MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT
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CORRUPTION IS THE ROAD TO DESTRUCTION.
Djumaboev Jaloliddin Zayniddinovich
Senior instructor of the Combat Training Cycle of the Institute of Advanced
Training of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, lieutenant
colonel
Abstract: This article provides theoretical and scientific information based on
what corruption is, its historical origins and legal interpretations.
Keywords: History, Corruption, Gift, Bribe, Religion, Egypt, India, Europe.
Corruption historical The roots are probably a compliment. win for gifts to
give to the habit go It is expensive. gift person other from applicants separate stood
and his/her request execution to provide help gave. That's why for primitive in
societies priest or to the leader right pay usual case was. The state apparatus becoming
more complex, central authority authority As the power of rulers increases, to their
plans because, only designated salary with contentment need professional officials
who are appearance It was. In practice official individuals own from the position using
your own their income secretly to increase movement those who did.
To corruption against wrestler as to the language taken first ruler from BC the
24th century before second the city-state of Lagash in the middle Sumerian king Just
me. Corruption for demonstrative and often cruel to punishments despite him against
struggle expected to the results take did not come. The most good in the case, the most
dangerous of crimes took was taken, but small theft and bribery at the level corruption
wide spread. Corruption dedicated first brochure Artha Shastra from BC in the 4th
century BC From the ministers of Bharata (India) one by Kautilya nickname with
publication In it he was called " the king 's property , no at least this to the property
responsible those who were by mastering " It won't happen ," he said. pessimistic to
the conclusion arrived.
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Ancient Egypt Pharaohs to that similar to problems face they came, they
officials huge bureaucratic apparatus formed, this and free farmers , artisans and even
military to the nobles against lawlessness and arbitrariness to create opportunity gave
. Known one Itahotel's doctrine preserved the rest, he recommends says: " To your
superiors your back bent Wait, then. your house orderly your salary will be good will
be, because this boss in front of resistance indicator for bad, but he is good see, live
easy.
Judges corruption separately anxiety wakes up because this of property illegal
again to the distribution and conflict law from the circle outside solution to do to your
liking take It comes. No wonder not the leader religions, all kind of corruption , first
in turn , the judges bribery they condemn : " boss" gift demand does , judge and bribe
for verdict does , nobles and own of their hearts evil wishes statement they do . and
the work to spoil "; " Gifts acceptance don't do it , because gifts those who have seen
blind does and of the righteous work "( Ex . 23:8, also Deuteronomy 16:19); " Love
one another property do not assimilate and other people of property one part
intentionally mastery for to the judges bribe "(Quran , 2: 188 ) and others .
XII of the tables In ancient Roman law, the term " corrumpere " meant " in
court " the show to money change " and " to the judge bribe in the meanings of " to
give " apply began: " You indeed the law decree seeing Are you coming out ? court
at the meeting appointed judge or to the intermediary [ this work according to ] money
bribe taking at the time caught if taken , hard will be punished ?).
Corruption understanding for Nicolo Machiavelli works important motivation
He gives corruption consumption such as disease with compared. At first recognizing
to take difficult but treatable easier . If it is ignored if it remains, recognizing to take
easy , but treatable difficult
18th century from the end In the West society to corruption in relation to turn
face Liberal reforms state authority to him/her subordinate people interest for exists ,
therefore for subjects officials to the laws strict compliance they do in return the
government supports , says slogan under done In particular , in 1787 , the made USA
Constitution see , bribe to take Joint States to the president relatively impeachment
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announcement to be done possible was clear record done two from crime is one .
Society state apparatus your work to the quality increasingly more impact do started.
Political parties and government by order to plant increasingly, political elite and
large business between language attachment episodes increasingly increasing going
to worry However, it has developed in countries corruption level in the 19th-20th
centuries of the world remaining to the part relatively decreased.
Developed in countries corruption evolution new Stage XIX-XX centuries
head It was. One on the part of the state by order of the place other increase and to
that suitable accordingly official of individuals powers started Other from the side ,
large private business appearance It was a competition . in the struggle for " the state"
buy to get " appeal do started - now some small state officials occasionally with bribe
to get not, maybe their activity directly to subdue entered. politicians and high official
officials capital to protect the interests of for. Developed in countries (especially since
World War II) then Western in Europe) political of parties importance increasing
progress with large companies and transnational corporations to politicians personally
not , maybe own interests lobby what they did for party to the treasury money when
they paid party corruption developed .
20th century second in the middle corruption increasingly international to the
problem circle Corporations by abroad high official to individuals bribe to give wide
spread. Globalization one in the country corruption many of countries to develop
negative impact to show take came. However, corruption level the most high was
countries now third world with limited no longer : former in the 1990s socialist in
countries liberalization . career powers rude accordingly abuse to do with together.
Financial Times, December 31 , 1995 in the issue, the year 1995 was marked by "
corruption year " announced From corruption awareness increase UN International to
corruption against struggle set the date ( December 9 ) .
Corruption (from Latin corrumpere - corruption, from Latin corruptio -
bribery, damage) - a term usually denoting the abuse of power by an official and the
rights entrusted to him, as well as the authority, opportunities, and connections
associated with this official, for personal gain, contrary to status, law, and moral
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principles. Corruption official to individuals bribe to give, their mafia countries for
typical was also called corruption . Europe in their languages relevant term usually
original Latin of the word main from the meaning come came out without wider to
semantics has.
Corruption characteristic sign official person's actions and his/her work giver
interests between conflict or elected official person's actions with society interests
between is a contradiction. Corruption many types state official personality by
happened done to fraud looks like and state to the authorities against crimes to the
category enters.
Optional to authority has was every how official person - to oneself relevant
not been every how resources own at will according to distribution authority (official)
person, deputy, judge , law protection to do organ employee , manager and others ) to
corruption exposed to be possible . Corruption main encouraging power from the
authorities use with related economic to receive profit (rent) opportunity , main
stopper factor and exposed to and punishment danger is considered .
Corruption systematicity his/her damage seen state in organizations working
to individuals relatively coercion in the feature manifestation will be.
Macroeconomic and political economy according to to research according to,
corruption economic growth and development on the way the most big barrier is,
every how changes danger under to put possible . Most Europe in the countries
corruption crime is considered.
of Uzbekistan, corruption is the abuse of official position, bribery , bribery,
abuse of official authority, commercial bribery or other illegal use of one's official
position by an individual contrary to the legitimate interests of society and the state.
receiving benefits for oneself or third parties in the form of money, valuables, other
property or services of a property nature, other property rights, or the unlawful
provision of such benefits to the specified person by other persons; as well as
committing these actions on behalf of a legal entity or in its interests such as The
concept of “corruption crime” as defined in the law does not have a specific definition.
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Abuse may be one of the forms of corruption (one of the criminal acts of an official
or a group of persons), but does not exhaust the entire definition of corruption.
USED LITERATURE
1.
Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 2023
2.
Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. О'RQ-407 “On Internal Affairs Bodies”
dated September 16, 2016.
3. Law
of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Combating Corruption" of January 3, 2017.
4.
https://linguanet.ru/ob-universitete/protivodeystvie-korruptsii/chto-takoe-
korruptsiya/
5.
OMOtayev
“ Foreign and Uzbek experience in combating corruption
” Fergana
State University Department of Anti-Corruption “Compliance-Control” System
Management The importance of higher educational institutions in instilling the
“Honesty Vaccine” in young people in the new Uzbekistan” Collection of materials
of the Republican Scientific and Practical Conference. P. 559 - 635
2024
6.
http://fso.gov.ru/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Foreign_exp.pdf .
