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THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS ON THE USE
OF THE TERM "CONCEPT" IN LINGUISTICS
Umarova Munavvar Nurmuhammedovna
Student of Andijan State Institute of Foreign Languages
Abstract:
this article is a theoretical view on the use of the term "concept" in
linguistics It is one of the tools of representation and expression in the field of general
understanding of the linguistic specifics of general concepts and the study of the term
"concept" in linguistics . It is the means of the term "concept" to make a scientific
conclusion about the data and to reveal the phenomena, which is to give a wider
understanding.
Keywords:
linguistics, concept, lexical , frame , semantics , cosmology.
Psycholinguistic research on the analysis of the creation and formation of speech
linguistics in world linguistics (FISossyur) in linguistic and psychological aspects
revealed new aspects of speech activity. The expansion of the influence of mass media
and the Internet shows that it is an urgent task to pay attention to the cognitive,
psycholinguistic, and pragmatic side of speech, and the creation of speech is based on
the author's "linguistic worldview" (W. Humboldt), feelings, and spiritual experiences.
Sh
1
. Alpanova. In fact, linguistic and psycholinguistic studies in the emergence of
speech continue to reveal new aspects. Let us quote the opinions of a number of
linguists in this regard.
F.Usmanov stated that
2
in cognitology, human activity is viewed primarily as a
system of information reception, processing, storage and use of this information
according to the situation. F.Usmanov cites Russian linguist NFAlefirenko's opinion
that the emergence of the cognitive-semiological theory of words in linguistics was
motivated by the recognition that language facts can be explained by facts of a non-
linguistic nature, unlike structuralism
3
. "Scientists talking about the visions of the
world perceived in the human mind call it by different terms. For example, B. Whorf
4
, G. Kolshanskylar world view
5
, D. Potebnya world image
6
, G. Gachev use the terms
national cosmos or Cosmo-Psycho-Logos
7
. In G. Gachev, the word "space" is used in
its original meaning - "the structure of the universe". Therefore, the linguistic landscape
1
Alpanova Sh. Verb of mental state in Uzbek language. Monograph. - Tashkent. Academic Press, 2019. – P.5-6.
2
Usmanov F. Linguistic study of similes in the Uzbek language: Philol. science b. fake d-ri... diss. - Tashkent, 2020. - B.
15.
3
Usmanov F. The specified source. That page.
4
Whorf B. L. Linguistics and logic // New in linguistics. - M., 1980. - S. 183
5
Kolshansky G. V. An objective picture exists in cognition and language. - M., 1990. - S. 62.
6
Po t e b nya D. M. The image of the world in the words of the writer. - St. Petersburg, 1997. - S. 67.
7
Gachev G. D. Mentality of peoples of the world - M., 2003. - S. 33.
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of the world means the image of the world created by means of language. At present,
conceptual, linguistic, scientific, valuable, artistic and similar views of the world are
distinguished in science
8
. Conceptual (cognitive) view of the world means, first of all,
an emotionally perceived, understood, felt view. Linguistic view of the world is a
conceptual view embodied in language. If the conceptual landscape of the world
appears as a set of concepts, the linguistic landscape of the world is a set of meanings
of language units and ways of expressing these meanings
9
.
Process of emergence of the concept and the expression of its linguistic
realization.
Table 1.
- Emotional, mental perception
- social purpose
- Separation of characteristic features
- linguistic ability
- Comparison (analysis)
- vocabulary reserve
- Generalization
-rule–regularities
There is no unanimity among cognitive scientists regarding the classification of
concepts. Existing classifications are based on different approaches and criteria.
Professor O'.Q. While Yusupov
10
expresses the opinion that a concept can be
scientific or non-scientific, A.P. Babushkin's classification consists in determining the
type of concept based on the semitic analysis of words. Accordingly, A. B. Babushkin
distinguishes the following 6 types of concepts: mental images, schemes, frames,
scripts, concepts with kaleidoscopic and logical construction. When it comes to the
concepts of the second category, the lack of permanent and standard means of realizing
the concept in the scientist's language system or the need to describe it in the process
of performing a certain task artificially verbalized (for example, in experimental
conditions or during research) means of describing them It refers to the existing
concepts
11
. Professor Sh. Safarov considers script, script, frame, gestalt as units of
conceptual system.
12
Views on the typological classification of the concept are
observed more in the researches of representatives of different schools of Russian
8
Usmanov F. The specified source. - B. 16.
9
Usmanov F. The specified source. - B. 16-17.
10
Yusupov O.K. On terms of meaning, understanding, concept and linguoculture // Stylistics in modern directions of
linguistics. - T., 2011. - B. 49-55.
11
Babushkin, A.P. Types of concepts in the lexical-phraseological semantics of language. - VSU, 1996. -330 p
12
Safarov Sh. Semantics. T., 2013. –B.– 344.
Man and his
cognitive
activity
Lingvistic
occurrence
Concept and
its mental
model
Concept
Image
Reality is
part of it
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linguistics. N.A. Boldirev distinguishes concrete-emotional images, imaginations,
schemes, concepts, prototypes, propositions, frames, scenarios, scripts and gestalts
13
.
SGVorkachev distinguishes high-level and common (obychnye) concepts. The first
group includes concepts such as "dolg, schaste, lyubov, sovest". If
14
VIKarasik
15
distinguishes between parametric and non-parametric (regulatory and non-
regulatory) concepts, GGSlishkin distinguishes first-order, second-order, linguistic and
cultural concepts and metaconcepts
16
. MVPimenova
17
emphasizes the existence of
images, ideas, symbols, cultural (universal cultural categories, social-cultural
categories, national-cultural categories, ethical categories, mythological categories)
concepts.
While ZDPopova and I.A. Sternin divide concepts into stable and unstable
(personal, practically averbal) types
18
, Ye.Yu.
19
divides into concepts. VIKarasik
divides them into artistic concepts that are actively and passively translated,
modifiable/non-modifiable in content, translatable to other forms and non-translatable
20
.
A. Vejbitskaya
21
divides concepts into concept-minimum and concept-maximum,
NIUByko into universal (or universal), ethnic (or national, collective (micro- and
macro-community, age-related, gender, professional) and individual (super-concepts,
macro-concepts, basic concepts and micro-concepts, MVPimenova
22
based on
different approaches local (iskonnye) and assimilated, developing and stable
(zastyvshie), initial (pervichnye), basic (osnovnye) and artificial (proizvodnye),
according to actuality, leading (vedushchie), key (klyuchevye ) and second-level
(vtorostepennye) concepts, ZD Popova
23
distinguishes single-level, multi-level and
segment concepts.
13
Boldyrev N.N. Concept and meaning of the word / Boldyrev N.N. // Methodological problems of cognitive linguistics:
scientific publication; edited by I.A. Sternina. – Voronezh: VSU, 2001. – P. 25 36.
14
Vorkachev S. G. Happiness as a linguocultural concept / S. G. Vorkachev. – M.: ITDGK “Gnosis”, 2004. – 236 p.
15
Karasik V.I. Cultural dominants in language / V.I. Karasik // Language personality: cultural concepts. – Volgograd-
Arkhangelsk, 1996. – P. 316.
16
Slyshkin G. G. Discourse and concept (on the linguacultural approach to the study of discourse) // Language personality:
institutional and personal discourse. - Volgograd: Peremena, 2000. - P. 38-45.
17
Pimenova M.V. Types of concepts / M.V. Pimenova. – http://www.kuzspa.ru/diss/conf_27_28/5_pimenova.doc. –
2009.
18
Popova Z.D., Sternin I.A. Cognitive linguistics / Z.D. Popova, I.A. Sternin. – M.: AST-Vostok-Zapad, 2007. – 314 p.
19
Ponomareva E.Yu. Conceptual opposition “Life – Death” in poetic discourse (based on the poetry of D. Thomas and V.
Bryusov): author’s abstract. diss. candidate of philological sciences: 10.2.20. – Tyumen, 2008. – 22 p.
20
Karasik V.I. Linguocultural conceptology / V.I. Karasik, N.A. Krasavsky, G.G. Slyshkin. - Volgograd: Paradigm, 2009.
- 115 p.
21
Vezhbitskaya A. Language. Culture. Cognition // A. Vezhbitskaya. – M.: Russian Dictionaries, 1997. – 416 p.
22
Pimenova M.V. Types of concepts // M.V. Pimenova. – http://www.kuzspa.ru/diss/conf_27_28/5_pimenova.doc. –
2009.
23
Popova Z.D. Language and consciousness: theoretical distinctions and conceptual apparatus / Z.D. Popova, I.A. Sternin
// Language and national consciousness. Questions of theory and methodology. – Voronezh: Voronezh State University,
2002. – P. 8-49.
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V.A. Maslova, concepts from the point of view of linguistics and culture
24
should
be classified into 9 groups, namely: the world, elements and nature, ideas about man,
moral concepts, social concepts and relationships, emotional, the world of artifacts, the
conceptosphere of scientific knowledge, art at - conceptosphere.
It can be observed that cultural concepts are named differently by the scholars of
the field: high-level and typical concepts
25
, nuclear units of the world view
26
, national
concepts
27
, cultural dominants
28
.
It is difficult to imagine a complete description and classification of the concept
without its meaning and relationship with the concept. O'.Q. Yusupov
29
divides the
opinions of linguists on the concept and meaning relations into three groups. Linguists
belonging to the first group
30
consider meaning and concept to be the same thing,
meaning to language, and concept to thought and logic.
The representatives of the second group
31
, V.A. Zveginsev, emphasize that
concept and meaning are fundamentally different phenomena, while the third group of
linguists, for example, Gorodetsky,
32
say that the concept is two-polar, that is, formal
and meaningful. They put forward the opinion that it corresponds to the formal concept.
In fact, the concept of formal and meaningful concept
33
was proposed by
SDKatsnelson, according to which the formal concept is a reflection of the minimal
signs of an object from other objects in human language. A meaningful concept
consists of new and unique features of the object identified in the cognitive process
34
.
Another concept
35
almost close to this concept was put forward by A.A. Potebnya, in
which the distant and close meanings of the word are distinguished. A.A. Potebnya
considers the close meaning of the word to be a universal meaning. Thanks to this
meaning manifested in the process of communication, communicants understand each
other without any difficulties. According to the scientist, the long term acquires
individuality. Based on the above, Professor O'.Q. Yusupov
36
comes to the following
general conclusions: "If based on SDKatsnelson's opinion, the concept is equal to the
24
Maslova V.A. Introduction to cognitive linguistics: textbook / V.A. Maslova. - 2nd ed., corrected. - M.: Flinta: Nauka,
2006. - 296 p.
25
Vorkachev S. G. Happiness as a linguocultural concept / S. G. Vorkachev. – M.: ITDGK “Gnosis”, 2004. – 236 p.
26
Maslova V.A. Introduction to cognitive linguistics: textbook / V.A. Maslova. - 2nd ed., corrected. - M.: Flinta: Nauka,
2006. - 296 p.
27
Krasnykh V.V. Ethnopsycholinguistics and linguacultural studies: a course of lectures. – M.: ITGDK “Gnosis”, 2002.
– 284 p.
28
Karasik V.I. Language circle: personality, concepts, discourse / V.I. Karasik. – M.: Gnosis, 2004. – 390 p.
29
Yusupov U.K. Theoretical foundations of comparative linguistics. - T.: Fan, 2007.
30
Kolshansky G.V. Objective picture of the world in cognition and language / G.V. Kolshansky. - M.: Nauka, 1990. - 108
p.
31
Zvegintsev V.A. Theoretical and Applied Linguistics. – Moscow , 1968 .
32
Gorodetsky B.Yu. On the problem of semantic typology. – Moscow , 1969 .
33
Katsnelson S.D. The content of the word, meaning and designation. – Moscow , 1965.//Problems of Philology, 2001, 1
34
From that source.-P.141 .
35
Potebnya A.A. Symbol and myth in folk culture / A.A. Potebnya / Sost., podg. textov A.A. Toporkova. - M.: Labyrinth,
2000. - 480 p.
36
From that source. - P.10-11 .
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sum of meaningful and formal concepts,
37
if it is based on A.A. Potebnya's opinion,
then the word's near and far meaning The concept lies under the sum of 'noes'.
Acknowledging that the meanings of words are alternatives to existing concepts
in the human mind, O'.Q. Yusupov makes the following noteworthy points about the
concept-concept relationship: Today, all cognitivists understand that a concept is wider
than a concept. If the concept and its alternative word meaning in the language reflect
the most significant features of the object or phenomenon that distinguish it from other
objects and phenomena, the concept includes all known features of it (object or
phenomenon), including secondary signs. Therefore, the concept can refer to an
individual, a group, a nation, or even men, women, young and old
38
.
Yu.S. Stepanov
39
believes that the reason for considering meaning and concept as
one thing is that both of them have generalization properties. According to him, the
concept (ponyatie) reflects the relatively more important features of objects or events,
while the meaning of words reflects the general and important features of objects
acquired by people in the practice of society. At the same time, the linguist emphasizes
that, despite the fact that meaning and concept are closely related to each other, it is
not correct to consider them as one category of phenomena. He sees the main reason
for this in the failure to create concepts that generally reflect the important features of
some subjects and events
40
.
List of references
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History of religions of Central Asia / Responsible editor: Ph.D., Assoc. Yovkochev
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Ibragimov E.F. and b. History of world religions: a teaching-methodical manual of
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Stepanov Yu.S. Constant y. Dictionary of Russian culture. - M, 1997.
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Spiritual and educational foundations of the fight against religious extremism and
terrorism (study guide) / Responsible editor A. Ochildiyev. - T: Tashkent Islamic
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Hasanboyev 0'. Relations between the state and religion in Uzbekistan: religious
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