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PROCESSES IN OBTAINING NI NANOPARTICLES USING
RAZRYADS
Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov
Alternative energy release unit
Kuchkanov Sherzodbek Kurbonovich
(associate professor of the department t.f.b.f.D PhD).
Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov
Department of alternative energy sources,
Renewable energy sources
Master of Stage 1
Parakhatov Eduard Kuatovich
Alternative Energy Sources 2nd Stage Master's Degree
Begdullaev Azizbek Rustembayevich
Annotatsiya: Nanolazerlardan foydalanish sohasida zarrachalar olish
jarayoni murakkab va ko‘p bosqichli ilmiy-texnik jarayon hisoblanadi. Razryadlar
yordamida nanozarralar olish usuli nanomateriallarni yaratishda innovatsion
yondashuvlardan biri sifatida keng qo‘llanilmoqda. Bu usul yuqori samaradorligi,
nazorat qilinadigan o‘lchamdagi zarrachalarni olish imkoniyati va ekologik tozaligi
bilan ajralib turadi. Razryadlar yordamida nanozarralar olish jarayonining asosiy
tamoyillari, mexanizmlari, shuningdek, bu jarayonda yuzaga keladigan fizik va
kimyoviy hodisalar haqida batafsil tahlil qilish zarur.
Kalit so‘zlar: nanozarralar, nanomateriallar, kondensatsiya, kimyoviy
reaksiyalar, plazma, moddalar, innovatsion texnologiyalar.
Аннотация: В области применения нанолазеров процесс получения
частиц представляет собой сложный и многоступенчатый научно-
технический процесс. Метод получения наночастиц с помощью разрядов
широко используется как один из инновационных подходов к созданию
наноматериалов. Этот метод отличается высокой эффективностью,
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возможностью получения частиц контролируемого размера и экологичностью.
Необходим подробный анализ основных принципов, механизмов процесса
получения наночастиц с помощью разрядов, а также физических и химических
явлений, происходящих в этом процессе.
Ключевые слова: наночастицы, наноматериалы, конденсация,
химические реакции, плазма, вещества, инновационные технологии.
Abstract: In the field of the use of nanolasers, the process of obtaining particles
is a complex and multi-stage scientific and technical process. The method of obtaining
nanoparticles using razryads is widely used as one of the innovative approaches to
creating nanomaterials. This method is characterized by high efficiency, the possibility
of obtaining particles of controlled size and environmental friendliness. With the help
of discharge, a detailed analysis of the basic principles, mechanisms of the
nanoparticle extraction process, as well as the physical and chemical phenomena that
occur in this process, is necessary.
Keywords: nanoparticles, nanomaterials, condensation, chemical reactions,
plasma, substances, innovative technologies.
INTRODUCTION
The process of obtaining nickel nanoparticles using discharges is carried out
mainly on the basis of gas discharges or plasma discharges. In this process, when
exposed to an electric field, substances in the gas or vapor state are ionized and high-
energy particles are formed. These particles are formed by collisions, condensation,
and chemical reactions in the form of nanoscale particles. The plasma formed in the
discharges, with its high temperature and ionized state, affects the surface and
composition of nanoparticles, which makes it possible to control their properties. In the
process of obtaining nickel nanoparticles using discharge, the main focus is on the type
of discharge and its parameters. Gas discharges, especially Corona, wavelet, and
controllable discharges, are widely used in the generation of nickel nanoparticles. Each
type of discharge has its own physical processes and plasma properties, which play an
important role in controlling the size, shape and chemical composition of nanoparticles.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
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The process of formation of nickel nanoparticles is closely related to the
chemical reactions occurring within the plasma. In discharges, complex chemical
reactions occur between existing gas components and additional reactants, resulting in
nanoscale compounds and particles. In these processes, parameters such as gas
composition, pressure, discharge voltage and frequency have a direct effect on the size
and morphology of nanoparticles. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately control these
parameters when optimizing the process of obtaining nickel nanoparticles. Another
important factor that occurs when obtaining nickel nanoparticles using razryads is the
interaction between plasma and nanoparticles. High-energy particles within the plasma
form reactive sites on the surface of nanoparticles, increasing their chemical activity.
As a result, new chemical compounds may appear on the surface of nickel
nanoparticles or existing coatings may change. These processes are important in
improving the functional properties of nanoparticles. In the process of obtaining
nanoparticles, the time duration of the discharge and the frequency of repetition also
play a large role.[1]
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The materials used to obtain nanoparticles using razors also influence the
success of the process. Usually, metal, oxide, nitrite and other chemical compounds are
obtained in the form of nanoparticles. The ionization energy, chemical activity, and
interaction of each material with plasma determine the specific properties of
nanoparticles. For example, copper and nickel nanoparticles have high electrical
conductivity and are widely used in electronics. Oxide nanoparticles, on the other hand,
are used as catalysts and photocatalysts. There are also technological problems that
arise in the process of obtaining nanoparticles using discharge. The most basic problem
is constant control of the size and shape of nanoparticles. Because particles in the
nanoscale can significantly change their properties as a result of small changes. This
requires accurate adjustment of the discharge parameters, optimization of plasma
conditions and control of the chemical composition of materials. Various filtration and
separation methods are also used to prevent the assembly of nanoparticles and ensure
that they are uniform.[2]
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The technology of obtaining nanoparticles using razryads is widely used in
scientific research and industrial production. Nanoparticles created using this method
provide new opportunities in the fields of electronics, medicine, energy and materials
science. For example, nanoscale catalysts play an important role in accelerating
chemical reactions, while nanoparticle-based sensors have a higher sensitivity. In
addition, nickel nanoparticles obtained using razryads are being used as the main
component in creating new composite materials. Environmental aspects of the nickel
nanoparticle acquisition process are also important. The method of obtaining
nanoparticles using razryads produces less harmful emissions compared to traditional
chemical methods and reduces energy consumption. This places this technology among
the environmentally friendly technologies. Additional filtration and purification
methods are also used to ensure that the gases and plasma content released during
nanoparticle extraction using razryads are environmentally friendly.[3]
In the process of obtaining nickel nanoparticles, modern diagnostic tools are
used to determine the controlled conditions and parameters of the discharge. For
example, plasma and nanoparticle properties are analyzed using techniques such as
optical spectroscopy, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction. These diagnostic tools
allow you to monitor the process in real time and make the necessary changes. Thus,
the nanoparticle extraction process is more efficient and reliable. [4]
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the process of obtaining nanoparticles using razryads occupies
an important place in the field of modern nanotechnology. This method makes it
possible to obtain high-quality, controlled-size nanoparticles and is used in various
industries. To increase the efficiency of the process, it is necessary to accurately control
the parameters of the discharge, in-depth study of plasma and chemical reactions, as
well as the use of modern diagnostic tools. In the future, further development of this
technology is expected to bring new scientific discoveries and technological advances.
REFERENCES
1. Akhmedov, B. R. (2021). "Technology for the synthesis of nickel nanoparticles
using razryads". Journal Of Chemistry Of Uzbekistan, 15 (3), 45-53.
MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT
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2. Islamova, M. D., & Kadyrov, S. T. (2022). ”Control of the size and morphology of
nickel nanoparticles in plasma discharges". Journal Of Scientific Research, 8(1), 12-
20.
3. Jalilov, A. N. (2023). ”The role and effect of gas discharges in obtaining nickel
nanoparticles". Nanotechnology and Materials Science, 10(2), 67-75.
4. Sobirov, F. X., & Karimova, L. S. (2020). "Synthesis of metal nanoparticles using
razryads: in the case of nickel”. Journal Of Physics Of Uzbekistan, 22 (4), 88-95.
5. Kadyrov, S. T., & Akhmedova, N. M. (2021). ”Discharge control of the chemical
composition and surface of nickel nanoparticles". Journal of chemistry and
Technology, 14(1), 33-41.
6. Tursunov, I. R. (2023). ”Optimization of nickel nanoparticle extraction technology
in plasma discharges". Scientific Research, 9 (3), 55-63.
7. Yusupova, D. A. (2024). ”Studying the catalytic properties of nickel nanoparticles
using discharge technology". Reports Of The Center For Nanotechnology Of
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