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EFFECTIVE TEACHING METHODS IN TEACHING ENGLISH IN SCHOOLS
Manazarova Sevara Akbarjon qizi
Teacher of Fergana City 33
–
Secondary Education School.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16904126
Abstract.
This article examines in detail the most effective teaching methods for teaching
English in schools. The article analyzes strategies such as Communicative Language Teaching
(CLT), Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT), Content and Language Integrated Learning
(CLIL), and Total Physical Response (TPR). The application of these methods in school settings,
their advantages, disadvantages, and practical examples are provided. The goal is to help
develop students' language skills by presenting innovative and effective approaches to teachers
in teaching English. The article is based on scientific sources and provides practical
recommendations for school teachers.
Keywords:
English language teaching, effective methods, school education,
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT), Content
and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), Total Physical Response (TPR), Direct Method,
Grammar-Translation Method, Audiolingualism, The Silent Way, student-centered teaching,
interactive strategies, technology integration, game-based teaching.
Introduction.
In the modern world, English holds great importance as a global
communication tool. Teaching English in schools plays a crucial role in students' future
professional and personal development. However, traditional teaching methods often lead to a
loss of students' interest and ineffective development of language skills. Therefore, it is
necessary to apply the most effective teaching methods. This article reviews innovative strategies
used in school settings, aimed at developing students' speaking, listening, reading, and writing
skills. The methods are based on scientific research and practical experience, providing
flexibility for teachers.
1.
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) Communicative Language Teaching is
considered one of the most popular and effective methods in teaching English. The main
principle of this method is to develop students' ability to communicate in real-life situations,
focusing on conversation rather than grammar rules. The teacher gives students authentic tasks,
such as debating about friendship or placing an order in a restaurant.
Application in school settings: Role-playing, group discussions, and authentic materials
(newspapers, videos) are used in lessons. The teacher acts as a facilitator, correcting students'
mistakes only when necessary. Advantages: Enhances students' speaking and listening skills,
increases motivation, and prepares them for real life. Disadvantages: Grammar may be weak, so
additional exercises are needed. Example: Middle school students work in groups on the topic
"Planning a Trip," conversing in English and using maps and photographs. This method is
widely used in schools because it maintains students' interest and teaches the language through
practice.
2.
Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) The TBLT method is based on students learning
the language by completing interesting tasks. The lesson consists of three stages: pre-task
preparation, task execution, and post-task analysis. Students conduct research on a topic, prepare
a presentation, or solve a problem.
Application in school: The teacher assigns students a project on "Environmental
Problems," where they work in groups and write a report in English.
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Advantages: Increases students' independence, boosts motivation, and teaches practical
language use. Disadvantages: Time-consuming and may be difficult for beginners. Example: In
elementary school, students complete the task "Presentation on Favorite Animal," gathering
information in English and presenting it in front of the class. This method is effective in teaching
English because students use the language purposefully.
3.
Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) The CLIL method is based on
teaching English through other subjects (e.g., biology or history). Language teaching is linked to
subject content, with students conducting subject lessons in English.
Application in school: In a biology lesson, students present information about plants in
English. Advantages: Develops both subject knowledge and language skills, increases
motivation. Disadvantages: The teacher must have dual qualifications. Example: In middle
school, a project on "Historical Figures" is developed in English, where students write articles
and discuss them. This method is ideal for integrated education in schools.
4.
Total Physical Response (TPR) The TPR method is based on students learning the
language by physically responding to commands. The teacher gives a command, and students
perform the action (e.g., jumping when told "Jump").
Application in school: Used in primary grades to teach words, such as colors or actions.
Advantages: Maintains students' attention, develops kinesthetic learning, suitable for
beginners.
Disadvantages: Limited for higher levels. Example: Students stand up in response to the
command "Stand up" and repeat it in English. This method is very effective for young students.
5.
Direct Method
The Direct Method is based on teaching English only in English, abandoning translation.
Students acquire the language naturally.
Application in school: Lessons are conducted only in English, using gestures and context.
Advantages: Creates immersion, develops speaking. Disadvantages: Difficult for
beginners. Example: The teacher points to an object, says its name, and students repeat.
6.
Grammar-Translation Method
This method is based on learning grammar rules and translation, focusing on vocabulary
and grammar exercises.
Application in school: Used in higher grades for exam preparation.
Advantages: Develops writing and reading skills. Disadvantages: Speaking is weak.
Example: Students translate an English text into Uzbek.
7.
Audiolingualism
The method is based on listening and speaking, with students repeating after the teacher.
Application in school: Used in language labs. Advantages: Improves pronunciation.
Disadvantages: Can be monotonous. Example: Students repeat phrases.
8.
The Silent Way
The teacher remains silent, encouraging students to discover independently, using
gestures and props.
Application in school: Students discover the language themselves. Advantages: Increases
independence. Disadvantages: Difficult for the teacher. Example: Teaching words using colored
rods.
9.
Student-Centered and Interactive Methods The student-centered method is based on
students' interests, while interactive methods include discussions and pair work.
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Application in school: Games and projects in lessons. Advantages: Increases interest.
Example: "Think-pair-share" technique.
10.
Technology Integration and Game-Based Teaching Technology (videos, podcasts) and
games make English interesting.
Application in school: Virtual tours and gamification. Advantages: Boosts motivation.
Example: Learning vocabulary through Prodigy games.
Conclusion
The most effective methods for teaching English in schools should be adapted to students'
needs. Methods like CLT, TBLT, and TPR teach the language through practice, while
technology and games increase motivation. Teachers can use an eclectic approach, combining
various methods. As a result, students' language skills improve, and education becomes effective.
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