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ON THE LEXICAL-SEMANTIC FEATURES AND LEXICOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF
TOURIST TERMS OF THE UZBEKISTAN LANGUAGE
Raximova Maloxat Alloberganovna
UzDJTSU, Senior Lecturer, Department of Uzbek and Foreign Languages,
Abstract:
The article discusses the doublet meaning of tourist terms, as well as their lexico-
semantic and lexicographic properties.
Keywords:
terminology, tourist, heuristic, doublet, synonymy, homonymy, travel, antonymy.
Annotatsiya:
Maqolada turistik terminlarining dublet ma’nosi hamda leksik-semantik va
leksikografik xususiyatlari haqida fikr va mulohazalar yuritilgan.
Kalit so‘zlar:
terminalogiya, turistik, evristik, dublet, sinonimiya, omonimiya, sayohat,
antonimiya.
Аннотация:
В статье рассматривается двусмысленность туристических терминов, а также
их лексико-семантические и лексикографические свойства.
Ключевые слова:
терминология, турист, эвристика, дублет, синонимия, омонимия,
путешествие, антонимия.
In addition to recording and systematizing scientific knowledge and scientific results, terms also
perform a very large heuristic function, that is, they also contribute to the discovery of new
knowledge. One of the constant issues in terminology is the synonymy, homonymy, polysemy
and antonymy of terms. In the Uzbek tourism terminology, synonymous or doublet term pairs
are found.
In the Uzbek terminology, doublet terms such as “hotel” - “hotel”, “number” - “room”, “route” -
“direction”, “reception”, “administration” - “administration”, “tourist” - “tourist”, “tourism” -
“travel”, “agency” - “organization”, “recreation” - “entertainment”, “picnic” - “excursion”,
“second class - economy class”, “booking - booking” are found. The first units in these pairs
have a commonality because they are composed of international terminological elements, while
the second ones, because they belong to their own layer, have a more pronounced national-
cultural element.
In the doublet “hotel” - “hotel”, the lexical unit “hotel” is often found mainly in tourism
textbooks and in the speech of industry specialists. In colloquial speech, “hotel” and its Russian
form “гостиница” are actively used. The English variant “hotel” is also often found.
Since rooms in hotels are numbered, the term “number” is actively used in relation to them.
When we observe international tourism terminology, we see that there is a similar situation there:
accommodation - room. Both terms denote the meaning expressed by the unit of room. Although
“tourist” - “tourist”, “travel” - “tourism” are considered doublet terms, they have certain
differences within the field. “A new form of activity, tourism, has emerged as a separate
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attractive way of life, characterized by its own characteristics and features. The main feature that
distinguishes tourism from travel is its organizational organization, purposefulness and mass
nature.” [1.1]
The term tourist also has a broader meaning than the tourist unit. In the literature on tourism, it is
defined as follows: “A tourist is, first of all, a profession, if we may say so, a source of livelihood
for people or a way of life for those participating in the trip. This is the purpose of the activity,
which differs from the goals of tourism.” [2.1]
So, a tourist, as a person with free time and money, visits different regions. His main goal, unlike
a tourist, is to spend time voluntarily and meaningfully, to get acquainted with new places.
Although the above terms are considered duplicate terms, they have different aspects from a
semantic point of view. It is advisable for a specialist in the field of tourism to be well aware of
these differences.
Taking into account the above, we believe that in the Uzbek tourism terminology, from a system
point of view, terms of an international nature can be left as the main scientific terms, and their
doublets can be used as general literary language resources and technical terms for
methodological purposes.
Although the Uzbek unit of administration corresponds to the unit of administration, today it is
observed that its assimilation form is active. In addition, the English form of these terms
“reception” has undergone certain sound changes (“resepshn”) and is becoming a widely used
unit in colloquial speech. At the same time, the term administration, which means the department
involved in registering guests in hotels, has acquired two synonyms at once (“administration”,
“reception”). We consider this situation to be positive. From the point of view of taking into
account the phonetic characteristics of the recipient language and preserving the purity of the
language, the reception form does not comply with the laws of the Uzbek language. However,
given that the form "Administration" has a strong place in colloquial speech and is actively used,
we do not consider its use as a synonymous term to be a negative situation.The synonymy of
terms has always been noted as one of the problems of terminology. A number of linguists note
that until the name given to a new concept is absorbed into the language and takes a firm place in
the linguistic fund, its adopted variant is actively used in consumption for a certain period of
time.
Unlike Russian and English, polysemy and antonymy phenomena do not occur in the tourism
terminology of the Uzbek language.
Each word or term included in the explanatory dictionary is considered a headword, and the
headword and materials related to it constitute a separate dictionary article. Materials related to
the headword mainly consist of the word itself, etymological information about it, grammatical
and stylistic features, its explanation (if the word or term has multiple meanings, recording and
explaining the same meanings) and illustrative examples. Etymological information about the
main word is considered a component of the dictionary article after the main word and arouses
interest in the reader, increases his level of knowledge, and broadens his worldview. Due to the
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fact that tourist terms are unambiguous or this is the ideal of terminology, their interpretation is
easier than the interpretation of common, especially polysemantic words. Of course, it is
impossible to cover all the semantics (signs) of a particular term in the interpretation. Otherwise,
the dictionary will look more like an encyclopedic dictionary than an explanatory dictionary.
When interpreting tourist terms, their most important aspect is taken as the basis - the meaning
expressed by the term. A number of tourist terms are included in the “Explanatory Dictionary of
the Uzbek Language”, and these principles should be maintained when creating the “Explanatory
Dictionary of Tourist Terms of the Uzbek Language”.
The term guide is given in the explanatory dictionary as follows: Guide (fr. Quide - guide;
conductor) A person who introduces tourists to the picturesque, interesting places of a city or
region. [3.2] The term is explained briefly, clearly, and understandably. Tourist - (fr.touriste -
touriste) A person engaged in tourism; tourist, participant in a walk. [4.2] This term is also given
in accordance with all the requirements of the explanation. We would like to present as a
proposal the expression of some terms that are not included in the “Explanatory Dictionary of the
Uzbek Language” and should be included in the “Explanatory Dictionary of Tourist Terms of the
Uzbek Language” to be created in the future. Trekking - [eng. raking - “chasing, searching for”]
is a form of tourism based on walking through mountainous areas. Rafting – [engl.rafting –
swimming on the left] swimming in local fast-flowing rivers, waterfalls, rapids, shallow rocky,
rocky streams. Villa – [lat.villa – country house] A luxurious house outside the city on the
seashore, built in the Mediterranean style. Windsurfing – [engl.windsurfing, wind – wind,
surfing – wave] a type of water sport in which you sail on a special board (surf) with a sail. Botel
– [engl.boat – boat, ship; hotel – hotel] – a floating hotel.
Pendulum - A stage in tourist competitions equipped with a swinging rope, closed by its upper
end at a fixed point, the participant must overcome an obstacle (stream, ditch, etc.), holding the
moving lower end, pushing it from one bank. Location - A part of an area characterized by a
commonality of any features (natural, historical or other). Sleeping bag (мешок спальный) - A
sleeping bag made of two layers of lightweight woven fabric in the field, with a synthetic
winterizer, a down jacket, and a water-repellent lining. Microrelief - A relief pattern based on
small fluctuations (hills, low slopes, depressions, etc.). Tourist all-around (многоборье
туристоское) - Competitions in types of tourism, held in accordance with the rules of tourist all-
around. Location - A place, a piece of land that does not have specific landmarks. Clutch - A part
used to prevent the carabiner from opening. Repair kit (набор ремонтный) - Tools, materials
and fasteners used to repair equipment and inventory necessary for traveling. Mosquito net
(nakomarnik) - A special cover made of fine mesh with a loop at the top to protect the head and
neck from mosquito and fly bites. When hiking, you can also use bee netting and gauze masks
impregnated with protective preparations.Creating explanatory and translation dictionaries of
Uzbek tourist terms is one of the important tasks today. Issues such as the order in which tourist
terms should be placed in the dictionary and what principles should be used in explaining their
meanings are relevant. 183 tourist terms were selected in the 5-volume explanatory dictionary of
the Uzbek language, and the recommendations given in these manuals and instructions, other
manuals and studies were strictly followed.
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Literature used:
1. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February 7, 2017 No. PF-1947
"On the Strategy of Actions for the Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan".
2. Mirzayev M., Aliyeva M. Fundamentals of Tourism. – Tashkent, 2011. – P. 66.
3. Explanatory dictionary of the Uzbek language. - T.Uz. national encyclopedia, 2006. -4-v.-p-
195
4. Arutyunova, N. D. Yazyk i mir cheloveka Text. / N. D. Arutyunova. M.: Yazyk Uzbekskoy
kultury, 1999. - 896 p.
