ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 4 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
28
THE DISSIMILARITIES OF WORD FORMATION IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH
LANGUAGES
Saidova Zokiraxon Tolibovna
Teacher of Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute
Khusenova Rukshona Tuybaevna
Student of Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7799462
Abstract.
The creation of new words relates to the branches of linguistics namely lexicology
and morphology. Derivation is the constructing new terms in the process of word formation. The
purpose of this article is identifying the most common differences of word formation and derivation
words that is used in Uzbek and English languages. This study uses comparative typological
analysis and qualitative method.
Keywords
: derivation, compound nouns, morphology.
РАЗЛИЧИЯ СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЯ В УЗБЕКСКОМ И АНГЛИЙСКОМ
ЯЗЫКАХ
Аннотация.
Создание новых слов относится к разделам лингвистики, а именно к
лексикологии и морфологии. Деривация - это конструирование новых терминов в процессе
словообразования. Целью данной статьи является выявление наиболее распространенных
различий в словообразовании и деривации слов, которые используются в узбекском и
английском языках. В данном исследовании используется сравнительный типологический
анализ и качественный метод.
Ключевые слова:
деривация, составные существительные, морфология.
Introduction
The main branches of linguistics morphology led linguists to conduct research on word
formation. In the process of word formation, there are exploring some of the basic processes by
which new words are created such as derivation, prefixes and suffixes, etc. According to Yule the
process of word formation in creation of new English words, this process is called derivation.
Word formation is specifically formed words with the certain processes. According to Yule defines
word formation processes as a way of forming and creating new words from the use of old words.
It is stated that there many types of word formation processes. The process of word formation
created by adding affix or prefix. For example, of the addition prefix as like asleep for a+ sleep,
research forre+search, incorrect for in+correct. And the addition of the suffix as like importance
for import + ance, enrollment for enroll+ment, sadness for sad+ness. The result of this research
states that there are 3 common classifications of derivation in English and Uzbek languages.
1.
Adjective derivation
. Derived adjectives are even less common than derived verbs,
because adjectives are used more rarely than verbs, let alone nouns.e.g changeable from the word
change and able form of suffix.
Adjective + suffix
-ful (successful)
-iy (tarixiy, siyosiy)
-ary (elementary, secondary)
- li (kulguli , chiroyli)
-ant (important)
-siz (ma’nosiz,suvsiz )
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 4 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
29
-ive (interactive, attractive)
-don (bilimdon)
-al (critical, vocational)
-gi ( kuzgi, bahorgi)
-ly (orderly)
-chi (a’lochi)
-ed (skilled)
-kor (tejamkor)
-ical (technological)
-dor (hosildor, unumdor)
Adjective + affix
un (unchecked, unreliable, unforeseen)
-ser (sermazmun)
2.
Noun derivation.
Noun formed from the process of the formation of derivative, which
the result from noun will have different meaning of basic word e.g imagination from the word
imagine and nation form of suffix. Novelist from the word novel and ist form of suffix.
Noun +suffix
-ion (education, location, publication)
-lik (odamiylik, donolik, insonparvarlik)
-ity (responsibility, opportunity)
- zor (gulzor, daraxtzor)
-ian (politician)
-chi (ishchi, o’qituvchi)
-ism (humanism)
-xona (dorixona,sinfxona)
-ment(government)
-ish ( xoxish , farmoyish)
3.
Verb derivation
. Verb-deriving patterns are generally less numerous and diverse. Most
commonly, verbs are derived from other verbs e.g walked from the word walk and –ed of suffix.
Enclose from the word close and en form of prefix.
Verb+ suffix
-ed (offered, explained)
-gan (keksaygan, tayinlangan)
-ize (memorize)
-sh (emlash, qurulish)
-ing (fishing, shaping)
-v (saylov, yozuv)
The other integral part of word formation is compounding two nouns. By using more than
two morphemes we can create a new wordand make our sentences more colorful. Most compound
nouns are made with nouns that have been modified by adjectives.
Sun + rise
Gul+do’kon
Sun + shine
Gul+dasta
Sun+ day
Gul+tuvak
Sun+set
Gul+ko’ylak
The table shows how main component creates new wors as well as meanings. The first
column describes word formation and gives new definition which relates to the word “sun” in
English language. The second column shows relative words with “gul” (flower).
Conclusion
The given definitions cannot completely express the concept of word formation. Both
English and Uzbek language have their own style of formatting words. From analyses we can
conclude that noun derivation is mostly used in Uzbek language. As English learners we can face
with more English adjective derivations than verb derivations. The mentioned two spheres
(derivation and compounds) of word formation indicates people how to make sentences
effectively.
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 4 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
30
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