J Narchaev, F. Narchaev
Objective: to study the immunological and morphological features of the course of purulent-necrotic processes in the lower extremities against the background of local application of the proteolytic enzyme cucumazim.
Material and methods: 352 patients with purulent-necrotic lesions of the lower extremities on the background of DM were examined. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the treatment performed. Group I consisted of 112 patients who underwent traditional complex treatment. Group II included 240 patients who underwent complex treatment with local application of the plant-derived proteolytic enzyme cucumazim. The results of treatment were evaluated on the basis of morphological and immunological studies.Results. It was found that purulent-necrotic complications in the lower extremities occur with a pronounced decrease in humoral and cellular immunity, as evidenced by lymphopenia, an imbalance in lymphocyte populations, and inhibition of phagocytic activity of neutrophils and macrophages. Local use of cucumazim, judging by morphological data, allowed the relief of purulent-necrotic processes in the foot on the one hand, on the other, had a significant positive shift in regenerative-proliferative mechanisms in damaged tissues. Against the background of local use of cucumazim, there was not only a tendency to normalize immunity indicators by increasing the quantitative content of cellular elements, but also their qualitative improvement.
Conclusion. Based on the conducted studies, it was found that purulent-necrotic complications in the lower extremities occur with a pronounced decrease in humoral and cellular immunity. Local use of cucumazim as part of a complex treatment contributedto the normalization of immunity indicators and the relief of the purulent-necrotic process.
