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FACTORS AFFECTING THE FORMATION OF SPEECH CULTURE IN
FUTURE PRIMARY TEACHERS AND CHILDREN
Erkayeva Yulduz Bekmurodovna
Intern of the Department of Distance Education in the
areas of preschool and primary education
of the correspondence department of the JDPU
O`rolova Mohinur
5th year student of the correspondence department
of the primary education of the JDPU
Abstract:
This article discusses the factors influencing the formation of speech
culture in future teachers and students. Also, the importance and necessity, content
and essence, and specific features of the factors influencing the formation of speech
culture in students are reflected.
Keywords:
Education, upbringing, students, speech, ability, creativity,
communication, cognition, communicativeness, memory, attention, worldview, health,
healthy lifestyle, spiritual and moral perfection, personality, mature specialist,
enlightenment culture.
It is considered appropriate for a creative educator to pay attention to the extensive
use of foreign experience in the formation of the child's speech culture, along with the
rich experience gained. In this case, as a result of the initiative, creativity,
communicativeness, cognitive and reflexive approach of the educator, the child
acquires deep knowledge about the history and culture, literature, art, traditions and
customs of his ancestors. Through the study of intercultural competences, students'
interest and potential in interstate cultural heritage increases.
The culture of a growing child is determined by his morality, manners, behavior,
human qualities and qualities. The speech culture that is formed in a child is formed
and is formed on the basis of cultural, intellectual, legal, religious, economic and
political knowledge. This knowledge, in turn, allows the child's level of culture and
indicators of his personality, as well as his personal qualities and qualities, to mature,
and to take his place in society as a mature person in the future. Therefore, culture in a
child's personality does not arise by itself. It is realized under the influence of acquired
knowledge, skills and qualifications. Culture is a complex of all positive, intellectual
achievements accumulated in the process of various activities (study, play, work) of a
particular member of society, that is, a child's personality.
If language is a means of communication, then speech is a form of
communication. The role of both in human life is incomparable. Speech is a means of
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interpersonal communication. When a person is born, he is in the process of
communicating with people around him. In fact, the foundation of this communication
is formed in the womb. When the child is 3 months old in the womb, his heart begins
to beat. It is during this period that the child feels the psychological state of the mother
and hears sounds. During this period, the mother's communication with her child is of
great importance. The foundation of personal education also dates back to the mother's
pregnancy. This has also been proven by scientists. Various narrations on this topic
have reached us. According to the narration, a 6-month-old child was brought to a wise
man and asked to be raised. Then the wise man asked, "How old is your child?" He
replied, "Our child is 6 months old." The wise man replied, "You are 6 months late in
raising a child." Therefore, just as we need to start education from the womb, we also
need to start communication from this period. This communication process is carried
out directly through Allah when he is born.
Among the modern scholars, there are such words of Mahmudkhodja Behbudi:
"First, let us become Muslims, let us know our own Uzbek language, and then let us
learn not two, but four languages." If this is an example of an Eastern view of language
learning, then in the West there are also several opinions on language learning.
Y.I. Tikheyeva, in her scientific views, believes that it is more appropriate to teach
children their native language and master it perfectly.
Since the main activity of preschool children is play, during the game the child is
taught to speak clearly with correct pronunciation, to build sentences grammatically
correctly.
Another factor that causes the violation of children's speech is the imbalance
between the literary language and dialect. According to the requirements for the
teacher, the teacher is strictly prohibited from using jargon and dialect in his speech.
Therefore, it is advisable for the educator to speak in a literary language. However,
another contradiction arises here. The child learned to speak in a literary language
through the teacher's speech, while communication in the family is observed in dialect.
This creates hesitation in the child. In this process, the teacher's use of dialect cannot
be a solution to the problem. Later, after entering school, he will have difficulties.
Because the literature that the child is reading is written in a literary language. To
prevent this from happening, it is important to speak with the child in a literary
language as much as possible, avoiding the use of street words. The responsibility in
this lies with both parents and educators. Fairy tales, poems, songs are used to teach
children a literary language. This helps to properly form literary language literacy in
children. Sometimes, seemingly insignificant, seemingly insignificant mistakes can
give rise to big problems.
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When we talk about speech, we should not only consider fluent speech, but also
beautiful, emotional speech. At the same time, we should also learn and teach how to
communicate in a civilized manner within the framework of etiquette.
When it comes to raising children, we often attribute responsibility to mothers and
teachers, but the role of fathers in this regard is also invaluable. For example, if we do
not go far and take real-life examples, some fathers teach their sons swear words, and
when the child learns and repeats them, they are even happy. But first of all, this
becomes a constant word that the child says in his speech and rebukes his peers and
even adults. Secondly, communicating with swear words has a very negative impact
on a child's upbringing and later leads to a violation of moral standards in the child.
Failure to prevent this creates an opportunity for values to be trampled on and
immorality to take root and flourish.
Joint verbal creativity of adults and children is the main condition for the
development of monological speech. Children who have just turned five years old show
interest in retelling familiar fairy tales, telling stories, and telling from their own
experience. An adult should support the child's initiative by asking leading and
clarifying questions, creating game situations. According to the methods of
transmitting or presenting information, the following types of expression can be
distinguished: description, description, reasoning, which can be found in the fluent
thinking of preschool children in a contaminated (mixed) form, that is, in them the
methods of description (reasoning) are combined with description (and vice versa). It
is recommended to teach the composition of various types of texts in such forms as
work conversations, analysis (evaluation) of one's own and others' texts, drawing up a
plan and telling a story based on it, using a text scheme (model), and various exercises.
2. Development of lexical aspects of speech A word is an important language unit for
naming objects, processes, and properties. Working on words is one of the most
important tasks in the general system of work on the development and growth of
speech. In conclusion, along with the physical and mental health of a child, the
development of his speech is also one of the factors indicating his readiness for school.
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