290
UDC: 338:636
Level of feed consumption by milk productivity in experimental cows in the first lactation
U.T.Rakhimov
-(PhD),
Z.K.Eshmanov
-student,
E.G.Pardayev
-student.
Samarkand State University of Veterinary Medicine, Animal
Livestock and Biotechnology
Abstract. In the research, it was found that the milk yield of Holstein cows depends on the
live weight at the first calving, and the cows with a live weight of 481 kg and above at the first
calving have high milk productivity, and the amount of milk in their I lactation is higher than at
the first calving. 282.0 kg (P>0.95) and 134.9 kg, milk fat yield 10.8 kg (P>0.99) and 4.4 kg,
milk protein output 9.1 kg (P>0.999) and 4.4 kg, 4% milk content 243.6 kg (P>0.99) and 109.7
kg was found to be high.
Also, in the research, the degree of milk coverage of cows depends on milk yield, and the
cows of experimental group III with high milk yield produce 1 kg of milk of natural fat content
compared to cows of experimental groups I and II, respectively, 0.04 feed units or 3.9 percent. ;
and 0.02 feed units or 1.9 percent; 1 kg of 4% milk consumed 1.05 nutritional units and 0.04
nutritional units or 3.8 percent compared to its peers; spent 0.02 feed units or 1.9 percent less.
Key words: breed, Holstein, cow, milk, feed, herd, live weight,
Annotatsiya. Tadqiqotlarda golshtin zotli sigirlarning sut mahsuldorligi birinchi
tug‘ishidagi tirik vazniga bog‘liqligi aniqlangan va birinchi tug‘ishida tirik vazni 481 kg hamda
undan yuqori bo‘lgan sigirlar yuqori sut mahsuldorligiga ega bo‘lganligi va ularning I
laktatsiyasida sut miqdori birinchi tug‘ishidagi tirik vazni 460 kg-gacha va 461-480 kg bo‘lgan
I va II tajriba guruhlardagi sigirlarnikidan tegishlicha 282,0 kg (P>0,95) va 134,9 kg, sut yog‘i
chiqimi 10,8 kg (P>0,99) va 4,4 kg, sut oqsil chiqimi 9,1 kg (P>0,999) va 4,4 kg, 4%-li sut
miqdori 243,6 kg (P>0,99) va 109,7 kg yuqori bo‘lganligi aniqlandi.
Shuningdek tadqiqotlarda sigirlarning ozuqani sut bilan qoplash darajasi sut
mahsuldorligiga bog‘liqligi va yuqori sut mahsuldorligiga ega III tajriba guruh sigirlari 1 kg
tabiiy yog‘lilikdagi sut ishlab chiqarish uchun I va II tajriba guruhlaridagi sigirlarga nisbatan
tegishlicha 0,04 ozuqa birligi yoki 3,9 foiz; va 0,02 ozuqa birligi yoki 1,9 foiz; 1 kg 4%-li sut
uchun esa 1,05 ozuqa birligi sarfladi va tengqurlariga nisbatan 0,04 ozuqa birligi yoki 3,8 foiz;
0,02 ozuqa birligi yoki 1,9 foiz kam sarfladi.
Kalit so‘zlar: zot, golshtin, sigir, sut ,ozuqa,poda, tirik vazn,
Relevance of the topic.
To increase the production of livestock products in our republic,
it is of great practical importance to fully use the genetic potential of breeds in terms of
productivity, to increase it, to strengthen the feed base, to create productive herds of cows, and
to improve breeding work. In increasing the efficiency of milk production, the degree of food
consumption of cows is of particular practical importance and shows the efficiency of using
cows in a dairy herd. Studying the level of milk productivity of cows with different live weights
and evaluating the parameters of feeding with milk is considered one of the most important
tasks. The study of this index of the productivity of cows in relation to the live weight at the
first calving is also of great scientific and practical importance.
Research location and methods.
The researches were conducted in cows of this breed in
the first lactation in the herd of Holstein cattle of the breeding farm "K-Eldor" in Pastdargom
district of Samarkand region. 15 cows with a live weight of 460 kg at the first calving were
selected for experimental group I, 461-480 kg for experimental group II, and 481 kg and higher
live weight for experimental group III. The amount of milk, fat in milk, live weight and
physiological condition of the cows was organized taking into account the type of feeding of the
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cows. Productivity indicators of cows during lactation were studied by methods generally
accepted in zootechnics.
Research results.
Table 1 shows the milk yield of cows in the first lactation.
Table 1
Milk yield of lactating cows in experimental groups I - (n=15)
Indicators
Groups
I
II
III
X±Sx
C
v
,%
X±Sx
C
v
,%
X±Sx
C
v
,%
Milk quantity, kg
4283,6±72,0 6,29 4430,7±75,3 6,36 4565,6±107,1* 8,78
Fat in milk, %
3,94±0,035 3,29 3,93±0,026 2,44
3,91±0,03
2,67
Milk fat yield, kg
168,7±2,03 4,52 174,1±2,17 4,68
178,5±3,11**
6,52
Protein in milk, %
3,56±0,02
2,1
3,55±0,02
3,16
3,54±0,01
1,05
Milk protein yield, kg
152,5±1,78 4,36 157,3±1,94 4,61 161,6±1,14*** 2,64
Amount of 4% milk, kg 4219,3±49,5 4,40 4353,2±54,5 4,69
4462,9±77,7** 6,53
Live weight, kg
450,3±4,69 3,90 470,1±1,82 5,47
489,7±2,25
1,72
Dry matter, %
12,45
12,44
12,41
Skimmed dry milk residue,
%
8,67
8,67
8,66
Milk sugar, %
4,51
4,51
4,50
Note: *(P>0.9 5 )
**(P>0.99) * **(P>0.9 9 9)
The analysis of the data in Table 1 shows that the level of milk productivity of Holstein
cows is organically dependent on the live weight at the first calving. In our research, the amount
of milk in the first lactation of cows in experimental groups III with a live weight at first calving
above 481 kg was 282, 282, 0 kg (P>0.95) and 134.9 kg, milk fat yield 10.8 kg (P>0.99) and 4.4
kg, milk protein yield 9.1 kg (P>0.999) and 4.4 kg, 4% milk was found to be 243.6 kg (P>0.99)
and 109.7 kg higher .
When evaluating the effectiveness of using cows in a dairy herd, their feed coverage with
milk has a special place. We studied the degree of milk consumption of cows in lactation I in
experimental groups (Table 2).
Table 2
I - consumption the feed of cows with milk products during lactation
characteristics (n=15)
Indicators
Groups
I
II
III
Every 1 head of lactating cow spent food unit, kg
4584,4
4652,2
4702,6
Amount of milk, kg
4283,6
4430,7
4565,6
4% - milk quantity, kg
4219,3
4353,2
4462,9
1 kg natural to milk production spent feed unit, kg
1,07
1,05
1,03
Used for 1 kg of 4% milk food unit, kg
1,09
1,07
1,05
Every 100 feeds to the unit work released:
natural in fat milk , kg
93,44
93,57
97,09
4% - milk, kg
92,04
93,57
94,90
Cows of experimental group III with high milk productivity used 1.03 feed units to
produce 1 kg of natural milk in lactation I and 0.04 feed units or 3.9 percent compared to cows
in experimental groups I and II; and 0.02 feed units or 1.9 percent; 1 kg of 4% milk consumed
1.05 feed units and 0.04 feed units or 3.8 percent compared to the equivalent price; consumed
0.02 feed units or 1.9 percent less but produced 97.09 kg of milk per 100 feed units and 3.65 kg
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or 3.75 percent and 3.52 kg of cows in experimental groups I and II respectively or 3.62
percent; they produced a lot of milk.
Conclusion.
In the conditions of the Zarafshan oasis, the milk yield of Holstein cows
depends on the live weight at the first calving. Cows with a live weight of 481 kg and above at
first calving had a high milk yield and their milk volume in the first lactation was 460 kg, which
was 282.0 and 134.9 kg higher than that of cows with a live weight of 461–480 kg, respectively.
it has been. All the cows in the experimental groups showed good consumption of the feed with
milk products. Cows in experimental group III were superior to cows in experimental groups I
and II in all parameters in lactation I. For example, cows in experimental group III produced
97.09 kg of milk per 100 feed units, respectively, and cows in experimental groups I and II
produced 3.65 kg or 3.75 percent and 3.52 kg or 3.62 percent, respectively; they produced a lot
of milk.
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