Innovation Prосеss As The Main Factor Of Economic Dеvеlоpment
Bazarbaeva Umida
Tashkent University of Applied Sciences, Gavhar Str. 1, Tashkent 100149, Uzbekistan
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10467710
Key words:
analysis, innovation, innovation prосеsses, factors, education, scientific and technological progress,
entrepreneurship, investments, incentives, budget, taxes, macroeconomic indicators
Abstract:
The article examines innovative Dеvеlоpment prосеsses in the economy. The features and specifics of the
Dеvеlоpment of innovation prосеsses in Uzbekistan are considered. An analysis of the scientific
approaches of leading economists on the Dеvеlоpment of innovative prосеsses, factors contributing to the
innovative Dеvеlоpment of the economy, are scientific and technological progress, government support
and entrepreneurial activity.
1 INTRODUCTION
In Uzbekistan, effective measures have been taken to
reform the national economy. These measures include
liberalizing foreign trade, tax, and financial policies,
supporting entrepreneurship, and guaranteeing the
protection of private property. Additionally, efforts
have been made to promote deep prосеssing of
agricultural products and accelerate the Dеvеlоpment
of regions. The implementation of these reforms is
guided by the "Dеvеlоpment Strategy of the New
Uzbekistan for 2022-2026" which aims to achieve
sustainable economic growth and macroeconomic
stability [1].
The strategy emphasizes the wide adoption of
innovations in the economy and the Dеvеlоpment of
cooperative ties between industrial enterprises and
scientific institutions. One of its main goals is to
promote the adoption of innovative production
technologies in regions transformed into innovation
zones. These zones aim to produce high-quality
products that are up to 50% cheaper than existing
alternatives, with added value two to three times
higher than the cost of raw materials. As part of this
initiative, 195 projects with a total value of 165.9
billion Uzbekistani som have been implemented [1].
It is important to note that the information provided is
based on search results and may not be comprehensive
or up-to-date. For more accurate and detailed
information, it is recommended to refer to official
sources or recent reports on Uzbekistan's economic
reforms. The direction mentioned is to improve the
position of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the Global
Innovation Index and be included in the top 50
countries by 2030 [1].
Previously, Uzbekistan ranked 93rd in the Global
Innovation
Index,
which
was
a
significant
achievement for the country [2].
The goal of the Innovation Dеvеlоpment Strategy of
Uzbekistan is to reach the top 50 countries in the
Global Innovation Index by 2030 [2].However, I
couldn't find specific information about the current
position of Uzbekistan in the Global Innovation Index
and the efforts made to improve its position.For more
accurate and up-to-date information on Uzbekistan's
position in the Global Innovation Index and the
measures taken to improve it, it is recommended to
refer to official sources or recent reports on
Uzbekistan's innovation Dеvеlоpment.
The direction mentioned aims to create broad
opportunities in all areas for the implementation of
innovative projects and the introduction of modern
mechanisms to support rеsаrсh and innovation. In
2022, Uzbekistan ranked 10th among countries with
below-average income and 3rd among countries in
Central and South Asia, following Iran and India.
Uzbekistan holds leading positions in Central and
South Asia in indices such as institutions, human
capital and rеsаrсh, infrastructure, and the level of
Dеvеlоpment of the domestic market [1]. According to
the rankings, Uzbekistan demonstrates strong
performance at the global level in indicators such as
"Number of graduates in science and technology" - 6th
place, "Gross accumulation of fixed capital" - 6th
place, "Labor productivity growth" - 7th place,
"Entrepreneurship support policy" - 22nd place, and
"Cluster Dеvеlоpment" - 27th place [1].
It is worth noting the significance and goal of
innovation Dеvеlоpment indicated by the indicator
"Number of graduates in science and technology,"
which is closely related to the higher education
system. As a result, a new type of university has
emerged - the innovation university, whose activities
are aimed at creating innovations that significantly
impact the state of education, science, economy, and
social sphere of the country and regions. However, for
more detailed information on the essence and purpose
of innovation Dеvеlоpment and the specific measures
taken to improve indicators, it is recommended to refer
to official sources or reports on innovation
Dеvеlоpment in Uzbekistan.
In the context of economic transformations, special
attention is given to innovative Dеvеlоpment
prосеsses. This is justified by the transition to global
standards and an innovative type of economic
Dеvеlоpment in all sectors and so on. This implies
promoting the implementation of new relevant
innovative approaches for social and economic
Dеvеlоpment in all areas of activity, widespread
adoption and application of new advancements in
modern technologies, continuous renewal of the
Dеvеlоpment prосеss, as well as the accelerated
emergence of new needs and the emergence of new
economic prосеsses.
Translation:
In
the
context
of
economic
transformations, particular emphasis is placed on
innovative Dеvеlоpment prосеsses. This is justified by
the transition to global standards and an innovative
type of economic Dеvеlоpment in all sectors and so
on. This involves facilitating the implementation of
new and relevant innovative approaches for social and
economic Dеvеlоpment in all areas of activity,
widespread adoption and application of new
advancements in modern technologies, continuous
renewal of the Dеvеlоpment prосеss, as well as the
rapid emergence of new needs and the emergence of
new economic prосеsses.
According to Salnikov T.S. and Mezyakov Yu.A., the
following types of prосеsses are typically included in
the sphere of innovative activity at enterprises in
relation to the Dеvеlоpment of production cycles:
•
Prосеsses of mastering new types of
products, as well as prосеsses of qualitative
renewal of already produced products.
•
Prосеsses of mastering new methods of
production and distribution of the product.
•
Prосеsses of entering new markets.
•
Prосеsses of mastering new sources of supply
of production factors.
•
Prосеsses of mastering new forms of working
with personnel.
•
Prосеsses of mastering new management
methods.
•
Prосеsses of Dеvеlоping new organizational
management structures.
•
Prосеsses of implementing new strategic
orientations in the enterprise's activities.
•
Prосеsses of mastering new sources and
technologies
for
obtaining
financial
resources.
•
Prосеsses of implementing new technologies
for accounting and utilization of financial
resources.
•
Prосеsses of implementing new technologies
for interacting with enterprise counterparts.
Translation: According to Salnikov T.S. and
Mezyakov Yu.A., the following types of prосеsses are
typically included in the sphere of innovative activity
at enterprises in relation to the Dеvеlоpment of
production cycles:
Prосеsses of mastering new types of products and
qualitatively updating existing products.
Prосеsses of mastering new methods of production
and distribution.
Prосеsses of entering new markets.
Prосеsses of mastering new sources of production
factors.
Prосеsses of mastering new forms of working with
personnel.
Prосеsses of mastering new management methods.
Prосеsses of Dеvеlоping new organizational
management structures.
Prосеsses of implementing new strategic orientations
in enterprise activities.
Prосеsses of mastering new sources and technologies
for obtaining financial resources.
Prосеsses of implementing new technologies for
accounting and utilizing financial resources.
Prосеsses of implementing new technologies for
interacting with enterprise counterparts
Based on the aforementioned opinions, we want to
emphasize the prосеss of innovation Dеvеlоpment in
education as one of the key aspects of innovative
economic Dеvеlоpment.
According to M.S. Ashurov, a candidate of economic
sciences, "Universities play a central role in
innovation Dеvеlоpment. They conduct fundamental
scientific rеsаrсh, educate specialists, provide
conditions for scientific collaboration and exchange,
and contribute to the emergence of new companies.
Countries that provide state funding for fundamental
rеsаrсh and natural science education generally excel
in scientific innovations" [5].
Regarding innovation Dеvеlоpment in education, L.I.
Mironova, a doctor of pedagogical sciences, notes that
"the education system in an innovative university is
open to modern scientific rеsаrсh and the modern
economy. The curriculum of an innovative university
includes modern forms of education such as project
Dеvеlоpment, training, internships in production and
rеsаrсh organizations. The technological equipment of
the educational prосеss in an innovative university
corresponds to the level of advanced science" [3, 146].
According to A.A. Grechenko, the foundation of an
innovative university is based on innovations aimed at
creating an innovative institutional structure that is
competitive
and
financially
effective.
These
innovations focus on high-quality educational
programs and active interaction with external and
internal partners [4]
When analyzing the Dеvеlоpment of innovation
prосеsses in educational institutions, we should pay
special attention to the following points aimed at
achieving its goal:
Creating an innovative institutional structure
Dеvеlоping high-quality educational programs
Active interaction with external and internal partners
Translation: When analyzing the Dеvеlоpment of
innovation prосеsses in educational institutions, we
must pay special attention to the following points
aimed at achieving its goal:
Creating an innovative institutional structure
Dеvеlоping high-quality educational programs
Active interaction with external and internal partners
The prосеsses that are typically included in the sphere
of innovative activity in education for qualitative
Dеvеlоpment of specialists who meet national and
international education requirements are:
Prосеsses of mastering new approaches and methods
Prосеsses of mastering new labor markets for future
employment of specialists
Prосеsses of mastering new sources of material and
technical base for Dеvеlоpment
Prосеsses of mastering new forms and approaches to
working with the preparation of pedagogical personnel
Prосеsses of mastering new management methods
Prосеsses of Dеvеlоping new organizational
management structures
Prосеsses of implementing new strategic approaches
for qualitative Dеvеlоpment in the educational prосеss
Prосеsses of mastering new sources and technologies
for obtaining financial resources
Prосеsses of implementing new technologies and
approaches to linking theory and practice to improve
knowledge and skills
Prосеsses of implementing new technologies for
interacting
with
counterparts
in
educational
institutions[5]
To create an educational hub in the country. The basis
for achieving this task is the adaptation of the science
sphere to modern economic conditions, which should
lead to fundamental changes in its structural,
organizational, personnel, and financial support for its
Dеvеlоpment. However, there are also several
obstacles on the path of innovative Dеvеlоpment in
education that hinder the achievement of strategic
goals. The resonance of events is a natural prосеss
based on which the reasons that prevent the
achievement of strategic goals are identified. These
include lack of funding, weak legal regulation, and a
shortage of specialists. To ensure successful
innovation Dеvеlоpment, it is necessary to provide
access to funding, create conditions for the protection
of intellectual property, and attract highly qualified
specialists.
Innovative Dеvеlоpment of the economy is a complex
and long-term prосеss that requires a comprehensive
approach and cooperation between the state, business,
and scientific community. However, innovations are
the driving force of economic progress and social
Dеvеlоpment, and therefore investments and efforts
aimed at their Dеvеlоpment will be justified in the
future.
Based on the above-mentioned points, the prосеsses of
innovative Dеvеlоpment in education can include the
following stages:
Identification of the problem or need: This stage
involves analyzing the current state of the educational
system and identifying problems that need to be solved
or needs that need to be met.[6]
Rеsаrсh and Dеvеlоpment: At this stage, new
approaches and teaching methods are rеsаrсhed and
Dеvеlоped, as well as innovative educational
technologies and resources.Testing: New approaches
and teaching methods are tested on a small scale, for
example, in individual universities or industries.
Possible problems and difficulties are identified and
corrected during testing.Implementation and scaling:
Successfully tested innovations are implemented on a
wider scale in the education system, for example, in
other schools or regions. An important stage is
preparing teachers to work with new methods and
technologies.
CONCLUSIONS
Evaluation and analysis of results: During the
implementation of innovations, their impact on the
quality of education is evaluated and analyzed. The
results help determine how successful the innovative
changes have been and whether they need further
Dеvеlоpment
or
correction.Stabilization
and
strengthening: After successful implementation of
innovations, they are stabilized and strengthened in the
education system. This includes support and updating
of innovative methods and technologies, as well as the
Dеvеlоpment of teachers' professional competence.In
conclusion, innovative Dеvеlоpment in education is
the prосеss of creating and implementing new
approaches, methods, and technologies in the field of
education with the aim of improving the quality of
learning and achieving better educational outcomes.
REFERENCES
[1] "Strategy for the Dеvеlоpment of New Uzbekistan
for 2022-2026" Presidential Decree of the Republic of
Uzbekistan dated January 28, 2022, No. UP-60.
[2] Uzbekistan rises 4 positions in the Global
Innovation Index. Retrieved from: [link]
[3] Mironova, L.I. Necessary conditions for the
effective functioning of an innovative university.
Izvestiya of the Ural State Economic University, 2010,
No. 3(29), pp. 146-153.Gretchenko,
[4] A.A. Problems of innovative activity in
universities. Vestnik of the Russian Economic
Academy named after G.V. Plekhanov, 2019, No. 6,
pp. 3-9.
[5] Features and priority directions of innovation
prосеsses Dеvеlоpment in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Bulletin of Science and Practice, Vol. 7, No. 12, 2021.
Retrieved from: [link]
[6] Salmikova, T.S., Mezyakov, Yu.A. Innovative
prосеsses in the modern economy: history, current
state, and prospects for innovative Dеvеlоpment of
society (collection of articles).
