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METHODS OF CANNIBALISM DISEASE AMONG POULTRY
(literature information analysis based on)
Mamatsalayeva Zeboxon Odilbek daughter
Samarkand state veterinary medicine medicine livestock and
biotechnology Tashkent branch of the university student
Abstract.
This in the article poultry between occurring cannibalism
circumstances, it’s come exit causes (etiology) and factors scientific basically analysis
made. Poultry on their farms cannibalism increase serious economic damages brought
releases and breeding to the efficiency negative impact shows. In the article to
cannibalism take incoming main factors – genetic tendency, environment factors
(lighting level, density, ventilation), feeding imbalance and in control errors
surrounding Also, this of circumstances prevent to take and preventive measures
improvement on the surface scientific and practical recommendations given. Article
veterinary medicine sanitation, zoohygiene and poultry farming field experts for
intended.
Keywords
: cannibalism, poultry farming
,
etiology, stress factors, prevention
take, light, food balance, debeaking.
Introduction.
Poultry farming on farms occurring important zoohygienic from
problems one cannibalism Cannibalism (Cannibalismus, one - on - one) (duckling) of
birds intensive egg to give during the period chickens and intense growth during the
period Chicks (25-60 days old) are skin, secret and their crowns, their cloaca drowning
signs with passing It is a disease. In the diet animal world of food excess, amino acids
(methionine, lysine, cystine), calcium, sulfur, cobalt, manganese, iodine, zinc salt
shortage, poultry dense conservation, water deficiency, stress factors: light excess
(from 7-8 hours many) or far term dark in place storage, traumas as a result poultry
from the div blood leakage of poultry one another to drown reason to be possible.
Signs. At first egg thin bark with birth and of chickens the egg drowning cases
observed, then poultry each other feathers, eyes, injured places, cloaca peak begins.
Disease on the ground when fed public color takes.
Many of scientists cannibalism behavior violation main reasons complex to the
feature has are, they are internal (biological) and external (environment) related)
factors mutual impact as a result to the surface turns out. Biological factors in a row of
poultry genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, sexual maturity during observable
hyperactivity, vitamins and minerals deficiency, nervous system sensitivity enters.
Some breeds aggressive to behavior more inclined become, descend when choosing
this situation in consideration to be taken necessary.
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External factors and mainly in poultry farming take going storage and
maintenance conditions with related. In the poultry house of light too much outside
many or less to be, the population too much outside dense placement, ventilation and
microclimate wrong organization food, nutrition balance sheet distortion, noise,
temperature sharp change stress factors such as in poultry to violence take comes.
Experiments this shows that if 8-10 chickens are kept on 1 m² of land if preserved, their
mutual violence level up to 40–60% increases. Also, high light level (from 20–30 lx
more) cannibalism amplifier factor as record is being done.
In poultry of cannibalism manifestation to be forms every kind to be possible:
plucking feathers, eggs drowning, cloaca (correct) bowel (intestine) sinking, div
various into parts injury to deliver and even kill until the circumstances to reach
possible. Often, damaged or blood flowing poultry other chickens drowned, his to
death reason This is the case. own in turn whole in the henhouse violence chain to
spread take is coming.
Cannibalism prevent in receiving the most important factor — poultry optimal
zoohygienic for conditions from creating This includes the first in turn, right lighting
system current to grow Light comes in. level in moderation storage (5–10 lx) and
reddish from the lights use cannibalism level sharp Also, every one poultry for enough
field spacing, i.e. 5–6 heads per 1 m² area more than not to be need. In the poultry
house temperature 20–24°C, relative humidity around 60–70% preservation necessary.
Air rotation supply, oxygen shortage and ammonia to gather prevent to take big
importance has.
Food balance preservation cannibalism prevent in receiving again one important
factor is considered. In the diet enough in quantity proteins (16–18%), calcium (3.5–
4%), sodium, phosphorus, methionine, vitamins (especially A, D and E) Salt (NaCl)
content up to 0.3–0.5 % to be recommendation Protein deficiency feather extraction,
mineral substances shortage and cloaca to swim reason will be.
In poultry farming the beak debeaking method many large on farms cannibalism
prevent in receiving wide This method is used. poultry 5–10 days old or 6–8 weeks old
in the period done the beak is raised. Three part special device using heat with or
mechanic in a way is shortened. However this method to animals pain to deliver,
sometimes feed consumption reduce possibility because of modern in approaches
selection and the conditions improve through cannibalism reduce to the goal is
considered appropriate.
In poultry to cannibalism against in the fight biosecurity to the rules strict action
to do, healthy generations selection, veterinarian control strengthening, stress factors
minimize through provide It is also possible to cannibalism. tendency high was breeds
instead of genetic in terms of balanced and quiet good-natured from breeds use
recommendation is being done.
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Cannibalism disease many factorial behavior It is a violation. prevent in receiving
complex approach, that is environment, nutrition, genotype and care methods harmony
solution doer importance profession This will events systematic on the road to put in
poultry farming losses reduces productivity increases and farm stability provides.
Conclusion:
Birds between occurring cannibalism cases many factorial to
etiology has is, mainly care and feeding conditions disruption, biological factors, social
stress and rational not been feeding system with closely related that is was determined.
Especially, light of the regime wrong organization dense, dense placement ,
microclimate indicators out of the norm exclusion and in food protein, in the diet
animal world of food excess, amino acids (methionine, lysine, cystine), calcium, sulfur,
cobalt, manganese, iodine, zinc salt shortage, poultry dense conservation, water
deficiency, stress factors: light excess (from 7-8 hours many) or far term dark in place
storage, traumas as a result poultry from the div blood leakage of poultry one another
to drown reason to be possible. Morphopathological and clinical observations
cannibalism poultry to the div serious physiological stress coming, this and
immunological stability reduce, general productivity indicators sharp to decrease
reason to be It is also possible that some in cases cannibalistic of circumstances in
development genetic inclination, full or partially degenerative syndromes, as well as
some viral and parasitic diseases with related changes also cause to be possible.
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