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STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATION PROCESSES IS AN IMPORTANT
FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INNOVATIVE ECONOMY
Ibragimova Nazokat,
Assistant Professor of the Economics department,
Karakalpak State University,
Rakhimboev Muzaffar,
Assistant Professor of the Economics department,
Karakalpak State University,
Baymuratov Omirbay,
Assistant Professor of the Economics department,
Karakalpak State University,
Joldasbaeva Uldaulet,
Assistant Professor of the Economics department,
Karakalpak State University,
Abstract:
This article analyzes the effective management of innovation processes, apprising the
existing material and technical base of industrial enterprises, development of production facilities,
development of new types of activities, production of scientific products, creation of an
innovative environment in enterprises, is an important factor in the overall development of the
national economy. Particularly we will focus on the term "innovation processes" and consider a
number of priority directions for the implementation and management of innovation processes in
our country, along with the state expenditures allocated to the development of science and
technology in countries with scientifically advanced high-tech sectors over the past 10 years.
Key words:
innovation processes, modernization of production, material and technical base,
innovation environment, innovation policy, global index.
Introduction
. Effective management of innovation processes in the wide-ranging development
of the national economy is one of the important aspects of innovation activity. Thus, updating the
existing material and technical base of industrial enterprises, developing the production base,
mastering new types of activities, producing scientific volume products, creating an innovative
environment at enterprises, stimulating innovative production is one of the main tasks of
strategic management of innovation processes. .
Simultaneously, important priorities are the modernization of production in sectors of the
economy, the implementation by the state of innovation policy in the further development of a
business environment based on competition. Because the importance of strategic management of
innovation processes in economic entities created on the basis of privatized and expropriated
enterprises is increasing.
Lately, in the scientific research of researchers, experts and scientists involved in
fundamental and applied research, the concepts of “innovation”, “innovation”, “innovation
activity”, “innovation environment”, “innovation processes”, “innovation potential”, “national
innovation." system”, “terms such as “innovative product”, “innovative production”, “innovation
sphere” began to receive more attention.
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Since the phrase “innovation processes” is one of the objects of study in our scientific
research, in the article we will focus on this phrase. In the scientific literature on innovation
process management, the term “innovation process” is defined as a process that determines the
transformation of ideas into a specific product, popularizing the use of new techniques and
technologies and services, ensuring the transformation of scientific knowledge into innovation.
Hence, we can say that the strategy for managing innovation processes is, in general, a
plan for managing the achievement of goals aimed at strengthening the economic situation of the
country, producing competitive products, meeting consumer demand, and ensuring high-tech
production. In particular, choosing a specific strategy for the development of innovative and
advanced production means choosing the most suitable of the many possible paths and methods
of innovative development. At the same time, the choice of strategy, in turn, consists in
accelerating innovation activities, bringing industrial enterprises to a unified system of actions
for competitive tolerance.
Research.
According to experts, over the past 10 years in developed countries there has been a
substantial increase in the production of scientific high-tech products and the export of these
products in such areas as microelectronics, optical fiber, radio electronics, laser, nuclear and
computer technologies.
Table 1
№
The name of technological fields
At a high level developed country
1
New materials technology
USA, Japan
2
Microelectronic technologies
USA, Russia
3
Optical fiber and electronic technologies
Japan, China
4
Laser technologies
USA, China
5
Radioelectronic technologies
USA, Russia
6
Computer technologies
USA, Japan
7
Information and communication technologies
USA, Japan, India, China
8
Nuclear technologies
USA, Japan, China
9
Production technology of industrial equipment
and tools
USA, Russia
10
Engine device development technology
Germany, China
11
Energy and energy storage technologies
USA, Germany
12
Biotechnology
USA
13
Nanotechnology
Japan, Israel
14
Pharmaceuticals
USA, Russia
Table 1.
Countries with high science and high technology
From the data in Table 1, it is clear that the United States has great potential among countries
with developed high-tech industries. Because it is estimated that the US spends 390 billion a year.
Provides government funding for innovation and human capital of around US dollars.
In global economic competition, economic entities operating only in countries that have
created favorable conditions for the development of science and technology receive a great
advantage. In particular, in the United States of America, government expenditures allocated to
institutions engaged in scientific research and development amounted to 2.8 percent of GDP.
Government spending on scientific research is increasing by 10 percent per year. Sources of
financing for this sector are private firms and organizations, venture capital funds, funds from the
federal state and republican budgets.
In Japan, 3 percent of GDP is allocated to scientific research and experimental
construction. Nearly 80 percent of the total expenditure allocated to research and development
institutions is allocated to non-governmental organizations, and 20 percent is allocated to
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government expenditure. According to data, 13% of Japanese are engaged in fundamental
innovation, 25% practical and 62% experimental-constructive.
In this regard, Uzbekistan also pays great attention to the level of human capital
development. If you pay attention to the data, in 2012, 59.2 percent of total government spending
was directed to the social sphere, of which more than 34 percent was spent on financing the
education system. We can see the results of the efforts undertaken in our country to develop
human capital in the information provided by international organizations.
According to the 2012 Global Innovation Index report prepared by Insead International
Business School, one of the top five business schools in the world in France, in collaboration
with the World Intellectual Property Organization, Uzbekistan ranks 35th among 141 countries
in human development indicators capital and level of development of the education system – 2nd
place.
Research shows that by the beginning of the 21st century, investments in human capital
are becoming the most effective way to allocate resources. World experience shows that the
rapid socio-economic development of the country and its competitiveness in the foreign market
are ensured by the presence of a developed national innovation system. For that reason, the
formation and effective interaction of all elements of the national innovation system should be
one of the main goals of state innovation policy.
Because achieving sustainable development of the state is associated with the development
of a clear strategy for innovation processes. It is based on a continuous and targeted plan of
measures to improve the efficiency of social production activities, increase the level of
satisfaction of the needs of society and its members, search, prepare and implement innovations
that make it possible to ensure the quality of living conditions. In essence, the innovative
direction of development is the expansion of the scope of application of scientific achievements
in all important areas of human activity and their inclusion in areas of use.
Personnel potential is one of the important factors in the strategic management of
innovation processes. It is known that scientific and theoretical knowledge, innovative projects
and ideas are commercialized in exchange for the effective organization and management of
innovative processes; innovation moves from the form of a project and idea to the form of a
specific product, technology or service. As a result, a chain of sequential events arises related to
the sale of goods that are a product of innovation. Based on the research conducted, this chain of
events was sorted as follows.
Through the analysis of theoretical data, the process of transition of innovation from the
form of a project and idea into the form of a specific product, technology or service follows,
stages consisting of scientific and technical preparation, preparation for the production of
innovative products. The form described the period of production of scientific and innovative
products, as well as the stages a whole chain of sequential events of innovation processes.
Foreign countries with developed economies are already trying to develop innovative
development strategies that open the way not only to increasing the efficiency of production and
the economy, but also significantly increasing the level of realization of the needs and
possibilities of human choice, and ensuring an improvement in the situation living conditions.
At the present stage of development of the world economy in industrialized countries, a
new period of formation of innovative processes is observed, that is, the process of transition to
an economy based on the accumulation, distribution and use of knowledge. We can see this in
how increasing competition affects industrial enterprises. This requires adaptation of production
and management in industries to an ever-changing environment. Accordingly, scientific and
practical solutions to problems related to the organization, formation and strategic management
of innovative activities acquire special importance. As a result, since increasing the
competitiveness of products, producing innovative products, increasing the weight of exports,
intensifying innovative processes, and implementing innovative projects are among the priorities
of state innovation policy, specialists and economists are required to ensure the production of
new products that include high technologies.
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Each country develops its economy and industrial production on the basis of its scientific
and intellectual potential, on the basis of new technologies, nanotechnologies, tools, machines,
alternative energy sources and products of such innovative activities. In this regard, special
attention is paid to innovation activities related to the introduction of new equipment and
technologies, instruments and instruments into the industrial sphere.
The quantity of innovative products in the volume of production of existing industries and
industries of our country is increasing, and the quality is growing and developing. The growth of
innovative production in networks, in turn, ensures economic growth at a stable pace. It should
be highlighted that although industries ensure stable growth, their share in the rate of economic
growth is diverse, and their further increase, in turn, allows for an increase in gross growth.
Analysis.
The analysis displays that, despite the regular support and encouragement of
innovative ideas and projects by our state, expenditures aimed at scientific and technological
development in the reporting period of 2010 amounted to 0.2 percent of GDP. The share of
innovative products in GNP was 2.9%. In our opinion, it is essential to increase the volume of
financial resources from the state for practical, fundamental and design construction and
technological work.
In this case, the main attention will be paid to determining which factors have a strong
influence on economic growth within industries and in which industries a transition to innovative
production is necessary. All at once, in our opinion, it is advisable to implement the following
measures to regulate and manage innovation processes in our country:
- creation of a national system of organization and effective management of innovation
activities at manufacturing enterprises;
- development of a system for assessing the level of development of economic and
innovative activity of regions;
- improving mechanisms for assessing and managing risks in the innovative activities of
industrial enterprises;
- development of policies to encourage and support intersectional innovation activities;
- formation of a system of mutual integration between research institutes, design and
construction organizations, higher educational institutions and production enterprises for the
implementation of innovation policy;
- development of the national innovation system and development of infrastructures that
support its effective management;
- creation of a financing system related to the commercialization of innovative projects.
As a result, the development of innovation activity in our country, the introduction of new
innovative technologies in production and business activities, the creation of a legal framework
for innovation activity, strategic management of innovation processes, and actual management of
organizational and economic regulation of relations in this area determine the content and
essence of the country’s innovation policy.
By the way, the effective use of modern advanced technologies and the modernization of
the national economy through the introduction of scientific achievements into production in our
republic are of great importance. Specifically, the organization and strategic management of
innovation processes, in turn, financial support for scientific research, development activities,
new devices, new approaches, the creation and use of innovative projects, the creation of patents,
certificates, know-how, which are a product of intellectual activity , and the development of
strategic plans related to placement is especially relevant today.
Because of the problem of developing innovative processes in our republic, increasing the
innovative potential of industrial enterprises, effectively directing investments in human capital,
the prospects for the formation of a national innovation system are becoming the main topic of
scientific and practical discussions among experts and economists.
Based on the above opinions, in the strategic management of innovation processes in
Uzbekistan, in our opinion, special attention should be paid to the following:
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- rapid development of the process of applying innovations in the field of production,
service and education;
- providing ample opportunities for the import of new technologies, information and
communication devices, means of production and modern management methods from foreign
countries;
- ensure the departure of young qualified specialists to advanced foreign countries for
short-term training in order to establish the production of goods and services that meet
international criterions;
- it will be necessary to develop economic, financial, organizational, managerial and legal
means of state support for the implementation of programs related to the development and
implementation of the national innovation system.
Such situations determine the prospects for creating innovative industries in our country,
modernizing the national economy, effectively using local raw materials, and swelling export
opportunities.
Conclusion.
The analysis highlights the critical need for strengthening innovation processes in
Uzbekistan to ensure sustainable economic growth and competitiveness in the global market.
Despite the governments consistent support for innovative ideas, the current level of
investment—only 0.2% of GDP toward scientific and technological development and a 2.9%
share of innovative products in GNP—remains insufficient to stimulate substantial progress. To
overcome existing challenges and unlock the country's innovation potential, it is vital to
strategically manage and regulate innovation activities across industries. This includes creating
an integrated national innovation system, enhancing collaboration between research institutions
and enterprises, developing innovation-friendly infrastructure, and securing robust financial
support mechanisms. Equally important is fostering a culture of innovation by encouraging the
import of advanced technologies, training young professionals abroad, and modernizing
education and production systems. The proposed measures—if implemented effectively—can lay
a solid foundation for the formation of innovative industries, efficient use of local resources, and
expansion of export capacities. In due course, innovation must be positioned as a national
priority, supported by strategic planning, institutional development, and state-backed initiatives.
This will not only drive economic modernization but also ensure Uzbekistan’s long-term
integration into the global knowledge-based economy.
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