Xalqaro munosabatlar

As worldwide temperatures continue to increment and the measure of Co2 comparable stuff in the air is at record level, the critical connections between Gross domestic product development, energy utilization extension and ozone depleting substances emanation increments should be more explored, albeit monetary development and biological capital has been abundantly discussed: Can they today be joined to give both success and ecological maintainability? On the miniature level, many undertakings show that this is for sure conceivable. In any case, on the full scale level, worldwide outflows of ozone depleting substances follow the headway of country abundance intently. The connection is the continually expanding need for more energy, given by petroleum derivatives. The G20 arrangements are presumably impending past the point where it is possible to keep away from debacles.

The withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan in 2021 has not diminished the region’s importance in U.S. foreign policy, as indicated in the Biden-Harris National Security Strategy 2022. The U.S. aims to balance ongoing counterterrorism efforts against Al-Qaeda and Islamic State- Khorasan cells with pragmatic diplomacy, including potential engagement with the Taliban government. American policy towards Afghanistan will prioritize maintaining dominance in the face of emerging powers like Russia and China, while shaping major regional developments. Central Asian countries, particularly Uzbekistan, are emerging as crucial intermediaries for the United States in its nuanced approach towards Afghanistan. This approach involves tactical engagement to address immediate security concerns, alongside diplomatic isolationism to pressure the Taliban into making concessions regarding human rights and inclusive governance. The role of Uzbekistan has gained strategic significance for the United States due to its geographical proximity, shared values and traditions, and historical involvement in the region. Uzbekistan’s perspective prioritizes indirect engagement and regional partnerships to advance U.S. interests in the region, while incorporating Afghanistan into the regional framework.

The consequences and reasons of the activities of private employment agencies in regulation of migration in the context of demographic, environmental, social and general legal approaches in society are studied in this article. Migrants who left Uzbekistan to work abroad for twenty-five years, their geography and its main reasons are analyzed. In the last two years, permission for private employment agencies in Uzbekistan to carry out their activities, their activity of sending migrants abroad has been based on insufficient legal and economic protection of migrants. At the same time, various specialists, skilled workers and simply passionate people (creators of their own destiny) left their homeland for political or economic reasons. Some of them leave to earn money temporarily and some leave to live in a new place. As a result, these individuals tried to find their place in another society. The activities of private employment agencies and the reasons for emigration from Uzbekistan show that only through concrete economic and legal measures Uzbekistan can protect its citizens from human trafficking and fraud.

This article describes the role of the US ideology of neoconservatism in the system of international relations, approaches to
national interests, the methodological basis of modern neoconservative theories

In this article the essence and relationship between concepts national interest and the international relations in the conditions of
globalization in public life is investigated. It is considered that the foundations of any international relation make national interests , their
content and its socio-political role

This subject analyses the framework of international law that regulates the flow of people across international borders as regular or irregular migrants. It also equips students to understand the human rights of migrants who live or work in countries outside the state of their nationality.

The most important tasks in the field of economic development are attracting foreign investments into the economy of our country, creating favourable conditions for them, providing legal protection and further improving the investment climate. The article analyzes the basic concepts of the international financial centre and its brief history, the views of several scholars from different countries on international financial centres and their types. Prospects for the establishment of international financial centres in Uzbekistan were also studied. This was demonstrated as a result of the analysis of the legal, financial and other possibilities of establishing an international financial centre based on common law in Uzbekistan.

O'zbekistonning ayni damda mahalliy va xalqaro maydonda olib borayotgan siyosati xorijiy davlatlar, xususan Yevropa Ittifoqi bilan erkin iqtisodiy munosabatlarga imkoniyat yaratayabti. Mazkur maqolaning maqsadi O'zbekiston Respublikasi mustaqillikka erishgandan so'ng Yevropa Ittifoqi davlatlari bilan olib birgan integratsiyalashuv jarayonini tahlil qilish hamda ikki davlat o'rtasida yo'lga qo'yilishi nazarda tutilgan istiqbolli g'oyalarni o'rganishdan iborat. Maqolaning ilmiy va amaliy dolzarbligi Yevropa Ittifoqining 0‘zbekiston milliy iqtisodiyotini internalizatsiyalashda tutgan o'rnini o'rganishdan iborat. Unda tarixiy, qiyosiy, event-tahlil va induksiya ilmiy metodlaridan foydalanilgan. 1991- yilda qabul qilingan “Sheriklik va hamkorlik to'g'risidagi shartnoma” o'zaro iqtisodiy aloqalarga yo'l ochgan bo'lib.munosabatlarning keying davrida Yevropa Ittifoqining O'zbekistonni markazlashtirilgan Sovet uslubidagi iqtisodiy tuzilishidan bozor iqtisodiyotiga o'tishiga, O'zbekistonni 9-benefitisar davlat deb qabul qilin, u eksport qilgan tovarlarga imtiyozli bojlarni joriy qilishga va inson kapitalini mustahkamlashga qaratilagan loyihalarni amalga oshirishga sababchi bo'ldi. Maqolaning ilmiy ahamiyati unda zamonaviy xalqaro munosabatlarda Yevropa Ittifoqi-O'zbekiston Respublikasi bo'yicha eng yangi bilimlar tahlil qilinganidan iborat. U soha mutahasisslari va ilmiy izlanuvchilar uchun foydali bo'lishi mumkin.

Mazkur mаqоlаdа Markaziy Osiyo mintaqasi davlatlarining XX аsrning 90-yillarida mintaqada integratsiyalashuv jаrаyоnlаrigа bo‘lgan intilishlarini tarixiy jihatdan tahlil etilgan bo‘lib, unda integratsiya jаrаyоnlаrining geosiyosiy, iqtisodiy, ijtimoiy va madaniy omillarning ta’sir etuvchi jihatlari o‘rgаnilgаn. Shu bilan bir qаtоrdа, XX-аsrning 90-yillarida Markaziy Osiyo mintaqasidagi integratsiyalashuv jаrаyоnlаrigа Turkiyа, Erоn, XXR, АQSh vа Rоssiyа Federаtsiyаsi kаbi mаmlаkаtlаrning geоsiyоsiy mаnfааtlаrining shakllanishi va bu mаmlаkаtlаr bilan Mаrkаziy Оsiyо dаvlаtlаrining аlоqаlаri оchib berilgаn.

Mazkur maqola O'zbekistonning Markaziy Osiyoda muhim geosiyosiy kuch sifatida namoyon bo'lishi va Xitoy bilan hamda Yevropa Ittifoqi (YI) bilan amalga oshirilgan yangi hamkorlik dasturlari, shartnomalari va kelishuvlarining tahliliga bag'ishlanadi. Xitoy va Yevropa Ittifoqi bilan 2023-2025-yillarda imzolangan shartnomalar, O'zbekistonning iqtisodiy, siyosiy va madaniy sohalarda qanday yangi imkoniyatlarga ega bo'lishiga yordam beradi. Ushbu maqolada, O'zbekistonning rivojlanishiga ta’sir ko'rsatuvchi yangi hamkorlik dasturlari va shartnomalarining tahlili bilan birga, kelajakdagi hamkorlik istiqbollari, imkoniyatlar va takliflar keltiriladi. Shuningdek, O'zbekistonning Markaziy Osiyo hududida kuchli davlat sifatida namoyon bo'lishi uchun zarur bo'lgan yo'llar tahlil etiladi.

The Republic of Uzbekistan and the Republic of Korea are bound by traditional relations of friendship and cooperation based on
universally recognized principles and norms of international law. Both countries pay great attention to issues of bilateral cooperation in the political, economic, cultural and other fields. The article is dedicated to the successful development of bilateral relations in all areas, which is facilitated by the absence of any political problems between the countries and a solid legal base

The article discusses the approaches of the US ideology of neoconservatism to national interests, the attitude of neoconservative
theorists to international relations and world politics, the neoconservative interpretation of the harmony of foreign policy and national interests, and the conflict with international law

The article analyzes the international legal status of international organizations, the primary subjects of international law, the
status of international relations and legal order with the help of scientific literature

The article analyzes the emergence and formation in the normative form of international legal standards of justice for children in international law. The periodization of the normative development of international legal standards of juvenile justice (justice for children) was carried out and a detailed analysis of special international UN documents in the field of justice for children was made. The international legal concepts and the content of the concepts "justice for children", "child-friendly justice", "child-sensitive justice", "access to justice for children" from the point of view of the modern theory of international law are investigated.
The paper analyzes the effectiveness of the use of artificial intelligence in the justice system for children and notes the need for an individual approach to each child and when making a decision to proceed only from human awareness, and not only artificial intelligence.
The author also notes that the current global growing trends of digitalization of all spheres of society contribute to the further development of the electronic justice system, based on which the emergence of a new concept of "electronic justice for children" in international law is predicted.

The article analyzes the main directions of the foreign policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan. It also focuses on the measures taken during the years of independence to ensure regional security, take a worthy place in the world community, protect human rights. The content of the initiatives put forward by our country to achieve sustainable development in the new Uzbekistan is revealed.

The article analyzes the main directions of the foreign policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan. It also focuses on the measures taken during the years of independence to ensure regional security, take a worthy place in the world community, protect human rights. The content of the initiatives put forward by our country to achieve sustainable development in the new Uzbekistan is revealed.

Objective: controlled Kinsta the WordPress Hosting [1] According to the site, in 2017, e-commerce accounted for 3.26 percent of
global GDP, estimated at $ 2.3 trillion. It is expected that in 2021 this figure will double to 4.5 trillion. By 2040, 95% of total global sales is projected in the form of e-commerce. It can be seen that e-commerce is growing rapidly. Consequently, in the future it will be necessary to fully form and regulate this network infrastructure by the state. In this article, we want to present the results of our study on e-commerce taxation. Research Method: Empirical and theoretical methods were used in this article. The principles and rules of taxation developed by international organizations and various countries, including Uzbekistan, were studied, the impact of tax rates on electronic commerce in different countries on the development of the industry was calculated, and the tax regimes of different countries were compared. In the course of these studies, the method of analysis and synthesis of the theoretical method was used to analyze some specific cases, such as the impact of postal service prices on electronic commerce. In the final part, we formed our ideas using the method of induction and deduction and presented them in a single and complete review.
The results of the study. Studies have shown that in the field of ecommerce taxation, there are a number of problems that are growing
rapidly. First, tax rates must be set very carefully so that in the future there is motivation for the development of e-commerce; secondly, given the fact that e-commerce occurs on the Internet, it is necessary to determine the incentives for its taxation; thirdly, the fact that the tax rates imposed on electronic commerce are significantly different from regular trade rates is objectionable by other representatives of the industry, etc. In the final section, we described in detail our similar results. Research findings: In short, first of all, the countries of the world need to integrate with each other in collecting taxes on electronic commerce, otherwise there may be a legal basis for double taxation. In addition, if general taxation rules are not developed, tax revenues may be received by the other party. Since in some countries taxes are levied in the countries where they are consumed, in other countries they are taxed at the place
where the seller is located

Membership in the most influential international organizations in the world, contributing to the improvement and development of their activities, decision-making by organizations and participation in the implementation of certain programs serve as the basis for increasing the prestige of any country in the international arena. It should be noted that today Uzbekistan has made great strides in this direction and is recognized by the world community. In particular, the recent reforms and initiatives of Uzbekistan to develop relations with the United Nations, one of the most influential organizations in the world, deserve recognition. The article describes Uzbekistan's current foreign and international policy and relations with the United Nations and its affiliates.