ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 5 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
483
ANALYSIS THE SUBSYSTEM OF LABIAL PHONEMES OF THE KARAKALPAK
LANGUAGE
Awezova Kamila
2-year Masters’ Degree Student, the Department of English Linguistics at
Karakalpak State University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7942561
Abstract
. This article is devoted to propose a scheme of a mandatory element of the model
of the inventory system of phonemes, representing one genus-types level of phonemic relations:
we can arrange the genus-types level in different ways. As an example, let’s analyze the subsystem
of labial phonemes of the Karakalpak language.
Keywords:
language,labiality, Karakalpak, generic, analyze, integrator, connection,
system, phonemes.
АНАЛИЗ ПОДСИСТЕМЫ ГУБНЫХ ФОНЕМ КАРАКАЛПАКСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Аннотация.
Данная статья посвящена предложению схемы обязательного
элемента модели инвентарной системы фонем, представляющей один родовидовый
уровень фонематических отношений: мы можем расположить родовидовый уровень по-
разному. В качестве примера проанализируем подсистему губных фонем каракалпакского
языка.
Ключевые слова:
язык, лабиальность, каракалпакский, родовой, анализ,
интегратор, связь, система, фонемы.
Introduction
Generic relationship according to the integrator 'LABIALITY'
[
b
] [
p
] [
m
] [
w
]
[
v
]
[
f
] –
'
labial
',
'erinlik', 'лабиальный'
Specific connections by integrators '
tense
', '
glide
', '
fricative
' or '
constrictive'
and
'flat'
Specific connection by integrator '
tense
' [
b
], [
p
]
+
Specific connection by integrator '
glide
' –
[
w
]
Specific connection by integrator '
constrictive'
– 'саңлақлы', 'щелинный'
– [
v
], [
f
] –
±
Specific connection by integrator '
flat
' –
[
m
]
After determining the structure of one generic level, other generic levels should be
established, covering the entire inventory of phonemes of this language.
How are the levels of genus-types relations located in the inventory system of phonemes?
Let's consider this question on the example of a level that unites phonemes by the connection
'consonance', which reveals itself when the entire inventory of phonemes of a given language is
considered, including both vowels and consonants
first form subsystems of phonemes according to the type relationship 'vocality', and
the second – according to the type relationship 'consonance'.
Consequently, the specific sublevel of the structure of the inventory system of phonemes of
the language consists of opposed subsystems of vowels and consonants.
Now let's consider subsystems in which the number of phonemes is more than two, but less
than the total number of phonemes in the
consonant
subsystem. The most numerous among the
subsystems of the front-lingual phonemes in Karakalpak is the subsystem of the
Constrictive
or
Fricative
or
Spirant
– 7 phonemes, with which we will begin. In addition to the formation of a
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 5 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
484
gap for their articulation, the size of this gap in width is important: whether the stricture area
forming the so-called areality is
narrow
, as in
whistling
, or
wide
, as in
sibilant
From this point of view, the types subsystem of the
Spirant
s coincides with the generic areal
system of phonemes united by the sign of areality, which consists of the types subsystems of
narrow-structured and wide-structured phonemes. Next comes the types subsystem of
fore-lingual
flat phonemes, coinciding with the generic subsystem that unites phonemes for which the
air duct
is important: whether it is oral or nasal.
Consequently, the specific subsystem of lingual
flat
phonemes coincides with the
air duct
generic system, which consists of the specific subsystems of orality and nasality.
When determining the location of subsystems, mini-systems and individual elements of the
system in our model, it is important to note two points:
First – only complete connections should be distinguished;
Second – it is necessary to take into account both paired and group relationships of elements
that are objectively present in reality.
The study of particular connections and oppositions between subsystems from broad to
narrow and their distribution by structural genus-tipes levels is carried out by sequentially
determining at each level the differentiator and its constituent oppositions, covering the largest
number of phonemes of a given language, and integrators for subsystems of lower levels.
Therefore, on the proposed universal scheme of the structure of the inventory phonological system
of the language, we distinguish all structural levels, indicating generic integrators and types
differentiators for each of them.
/
…
/ – the slash brackets denote the system,
/
+
/ – the private connection,
/
–
/ – the opposition,
/
::
/ – the correlation relation.
The correlation relation is optional from the point of view that it can be replaced by a generic
relationship;
( ) – therefore it is given in brackets.
/
↓↑
/ – the vertical arrows indicate the transition to the next hierarchical level;
/
→
/ – the horizontal arrows indicate the ratio of the differentiator and its constituent opposites.
We present the proposed scheme as follows:
In terms of its conceptual content, the proposed scheme is somewhat different from those
given by L.N. Cherkasov. In addition to the fact that the differentiators forming the structure are
exclusively contrarian, in his works the system of consonant phonemes is analyzed in several
stages –
subsystems of labial,
lingual advanced and
lingual extended phonemes.
The results of the analysis are presented in the form of several diagrams that clearly display
connections and oppositions, but not correlations, which are described separately [
Cherkasov
1995б: 285, 287, 290, 338, 340
].
Conclusion
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 5 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
485
In our work, the structure is presented in its entirety, and the correlations are marked clearly, which
greatly facilitates the perception of the overall picture of the result of the study of the relations of
the inventory phonological system of the language.
REFERENCES
1.
Abatbay Dauletov “Ha’zirgi qaraqalpaq tili. Fonetika”.No’kis,2005.
2.
Баскаков Н.А “Введение в изучение тюркских языков”. 2-изд. Мб 1969.
3.
3.Karl Heinrich Menges “Qaraqalpaq grammar”. King’s Crown Press, 1947.
4.
Abdinazimov Sh, N, Pirniyazova A.Q, Shinnazarova S.J. “Ha’zirgi qaraqalpaq a’debiy tili
. Fonetika, leksikologiya”. Tashkent, 2018.
5.
Ганиева, М. ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИЕ ВЗГЛЯДЫ АБДУРАУФА ФИТРАТА. С¤З
САНЪАТИ ЖУРНАЛИ JOURNAL OF WORD ART ЖУРНАЛ ИСКУССТВО
СЛОВА, 12
