formation of observation and drawing skills are analyzed. This methodology plays an important role in the development of students' artistic thinking.

The article presents a method for evaluating the effectiveness of teaching methods in higher education institutions, with a focus on monitoring, evaluating, and preventing problems among faculty members. The results of the pilot study on the composition of the test subjects' (n = 87) experience are presented. The subjects' experience ranged from none to considerable. The presence of particular anthropometric and bioimpedance indicators has been identified, which are indicative of the specific group under investigation. Correlations have been identified between the age of the subjects, their age, and the number of subjects in the sample. The proposed algorithmic framework is predicated on the basis of the preceding biometric data. The present study aims to examine the efficacy of the method in the context of programmatic prevention of psychosocial problems among individuals engaged in psychosocial work.

This paper examines the essential features of designing school buildings for modern educational institutions. As education systems evolve, so must the physical environments in which learning takes place. The study highlights how flexible spaces, sustainable architecture, safety measures, technological integration, and inclusive design contribute to creating effective and future-ready schools. By considering the diverse needs of students, educators, and communities, well-designed school buildings can enhance academic performance, support mental and emotional well-being, and promote lifelong learning. The paper also explores the role of schools as cultural and community centers, emphasizing the importance of context-sensitive and adaptable designs.

This article explores the stages and results of transitioning from a centrally planned economy to a market-oriented system. It outlines the five major stages of the transition—macroeconomic stabilization, liberalization, privatization, institutional and legal reform, and social policy development—and explains the goals and mechanisms of each. The article also evaluates the outcomes of these reforms, highlighting both the economic successes and social challenges encountered by transitioning countries. Emphasis is placed on the diversity of national experiences and the critical role of institutions and governance in shaping results.