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writing. After all, "self-awareness begins with knowing history." Let us be
worthy children of our independent Uzbekistan, take advantage of the
opportunities created for us and raise the flag of our Motherland. If he can't
do it, let's just be good people. My dear peers never read
Let's not stop researching. As the great philosopher Denis Diderot put
it, "As soon as people stop reading, they stop thinking."
References:
1. Nargiza Erkaboyeva “Collection of lectures on modern Uzbek literary
language” “Tashkent” - 2017
2. Internet information.
3. Jumaniyov R., Old Uzbek writing, T., 1989.
4. Madrim Hamrayev “Collection of lectures on modern Uzbek literary
language” 2016
5. Ziyonet.uz
A.K.Ganiev, D.S.Ergashova, D.I.Murodov, Tashkent State Agrarian
University
IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
AND GROWTH OF HELICHRYSUM MARACANDICUM M.POP
A.K.Ganiev, D.S.Ergashova, D.I.Murodov
Abstract: In recent years, as a priority in the development of the
pharmaceutical industry in our country, special attention is paid to herbal
medicines. In this regard, a number of government decisions have been
made on the rational use of natural resources, the establishment of
plantations on farms and forests for the cultivation of medicinal plants, and
the processing of raw materials. In particular, the Resolution of the
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated April 10, 2020 "On measures
for the protection, cultivation, processing and rational use of available
resources of wild medicinal plants" PP-4670- Resolution No. has had a
significant impact on the development of this sector as a new legal
framework. In order to create a favorable environment for further
development of cultivation and processing of medicinal plants, increase the
export potential of the industry, as well as the integration of educational,
scientific and production processes, the list of regions specializing in the
cultivation of medicinal plants is attached. confirmed. In the 37th place in
the list from the seeds of Samarkand booze (Helichrysum maracandicum
M.Pop.) Jizzakh as a conditionally irrigated (mesophyte) plant, suitable for
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light soils, foothills and plains. , Cultivation in all irrigated areas of
Samarkand region (1). However, so far the scientific research on the
cultivation of Samarkand sagebrush has not yielded positive results, and the
solution of this problem is the purpose of our scientific research.
Keywords: medicinal plant, Samarkand orchard, pharmaceuticals, liver
diseases, medicine
Helichrysum maracandicum Popov ex Kirp. Helichrysum Mill.
Asteraceae family Helichrysum Mill. There are more than 500 species on
Earth. There are 16 species (2) in the CIS, 12 species in Central Asia (3), 4 in
the flora of Uzbekistan - Helichrysum arenarium Moench., Helichrysum
maracandicum Popov ex Kirp., Helichrysum mussae Nevski., Helichrysum
nuratavicum Krasch. species occur.
Samarkand sagebrush is a plant that grows only in Central Asia, in the
middle and lower part of the mountains in the mountainous areas of
Tashkent, Samarkand, Fergana, Andijan and Surkhandarya regions of
Uzbekistan. alli and grows on soft fine-grained slopes (4).
Samarkand sagebrush is a perennial herbaceous plant, reaching 20-70
cm in height, forming several erect vegetative stems (2-10). The leaves at
the base and at the base of the stem are elongated, inverted ovate, flat-edged,
tapered towards the band. The leaves in the middle and upper part of the
stem are bandless, elongated lanceolate, straight-edged, bluntly pointed.
The stems are arranged in a series of leaves, the third part of the leaf is
sharpened. The entire surface of the plant is covered with white hairs. The
baskets are lemon-yellow, hemispherical or spherical at the time of
flowering, 8-10 mm in diameter, the petals are 0.6 mm long, 0.1 mm wide,
and orange. The fruit is a longer and more volatile pistachio. It has a
prismatic shape, brown sometimes black, and weighs 0.08 g per 1000 grains.
will come. It flowers in June-July and ripens in July-August. From one plant
bush to 3-4 young shoots are formed. Plants reproduce in nature mainly
through seeds and rootstocks. Another important feature is that when the
generative branch is naturally affected by an external factor, such as when
the upper part is broken, an additional generative branch is formed and
blooms from there (6).
To prepare the product, the thyroid inflorescences are now cut with a 1
cm stem when they start to bloom, then they are cut into pieces and dried in
the shade (so that they do not change color). The dried product is stored in
a dark place. The finished product consists of a single basket (bouquet) of
several. The basket is spherical, the leaves are curly, dry, blunt-pointed, and
painted lemon. All flowers are tubular, yellow, triangular. The flowers at the
edges of the basket are unisexual (mother flowers), and in the middle are
bisexual, the flowers are hairless.
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The petals are hairy, the petals are five-toothed, with golden glands at
the top, the paternal 5, and the maternal node one-sided, downward. The
product has a weak pleasant aroma and a pleasant, sharp-bitter taste. The
product should not have baskets and long stalks that have not opened
flowers (collected before flowering) or flowers that have fallen (collected
after flowering) (7).
According to the requirements of FM 42 Oz-0010, the moisture content
of the product is 10%, total ash 7%, stem bouquets longer than 1 cm in
length 5%, the rest of the basket (flower arrangement and packaging leaves)
5%, fine particles passing through a sieve with a hole diameter of 2 mm
should not exceed 5%, organic compounds 0.5% and mineral compounds
0.5%. The total amount of flavonoids in the product should not be less than
5% when calculated by salipurposide (8).
The flowers of the plant are approved by the Ministry of Health of the
Republic of Uzbekistan for use in medical practice in the treatment of
diseases of the liver and gallbladder, as part of the Khojimatov collection (9).
Flaminum (Flaminum), a plant-derived bile extract №2, dry extract
(Extractlim florum Helichrysi arenarii siccum) in granular form and a
combination of flavonoids, has been used in Russia for many years (10).
If we focus on another task set out in the resolution, it is to meet the
domestic market demand for medicinal plants and their products and to
achieve their export. However, today 4 cardboard companies (Kordomon
Humo, Navoi Dori-Darmon, Asel and Soqoq Gilosi) sell cardboard boxes.
While packing 30 and 50 g and delivering it to pharmacies, only “Soqoq
Gilosi” produces f / x boznoch flowers in 1.5 g filter-packages. These figures
are not sufficient to meet the needs of pharmacies, as the production of other
forms of the drug has not been established due to the lack of plant raw
materials (11, 12).
In order to create a favorable environment for further development of
cultivation and processing of medicinal plants, increase the export potential
of the industry, as well as the integration of education, science and
production processes, the Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Innovation
Development , Organization of cultivation, storage, primary or deep
processing clusters of medicinal plants on the basis of proposals of the State
Committee for Forestry, Pharmaceutical Industry Development Agencies
under the Ministry of Health, as well as the establishment of medicinal
plants in the regions It is planned to specialize in cultivation. Given the fact
that the natural resources of the Samarkand sagebrush are mainly forest
lands, it is clear that the study of methods of propagation of this plant is
urgent. This plant is included in the list of areas specializing in the
cultivation of the main types of medicinal plants. Task is assigned. It is
known that the natural resources of the Samarkand sagebrush are declining
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from year to year. In this regard, the resolution of the Academy of Sciences
of the Republic of Uzbekistan together with the Ministry of Innovative
Development An action plan for the introduction of mechanisms to organize
the production of drug substances on the basis of deep processing of wire
raw materials is being developed. Also, the Ministry of Health of the Republic
of Uzbekistan together with the Ministry of Innovative Development will
make changes to the relevant documents on the inclusion of medicinal
plants in the minimum standard prescriptions, depending on the properties
of drugs, as well as the prevention of adverse effects of chemicals on the
div. given the task. In fulfilling these tasks, there will be an increase in the
demand for raw materials for the Samarkand orchard, which means that the
need to establish plantations will become even more important. If the
decision is made, from June 1, 2020 in medical institutions, including family
clinics and rural (aul) medical centers, gradually in all ministries and
departments, Tashkent International Airport named after Islam Karimov
and local airports, all types of bus stations, railways. Given the fact that
phytobars will be established in railway stations, markets, sanatoriums and
other densely populated areas, and from the 2020/2021 academic year in
schools and higher education institutions, the need for this plant will
increase. it is inevitable that today’s production capacity will not be able to
cover it and a shortage of raw materials will occur.
Therefore, the resolution provides for the selection and breeding of
medicinal plants within the existing staff units at the Research Institute of
Botany of the Research and Production Center of Agriculture and Food
Supply under the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan. and
the Department of Agrotechnics was established, which was tasked with
conducting research on the cultivation of medicinal plants, their selection
and seed production, as well as the development of agrochemical
cartograms. It is important to conserve medicinal plants from natural
resources. In this regard, the decision of the State Committee for Ecology and
Environmental Protection of the Republic of Uzbekistan together with the
Academy of Sciences to strengthen the protection of endangered wild
medicinal plants, their cultural plantations, motherhood. the establishment
of chatzors is determined to take measures to restore the dead. From this
point of view, the development of technology for propagation and
cultivation of Samarkand sorghum in the local environment, determination
of seed germination in the laboratory and in the field, phytochemical
composition, quality indicators and issues such as determining the impact
of technology developed on productivity are the most pressing issues facing
us.
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References:
1. The order of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan from April
10, 2020 of No. PP-4670 "About measures for protection, cultivation,
processing and rational use of available resources of medicinal plants
growing in the wild" decision.
2. Tulaganov M., Yuldashev A. Common useful plants in Uzbekistan. -
Tashkent. 2011. - 3-92 p.
3. Flora of the USSR. –M. 1959. –T. XXV. –S. 404–431.
4. Opredelitel rasteniy Sredney Azii. –Tashkent, 1993. –T. X. - S. 464–
467.
5. Flora of Uzbekistan. - Tashkent, 1962. -. T. VI. –S. 78–81.
6. Xujanov A. N., Tojiboeva SH.SH. / Helichrysum maracandicum Popov
ex Kirp. Some features / Proceedings of the Republican scientific and
technical conference "The role of youth in the development of science and
education / The role of youth in the development of science and education"
(November 23, 2018). –Tashkent: FA of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 2018.
300-p. Tit. page in the language. 300-s. 67-68 b.
7. Xalmatov X.X.,
8. Pharmacopoeia article FM 42 O'z-0010 Samarkand wildflowers.
9. Encyclopedia of medicinal plants of Uzbekistan / Mukhamedjanov
N.Z., Azizov S.Z., Mukhamedjanova N.N. - Tashkent: «Uzbekistan», 2017. - С.
182-184.
10. Mashkovskiy Lekarstvennye sredstva
11. Register of medicines of Uzbekistan, 24 edition (19.02.2020).
12. Ibragimov AY, Ganiev AK, Abdurahmanova NA, Idriskhodjaev
U./Problems of supply of medicinal plant raw materials in Uzbekistan //
Journal of Pharmacy.-№3.-Tashkent.-2019.-13-17 p
