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MORPHOGENESIS OF THE LUNGS IN ROSS-308 CROSSBREED
BROILER CHICKS (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Samarkand State University of Veterinary Medicine,
Animal Husbandry, and Biotechnology
Yakhshieva S.X., Khudaynazarova N.E.,
Student
Isroilov M.N.
Introduction.
In order to further develop poultry farming in our country, it is
essential to monitor and control the growth coefficients of all organs in chicks from the
earliest stages of their postnatal ontogenesis. This involves inspecting and ensuring the
proper development of these organs, conducting experiments with various types of
feed, and, most importantly, organizing them into groups for within-group and inter-
group comparisons. The purpose is to conduct research aimed at developing and
improving accurate and relevant recommendations for optimized production, ensuring
a comprehensive and scientifically grounded approach to this field.
Currently, the physiological condition of broiler chicks plays a critical role in their
growth and development. Broilers, which are specifically bred for meat production, are
characterized by rapid growth, efficient meat and egg production, and high
productivity. In this process, the morphological and physiological characteristics of the
lungs—particularly in Ross-308 crossbreed chicks—are among the most important
factors. The lungs, as the primary organs of respiration and metabolism in birds,
including broilers, play a pivotal role; therefore, their morphogenesis directly
influences broiler productivity.
Due to the relatively small size of avian lungs and the presence of air sacs, the
respiratory system in birds displays unique anatomical and functional features that
facilitate intensive gas exchange [6].
In industrial poultry production, it is essential to understand the morphology and
function of the respiratory system under various environmental and physiological
conditions. Identifying age-related morphological features, morphogenetic patterns,
and mechanisms makes it possible to determine the critical developmental periods of
specific organ systems [7].
A review of the literature reveals that numerous studies have been devoted to the
morphological structure of the avian respiratory system [4–5].
However, an analysis of the literature revealed that there is a lack of necessary
sources on the study of the respiratory system's morphology in Ross-308 crossbreed
broiler chicks.
The internal systems of broilers (including the lungs, heart, digestive system, and
others) and their developmental processes have been analyzed. Factors influencing the
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physiological processes in chickens, such as nutrition, microclimate, age, and
metabolism, are also significant. As Smith and Brown (2020) emphasized, it is of great
importance to conduct a thorough analysis of lung development and the process of
pneumatisation in chicks. Their research mainly focuses on observing the formation of
lung tissues during the embryonic stage [9].
The relationship between the meat productivity of broiler chicks and their
respiratory system has been studied. The connection between the respiratory system
(lungs, bronchi, airways) and meat productivity suggests that meat quality can be
improved through the systematic regulation of physical growth, the enhancement of
metabolic processes, or improving the efficiency of the respiratory process [1, 2, 3].
General characteristics of lung morphogenesis.
Lung morphogenesis, that is,
the development of the lungs and subsequent changes after birth, has a significant
impact on the function of the respiratory system in birds. The lungs are the primary
respiratory organ in birds, responsible for oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal,
as well as promoting various metabolic processes. Studying lung morphogenesis in
birds helps in understanding their physical development, metabolic processes, and their
ability to digest food.
Lung morphogenesis and development in ross-308 crossbreed broiler chicks.
The morphogenesis of the lungs in Ross-308 crossbreed broiler chicks significantly
influences their physical growth and metabolic processes. This crossbreed is known
for its high feed conversion ability, which means their lung system also develops
rapidly. During the growth period, several morphological and physiological changes in
the lung system of the broiler chicks are observed.
The development of the lung system is also influenced by internal ecology and
the microclimate. Over time, the chicks' lungs improve their ability to move and fill
with air. Additionally, between the 7–10 day period, the size and weight of the lungs
increase rapidly. This process enhances their ability to absorb oxygen and accelerates
metabolic processes [8].
Conclusion
The morphogenesis of the lungs in Ross-308 crossbreed broiler chicks is one of
the key factors influencing their growth and development. The development of the lung
system aids in enhancing the chicks' respiratory capacity, ensures efficient oxygen
absorption, and systematically improves metabolic processes. These factors directly
impact the high productivity of the broilers.
Literature review:
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Кузнецова, М.И
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