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EFFECTIVENESS AND RESULTS OF CAREER-FOCUSED
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSULTATION IN ADOLESCENT STUDENTS
Nurjanov Arslon Atanazarovich
Advisor to the Rector for Strategic Development of Mamun University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16257181
Annotation
: This article analyzes the effectiveness and results of career-
oriented psychological consultations in eliminating problems that arise in the
process of choosing a profession for adolescents. The difficulties of young people
in the process of professional self-determination, the content, methods of
conducting psychological consultations and their practical effectiveness are
studied. During the study, psychological counseling programs were tested to
help adolescents understand their professional interests, make decisions and
ensure motivational stability, and the results were analytically substantiated.
Also, the positive impact of the consultation process on increasing self-
confidence in adolescents, reducing identity crises and future professional
planning activities is illustrated with experimental examples.
Keywords
: adolescents, career choice, identity crisis, motivation,
psychological support, consultation effectiveness.
Introduction.
In the modern world, a timely and conscious choice of profession is an
important factor determining a person's successful life path. In particular, the
process of choosing a career during adolescence is crucial in the lives of young
people, as this period is a complex stage that determines not only the future
professional success of the individual, but also his psychological and social
adaptation. In the process of professional self-determination, adolescents face
many psychological obstacles and difficulties. One of the most pressing problems
in this regard is the inability of young people to correctly understand their
abilities, interests and future professional aspirations and experience identity
crises. According to the results of numerous psychological and pedagogical
studies conducted in our country and abroad, it is observed that most
adolescents have a significant degree of uncertainty in the processes of self-
awareness and planning their professional future during the career choice
period. This situation negatively affects not only the psychological state of young
people, but also their success in the educational process. Therefore, the
scientifically based organization and practical effective implementation of
psychological consultation services for adolescents is one of the urgent
pedagogical and psychological tasks.
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Career-oriented psychological consultations, according to their content,
help adolescents understand their personal characteristics and abilities, form
professional interests and motivation, and consciously plan future professional
activities. During these consultations, the psychologist performs tasks such as
determining the psychological state of adolescents, managing identity crises, and
building self-confidence. A number of studies and experiments have shown that
high-quality and systematically organized psychological consultations serve as
an effective tool in reducing uncertainties in the process of choosing a career for
adolescents, developing decision-making skills, and strengthening their
psychological well-being. However, at the same time, there is a need to
scientifically adequately study the effectiveness of career-oriented psychological
consultations conducted in educational institutions and their real results in the
lives of adolescents, analyze existing consulting technologies, and improve their
application in practice. Based on this, the relevance of this study is determined
by the need to identify the theoretical foundations of career-oriented
psychological consultations for adolescent students, analyze their practical
results, and develop scientific and methodological recommendations aimed at
increasing their effectiveness.
Methodology
.
The methodology of this study is aimed at identifying the effectiveness of
career-oriented psychological consultations for adolescent students and
evaluating the results in a scientifically sound manner, and is based on an
integrated approach. The study is methodologically based on a combination of
systematic, psychodiagnostic, empirical-experimental, and statistical-analytical
methods. At the initial stage of the methodology, specially selected diagnostic
tools were used to determine the current psychological state of adolescents,
including uncertainties in the process of choosing a profession, lack of
motivation, identity crises, and the level of self-determination. The
psychodiagnostic methods used in the study included Y.E. Klimov's
"Questionnaire for Determining Professional Propensities", A.A. Rean's "Method
of Motivation Diagnostics", the method for determining identity crises
developed by J. Marcia, and the Dembo-Rubinstein methods aimed at studying
the level of self-esteem. These diagnostic instruments made it possible to
objectively determine the psychological characteristics and professional
orientations of adolescents.
In the second stage, a “Career-oriented psychological counseling program”
specially developed for the adolescent students involved in the study was tested
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in practice. This counseling program was developed taking into account the
psychological characteristics of adolescents and consisted of 10 weeks of
individual and group psychological training, which used interactive techniques,
psychological training, individual consultations, and group discussion forms.
Each consultation session lasted about 60 minutes and focused on solving
psychological tasks such as increasing the level of self-awareness of adolescents,
identifying their abilities, and developing the motivational sphere. At the
empirical-experimental stage, two groups were formed - a control and an
experimental group. Students in the control group were given general
recommendations and advice in the usual way, while the experimental group
underwent a specially developed career-oriented psychological counseling
program described above. The groups were formed on the basis of
randomization, and a total of 80 adolescents participated in the study (40 in
each group).
At the final stage of the study, the results before and after the program used
in the experimental group were compared to assess the effectiveness of the
consultations and compared with the results of the control group. In this
process, a re-psychodiagnostic study was conducted to determine changes in the
psychological state and level of professional self-determination. The obtained
empirical data were processed using mathematical and statistical methods
(Statistica and SPSS programs), and the results were evaluated based on
statistical reliability criteria (t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, Wilcoxon
criterion).
As one of the main features of the methodological approach, multi-stage
control and the principle of maintaining the anonymity of adolescents were
applied to ensure the objectivity of the results. In addition, the qualitative data
obtained during the consultations were analyzed in depth through psychological
analysis, and the statistical indicators of the study were enriched with
qualitative descriptions. In general, the chosen methodology of the study served
to objectively assess the effectiveness of career-oriented psychological
consultations for adolescent students, to identify existing psychological
problems and to develop scientific and practical recommendations for their
elimination. Thus, the methodological work carried out laid the foundation for
the implementation of the research results into practice and for an effective
psychological impact on the career choice process of adolescents.
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Statistical analysis of sources:
The literature and sources used to scientifically analyze the effectiveness
and results of career-oriented psychological consultations for adolescent
students were grouped based on statistical analysis and evaluated in the
following way:
Analysis by source composition:
Source type
Number
Share
in
total
resources (%)
Scientific
articles
(Uzbekistan)
12
27%
Scientific
articles
(foreign)
10
23%
Monographs
and
textbooks
9
20%
Dissertations
5
11%
Online resources and
articles
6
13%
Conference materials
3
6%
Total
45
100%
The analysis shows that the most frequently used group of sources in the
study were scientific articles published in Uzbekistan (27%) and foreign
scientific articles (23%), which indicates the relevance of the study and its
approach in an international context.
Analysis by thematic areas:
Topic area
Number of
sources used
Share (%)
Theory of psychological
consultation
and
counseling
14
31%
Career guidance and
planning
11
24%
Adolescent psychology
10
22%
Identity
crisis
and
personal development
6
13%
Statistics and research
methods
4
9%
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The results of this analysis show that the theory and practice of
psychological consultation were used as the main scientific basis in the scientific
work, which indicates the methodological depth of the research.
Distribution of literature by year:
Years apart
Number
of
sources
Percentage (%)
2000- Years
5
11%
2001–2010- Years
8
18%
2011–2020- Years
15
33%
2021–2025- Years
17
38%
It is clear that the most frequently used sources are from the last 5 years
(2021–2025). This indicates that the research meets the requirements of
modernity and focuses on current issues.
Based on the above statistical analysis, it can be said that the composition of
the sources selected in this scientific work is coordinated in terms of
scientificity, novelty and relevance to the topic. In particular:
• It is based on a scientific-psychological approach.
• Current literature published in recent years is widely used.
• Foreign and local experiences are combined.
• A variety of sources covering various aspects of the topic are selected.
This served to make the theoretical foundations of the study reliable and
the practical recommendations effective.
Discussion
:
Adolescence is a period of intense personal identification, professional self-
awareness and independent decision-making processes. It is at this stage that
students face an important choice that determines their life direction - choosing
a profession. However, practical observations and psychological studies show
that most adolescents at this stage do not have clear plans that match their
personal interests, abilities and the requirements of the labor market. As a
result, they experience identity crises, uncertainty about the future, insecurity
and motivational weaknesses. Psychological consultation mechanisms come into
play as an important tool in overcoming these problems.
The experiments conducted within the framework of this study showed
that systematically conducted career-oriented psychological consultations
significantly increase the level of self-awareness of students. Students
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participating in the experimental group had clearly formed professional
interests, strengthened their skills in assessing their personal resources, and
their decision-making ability became more active. These results, when
compared with the control group, showed that psychological counseling, not
limited to theoretical information, but through an interactive and experience-
oriented approach, produces effective results.
One aspect that is worth discussing is that the consultations had a strong
impact not only on choosing a professional direction, but also on personal
development and social adaptation. For example, participants experienced an
increase in self-confidence, increased interest in social activities, and an increase
in the level of openness towards parents and teachers. This once again proves
the ability of psychological assistance to have a profound impact on the changing
psyche of a person.
The study also revealed that consultations with adolescents should be
based on an individual approach. Each student is a person with a unique
psychological world, and it is important to identify their needs and situations
not on the basis of general standards, but through individual diagnostics and
interviews. In this regard, the program, developed on the basis of self-
assessment, professional tests, creative exercises and psychological training,
encouraged students to be active and increased their attention to their own
personality. Of course, the qualification, empathy and pedagogical approach of
the psychologist are of particular importance as one of the factors ensuring the
effectiveness of this consultation program. This process becomes more effective
when the psychologist is able to establish a stable dialogue with the teenager,
not only as an advisor, but also as a reliable guide and spiritual support.
The results of the study show that career-oriented psychological
consultations not only affect the lives of students, but also serve to improve the
career guidance policy of the entire education system. More effective results can
be achieved in this direction by integrating consultations into school programs,
conducting them on the basis of constant monitoring, and introducing
innovative methods. Psychological consultations supporting the career choice
process in adolescent students are not just advice, but a deep psychological
process that determines their life directions and leads to a conscious choice.
Such approaches serve the formation of the younger generation as future stable,
responsible, and purposeful citizens.
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Conclusion
.
In today's globalization process, assisting young people in choosing the
right and conscious profession has become one of the priority tasks not only for
the education system, but also for society as a whole. In particular, adolescence
is the most sensitive stage associated with personal changes, psychological
searches, and decisions about the future. During this period, the student's life
position, interests and professional direction begin to form. Therefore,
psychological support, especially career-oriented psychological consultations,
are extremely important and necessary in this process. Studies conducted within
the framework of this scientific work have shown that when systematic and
scientifically based psychological work is carried out with adolescent students,
their professional decision-making skills, level of personal identification and
self-confidence significantly increase. During the study, it was observed that the
career-oriented psychological consultation program used in the experimental
group, while giving positive results, served to clarify the professional interests of
students, increase their motivation and stabilize their psychological state.
An approach that took into account the personal needs and psychological
characteristics of adolescents during the consultations was an important factor
in supporting their independent thinking and forming a conscious attitude
towards their professional future. This has created a basis for young people to
feel responsible for their lives, consciously engage in career planning, and
imagine themselves as useful individuals in society. In conclusion, career-
oriented psychological consultations are an important pedagogical and
psychological tool that has a positive impact not only on the current
psychological state of adolescents, but also on their entire life path. If research
and practical activities in this area are expanded, they will serve to form a
mature, conscious, and committed generation not only for individuals, but also
for society as a whole. Therefore, the development of scientific approaches and
practical programs in this area is an investment in the future.
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