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TYPE
Original Research
PAGE NO.
38-43
DOI
OPEN ACCESS
SUBMITED
25 November 2024
ACCEPTED
29 December 2024
PUBLISHED
30 January 2025
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue01 2025
COPYRIGHT
© 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms
of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License.
The Strategic Importance
of Tashkent Metropolitan
Transport in The Context
of Urbanization
Norkulov Sukhrob Turakulovich
Deputy Head of “Tashkent Metro” SUE for Scientific and Innovative
Development Issues - Vice-Rector of Tashkent state transport university,
Uzbekistan
Abstract:
The experience of developed countries in the
world shows that the increased importance of transport
services in the economic and social development of a
country increases the transport mobility of the
population and creates a solid foundation for the
sustainable development of the economy. Currently,
public transport is distinguished from other sectors by a
highly competitive environment.
Keywords:
Developed
countries,
competitive
environment, public transport.
Introduction:
The experience of developed countries in
the world shows that the increased importance of
transport services in the economic and social
development of a country increases the transport
mobility of the population and creates a solid
foundation for the sustainable development of the
economy. Currently, public transport is distinguished
from other sectors by a highly competitive environment.
Due to strong competition, it is necessary to focus on
meeting consumer demand in terms of the quality of
services provided by public transport, including the
Tashkent metro, in the transport system, the modern
transport market in general, the types of services, and
the convenience of using passenger transport services.
Improving the methodology for increasing the economic
efficiency of passenger transport activities in
metropolitan transport means not only ensuring the
efficient operation of transport systems, but also having
a positive impact on the economy as a whole. Currently,
research and development work is being carried out in
metropolitan transport on the introduction of digital
payment systems, management of rolling stock using
artificial intelligence, equipping it with interactive
navigation windows, establishing electricity generation
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Journal of Management and Economics
at enterprises operating in metropolitan transport,
introducing new types of stops, and organizing rolling
stock overhauls using fully localized spare parts.
Metropolitan transport in Uzbekistan is very important
for the economy, as it creates the opportunity to
transport a large number of passengers quickly and at
low prices. This, especially for the business
environment of cities, serves to save time and reduce
costs. The Development Strategy for the Development
of Uzbekistan indicates as goal 36 “Developing a
unified transport system that seamlessly connects all
types of transport, creating the opportunity to get to
and from the destination based on daily transport
services between major cities. According to it, the task
is set to integrate the network of surface passenger
transport routes with the metro, modernize the
infrastructure, and purchase 14 new rolling stock
(metro trains). Based on the implementation of the
above tasks, it will be possible to develop and
effectively implement the metro in the country.
METHODS
After gaining independence, Uzbekistan chose its own
unique and appropriate path of development and
renewal in the economic, socio-political, ideological
and spiritual spheres. Sustainable development of the
country's economy, achieving sustainable economic
growth rates, ensuring the competitiveness of our
national products in the world market, and increasing
the standard of living and well-being of our people are
among the most priority tasks today. The President of
the
Republic
of
Uzbekistan
Sh.M.Mirziyoyev
emphasizes the following points in his reports on this
issue: “Today, analyzing the consistent progress of our
country on the path of sustainable development, we
have every reason to say that decisive steps were taken
to implement fundamentally important reforms last
year. The main goal of these reforms is to ensure a
decent standard and quality of life for the population.
This policy aimed at rapid and sustainable
development will be unconditionally continued in the
future.”
In order to more clearly understand the economic
essence of localization, it is necessary to study it in
connection with the national economy. The production
of national products, that is, supporting local
manufacturers producing import-substituting products,
is a pressing issue today.
If we pay attention to the financing of localization of the
Tashkent Metro State Enterprise, we can see the
financing of the modernization of metro cars that have
reached the end of their service life by 15 years from the
budget, and the financing of the construction of new
routes and stations in the metro from the republican
and other funds.
As the legal basis for the modernization of metro cars
that have reached the end of their service life by 15
years and the financing of localization of the
construction of new routes and stations in the metro,
we can see the following resolutions and orders.
Brief description of the Tashkent Metro - The Tashkent
Metro has been operating since November 7, 1977.
Currently, the length of the metro is 71 km, ranking 4th
among the CIS countries. The metro has a total of 50
stations (17 on the "Chilonzor" route, 11 on the
"Uzbekistan" route, 8 on the "Yunusobod" route, 14 on
the "30th Anniversary of Uzbekistan Independence"
route).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The increase in the number of permanent residents of
Tashkent and the number of daily commuters entering
the city in recent years is also increasing the demand for
public transport services. In 2016, the number of
permanent residents of Tashkent was 2.4 million
people, and by the end of 2021 it was 2.7 million people
(Figure 1.6). The number of daily socially active
residents increased from 1.7 million in 2016 to 2.0
million. In addition, the number of daily socially active
residents entering from other regions was 1.4 million
people at the end of 2021. As a result, a daily mobile
socially active population of 3.4 million is emerging in
the city.
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Journal of Management and Economics
Figure 1. Dynamics of population change in Tashkent city (thousands of
people)
If we analyze the population of Tashkent by age group,
we can see that in 2023, the population aged 8 to 15
and 40 to 49 will be larger (Figure 2).
Figure 2. Tashkent city population by age group (2023)
35
3,837
68
,59
8
66
,70
2
18
2,260
19
7,101
22
8,292
21
7,234
36
3,759
29
2,676
21
9,67
7
65
,08
8
0 8 - 1 5 1 6 - 1 7 1 8 - 1 9 2 0 - 2 4 2 5 - 2 9 3 0 - 3 4 3 5 - 3 9 4 0 - 4 9 5 0 - 5 9 6 0 - 6 9 7 0 - 7 4
2893,3
2861,2
2898,5
2941,9
2975,9
2987,2
2997,9
3102,4
2700
2750
2800
2850
2900
2950
3000
3050
3100
3150
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
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1982239 1999834 2026237
2064623 2101882
2147821
2248101 2257244
2374215 2415145
2537832
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Figure 3. Dynamics of changes in the population of Tashkent city from 8 to 74
years old
The fact that more than two million people use
personal vehicles indicates that there is an opportunity
to attract even more consumers as a result of the
proper organization of marketing activities by the
metro.
There are many objects that create the mobility of this
population. In particular, there are 105,603 enterprises
and organizations of various types in Tashkent. The fact
that the population visits these objects for work, study
and recreation indicates the high mobility of the
population and its need for transport.
There is no traffic jam in the morning on weekends, but
on Saturdays and Sundays at 19:30 the roads are
blocked by 6 points.
Figure 4. Traffic jams in Tashkent (hourly, points)
Considering that workplaces are in the city center and residential areas are on the outskirts of the city, it takes
3
3
3
4
6
7
9
8
5
3
3
4
5
7
9
8
7
6
5
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an average of 30-35 minutes to travel a distance of 10
km between 08:00 and 10:00 in the morning.
The main traffic jams in Tashkent occur on Shikotarlar
Street, around the “Megaplanet” complex in
Yunusabad district, at the intersection in front of the
Ministry of Internal Affairs, Navoi Street, Abay Street,
streets around the Almazar khokimiyat, and roads
arou
nd the “Xalklar dostligi” square.
Based on the above data, the correlation-regression
analysis of the number of permanent residents of
Tashkent, the number of potential passengers, the
number of passengers transported in the metro, and
the income of the population looks like this.
It was found that there is a high correlation between
the number of permanent residents, the number of
potential passengers, and the number of passengers
transported in the metro.
As a result of the two-factor regression analysis of
these indicators, the following model was identified:
Y=-340.23+0.269*X1+0.186*X2. (1.1)
If we assume that other indicators remain unchanged,
it was found that a 1% increase in the number of
permanent residents increases the number of
passengers transported in the metro by 0.26%, and a
1% increase in the number of mobile residents
increases the number of passengers transported in the
metro by 0.19%. This is not a sufficient indicator to
positively change the current traffic jams and the
speed of public transport in the city. Therefore, it is
necessary to increase the demand for metropolitan
services from the city population, using the experience
of large cities. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to
further increase the attractiveness of metropolitan
services and further intensify their marketing and PR
activities.
If we forecast the volume of passenger transportation
in the metro in relation to population growth based on
data for 2014-2024 (Figure 3),
it was determined that by 2026 the annual passenger
transportation volume will be 1,563,431 people.
Information about the transport system in Tashkent
and its analysis reveal interesting points regarding the
movement and transport usage habits of the city's
population. It is known that the city's population is
mainly inclined to use private vehicles, which forms the
demand for the metro and other public transport
networks. More effective organization of the metro's
marketing activities creates a great opportunity to
attract the attention of the population, especially
those using private transport. Traffic jams in Tashkent,
especially in areas close to the city center, create a good
opportunity to increase the use of metro services. The
distance between workplaces in the city center and
residential areas on the outskirts and traffic jams can
direct people to fast and convenient means of transport,
that is, the metro. Also, the forecast of the number of
passengers transported by the Tashkent metro shows
the analysis related to the growth of the permanent and
mobile population in the city. If the population
increases, the volume of use of metro services will also
increase, but for this it is necessary to increase the
attractiveness of the metro. Strengthening marketing
and PR activities, improving service quality, and creating
new directions can be important steps on this path.
CONCLUSION
The results of the study show that metropolitan
transport is an important component of the effective
development
of
urban
infrastructure
and
modernization of the transport system in the context of
urbanization. The Tashkent metro directly affects the
city's economy, increases the mobility of the workforce,
ensures environmental sustainability, and serves to
reduce congestion in the urban road transport system.
The analysis shows that the demand for the city's
population and public transport is increasing. During
2016-2021, the permanent population of Tashkent
increased from 2.4 million to 2.7 million, which requires
further development of the passenger transport system.
By creating an integrated public transport system in
Tashkent and providing the metro with digital
management tools, it is possible to increase the
efficiency of passenger service. The main advantages of
the metropolitan transport system are:
Reducing traffic congestion in the city center;
Transportation of passengers with high comfort and
safety;
Reducing air pollution as an environmentally friendly
means of transport;
Increasing the socio-economic activity of the population
and creating new jobs.
It is also important to improve marketing strategies,
build new stations, develop attractive tariff systems,
and widely introduce digital payment systems to
popularize metro services. The results of the regression
analysis show that, along with the increase in the
population, systematic measures are needed to
increase the use of metro services.
Therefore, the development of the metro system should
be included in the state's long-term transport strategy
as one of the main directions of urban infrastructure. In
the future, expanding metro services, introducing new
technologies, and switching to environmentally friendly
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vehicles will remain important directions in the
transport sector.
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