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The role of non-state educational institutions in the
development of primary education in Andijan, Namangan
and Fergana regions
Irodakhon BAZAROVA
1
Andijan State University
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received October 2024
Received in revised form
15 November 2024
Accepted 15 December 2024
Available online
25 January 2025
The article focuses on the reforms in the education system
that determine the development of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
It also highlights the emergence of private schools organized
based on social partnership in Andijan, Namangan and Fergana
regions.
2181-
1415/©
2024 in Science LLC.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol5-
This is an open access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru)
Keywords:
social partnership,
IT,
mental arithmetic,
robotics,
upbringing,
education,
private schools.
Andijon, Namangan va Farg‘ona viloyatlarida boshlang‘ich
ta’limni rivojlantirishda nodavlat ta’lim muassasalarining
o‘rni
ANNOTATSIYA
Kalit so‘zlar
:
ijtimoiy hamkorlik,
IT,
mental arifmetika,
robototexnika,
tarbiya,
ta’lim,
xususiy maktablar.
Maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasi taraqqiyotini belgilab
beruvchi ta’lim tizimidagi islohotlarga e’tibor qaratilgan. Unda
Andijon, Namangan va Farg‘ona viloyatlarida ijtimoiy sheriklik
asosida tashkil etilgan xususiy maktablar paydo bo‘lganligi ham
alohida ta’kidlangan.
1
PhD in History, Senior teacher, Andijan State University.
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Роль негосударственных образовательных учреждений
в развитии начального образования в Андижанской,
Наманганской и Ферганской областях
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
социальное партнерство,
IT, ментальная
арифметика,
робототехника,
воспитание,
образование,
частные школы.
В статье рассматриваются реформы в системе
образования,
определяющие
развитие
Республики
Узбекистан. Также освещается появление частных школ,
организованных на основе социального партнерства в
Андижанской, Наманганской и Ферганской областях.
INTRODUCTION
At the current stage of socio-economic development, great demands are being made
on all sectors of the education system. In his report to the enlarged meeting of the Cabinet
of Ministers, dedicated to the main results of the socio-economic development of our
country in 2016 and the most important priority areas of the economic program for 2017,
the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev emphasized the following: "It is
also extremely important to solve another problem: this is the professional level of the
teaching staff and teachers, their specialized knowledge. In this regard, it is necessary to
create an environment that actively supports the processes of obtaining education,
spiritual and educational maturity, and the formation of true values" [1].
In Uzbekistan, during the years of independence, new approaches, new ideas, and
innovations were introduced into the education system. In particular, the legal basis for
the activities of non-state educational institutions in primary education was created, and
the development of public-private partnerships in the field of education and the activities
of private schools were strengthened by law. In addition, the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan Sh.M. In Mirziyoyev's 2020 address to the Oliy Majlis, special attention was
paid to the following in terms of accelerating the establishment of private schools and
increasing their number: "In 2020, 36 new schools will be built and 211 will be renovated
from the 1.7 trillion soums allocated from the budget. In addition, 55 private schools will
be established, bringing their number to 141" [2]. By 2023, the number of private schools
had reached 194 [3]. The information provided also shows that the coordination and
development of the activities of non-state educational institutions has recently been
elevated to the level of state policy.
RESEARCH METHODS
The activity of non-state educational institutions began in Andijan and Fergana
regions in 2004. In the same year, one private educational institution was opened in the
cities of Andijan and Kokand. They provided education to primary school students
together with students of preschool educatio
nal institutions. The “Navroz Bolajon” non
-
state preschool educational institution in Andijan was established on February 19, 2004.
Its director was Kadyrova Muhabbat Khamidovna, and children were educated here up to
grade 4. Most importantly, it has become a tradition for the school to provide in-depth
English language instruction to students starting at the age of 3. In addition, it was
determined that students will be taught in depth the subjects of IT, robotics, mental
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arithmetic, and computer programming. The State Testing Center under the Cabinet of
Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan issued an appropriate license for primary
education to this educational institution. Separate teachers have been established in this
educational institution for each subject. The institution has established partnerships with
foreign countries, and regular exchange of experience has been carried out with
countries such as South Korea, Finland, Thailand, Russia, Singapore, and the Republic of
Belarus, which have achieved significant achievements in the field of education and
pedagogy [4].
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Since October 19, 2004, the “Mother
-
Child” non
-state preschool educational
institution has been operating in the city of Kokand, the ancient center of crafts in the
valley. This educational institution was named “Mother
-
Child” because it has a gym,
massage rooms, sauna, and swimming pool not only for children but also for mothers.
Initially operating as a preschool educational institution, the founder and director of this
school was Sulaymanova Makhlio Abbasovna, and three years later, in 2007, this
institution was transformed into a private school, and as a result, the number of classes
in it also increased significantly [5]. However, the need for continuity of education of
children was taken into account here, and the activity of the preschool educational
institution was also preserved. This school has 2 primary classes, and according to the
requirements of the educational institution, each class is designed for 22 students. One of
the classes is intended for students studying in Russian. Today, 40 teachers and
educators work regularly in the modern educational institution. To continuously improve
the experience and skills of teachers and keep them informed about new pedagogical
technologies, the administration has established that they will undergo professional
development once every three years [5. P. 57].
In November 2019, the school principal traveled to Moscow to study modern
practices in the primary education system, where he attended a special fair and seminar-
training on "Essential Technologies and Innovations for the Quality of Education." At this
fair, the future tasks of the education system, especially the primary education system,
the effectiveness of the use of new technologies in education, as well as problems in the
field were discussed in detail with the help of relevant circles. After that, the participants
visited the existing state and private schools in the city, and the differences in both types
of schools and the available local opportunities were studied accordingly. After the visit
to the Russian Federation came to an end, the head of the school, M. Sulaymanova,
organized a trip to Minsk to study the experience of primary schools in the Republic of
Belarus. The school principal was able to sample the main aspects of teaching subjects
taught in public and private schools in the area, in particular, anatomy, robotics, science,
and computer classes.
On May 17, 2010, another non-state educati
onal institution named “Iqtidor
Intellect Ziyo” was opened in the city of Kokand and was granted a license by the State
Testing Center under the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 5 years of
operation. The director of this school is G. Khojiboyeva, and the institution was able to
obtain a license for the second time on May 11, 2015 [6].
It should be noted that until April 1, 2018, the issuance of licenses for the activities
of private schools was carried out following the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of
the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 100 dated March 1, 2004 “On Approval of the Regulation
on Licensing the Activities of Non-
State Educational Institutions”. This resolution [7.
P.
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13.] It is emphasized that the third licensing of private schools was established
indefinitely. The procedure for licensing this type of school is now established following
the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 241 of March
2018.
Taking into account modern methods in t
he field of education, the “Iqtidor Intellect
Ziyo” educational institution successfully passed state attestation and accreditation on
June 29, 2016, and received the corresponding certificate. After that, it was granted the
right to issue the corresponding certificate, that is, it gained the authority to provide
general secondary education. The head of the educational institution visited several
foreign countries and studied the activities of private schools in detail. The head of the
school was able to study the relevant Regulations on the activities of private schools in
foreign countries in detail and made extensive use of them in creating the Regulations for
his institution [6. P. 59].
In subsequent years, granting a certain degree of freedom to the activities of non-
state educational institutions and supporting them in every way has risen to the level of
state policy. The legal consolidation of these processes was further accelerated after the
adoption of Resolution No. 3276 of the President of the Repu
blic of Uzbekistan “On
measures to further develop the activities of non-
state educational services” [9. P. 47] on
September 15, 2017. By the resolution, starting from January 1, 2018, the provision of
non-state educational services by legal entities, regardless of their ownership and
organizational and legal forms, will be carried out on a license basis. The resolution paid
special attention to the place of non-state educational institutions and the organization of
their activities along with state institutions in ensuring high-quality education.
To ensure the implementation of the above-mentioned Presidential Resolution, 10
non-state educational institutions were launched in Fergana region in 2018, with 117
classes and 2,521 students and 80 classes in these schools were specialized in primary
education, and a total of 1,808 students studied in them, of which 662 students in the 1st
grade, 563 students in the 2nd grade, 347 students in the 3rd grade, and 236 students in
the 4th grade [6. P. 58-59]. 3 of these schools were established in Fergana city ("Logos"
NTM, "BURSA" NTM, "SIRIUS" NTM), 6 in Kokand city ("Marifat niholi" NTM, "EDU Sofia"
NTM, "Iqtidor intellect ziyo" NTM, "Ilm nuri" NTM, "Mother and Child Center" NTM,
"Yuksak marra" NTM) and 1 in Altyarik district. Detailed information on school principals
and their addresses is provided in the appendix.
In 2017, 43 non-state general secondary schools in Uzbekistan received operating
licenses, which constituted 0.4% of the 9,680 existing schools in the republic [10. P. 3]. At the
same time, starting from the 2018-2019 academic year, at least one non-state school was
opened in all districts and cities across the republic, including 27 in the city of Tashkent.
Starting this academic year, at least one such school began its activities in all districts and
cities across the republic, especially in the Fergana Valley regions. Of these non-state
institutions, 20 were intended for primary education (grades 1-4), the remaining 23 for
general secondary education (grades 1-9) [10. B. 3]. They constituted 0.12 percent of the
total number of state schools. Due to the numerous privileges created after the decision was
made, a gradual increase in this indicator was observed in the regions.
President of the Republic of U
zbekistan Sh. According to Mirziyoyev’s resolution
“On measures to raise young people spiritually, morally and physically, and to raise their
education system to a qualitatively new level”, the issue of raising the school education
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system to a qualitatively new level was raised to the level of state policy. [23. P 58-63.]
Accordingly, “On March 27, 2018, Resolution No. 241 of the Cabinet of Ministers of the
Republic of Uzbekistan “On improving the licensing procedure for activities in the field of
non-state
educational services” was adopted [11]. By this resolution, it was determined
that the issuance of licenses to legal entities to organize activities in the field of non-state
educational services, suspension or termination of the license, as well as its cancellation
and re-issuance will be carried out by the State Inspectorate for Supervision of the
Quality of Education under the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan. At the
same time, the following were established as licensing requirements and conditions for
the implementation of the activities of legal entities providing non-state educational
services:
–
Mandatory compliance with the laws and regulations of the Republic of
Uzbekistan in the field of education;
–
Organization of the educational process following state educational standards
(state requirements), curricula and educational programs;
–
the licensee must have buildings (premises) in accordance with the established
requirements, intended for the implementation of the licensed activity, related to it by
property or other property rights;
–
equipping auditoriums, and classrooms with modern information and
communication equipment, technical means of education, and tools;
–
to provide educational buildings with the necessary textbooks, educational and
methodological literature, and other library and information resources and tools to
implement the established level of educational programs;
–
implementation of educational programs in accordance with state educational
standards for general secondary, vocational, and higher education, as well as state
requirements for pre-school education, out-of-school education, advanced training, and
retraining of personnel [12. P. 19];
–
the secular nature of compulsory education, the use of propaganda of war and
violence in the educational process, the infringement of the constitutional rights and
freedoms of citizens, the security and socio-political stability of the country, the legal and
moral foundations of society, the peace of citizens, the promotion of interethnic and
interreligious harmony, in the Republic of Uzbekistan It was strictly forbidden to spread
false information and distort its historical, cultural and spiritual values [13].
In 2018, the activities of non-state educational institutions in the Andijan region
further expanded, and on the eve of the 27th anniversary of the independence of the
Republic of Uzbekistan, a private comprehensive school called "Zahiriddin Muhammad
Babur Universal Academy" began its activities in the city center. The head of this school is
Haidarova Nilufar Anvarovna, a philologist and psychologist with 25 years of pedagogical
experience, and she is the founder of the famous non-governmental educational
institution “Lily Education” in Tashkent. The Andijan regional administration directly
supported the opening of this educational institution. In 2017, the vacant building of the
Andijan National Vocational College of Crafts and Social Economy was completely
renovated. This modern-looking, first private secondary school in the region, designed
for 600 students, has become a tradition of in-depth teaching of English, Russian, and
mathematics. The school has created all the necessary conditions for students to receive
a thorough education. In addition, the existing 27 classrooms are equipped to meet
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modern requirements and students from grades 1-5 have been admitted for the
2018-2019 academic year. The school provides students with two hot meals a day, and
those who come from afar are provided with a dormitory [14. P. 19]. Another advantage
of this private school over public schools is that it has a class size of 18-20 students.
In addition, students are provided with individual study outside of class.
Another prestigious private school in Andijan is the "Islam Karimov Followers"
educational institution, which was established in February 2018, and in the
2018-2019 academic year, more than 300 students studied there. This institution has
preparatory groups for school, as well as primary and secondary classes, and the school
specializes mainly in in-depth teaching of Russian and English. In order to ensure the
implementation of paragraph 6 of the Resolution of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan “On measures to further develop the activities of non
-state educational
services”, emphasis was placed on teaching in
-depth subjects in a foreign language, and
foreign teachers and specialists were involved in the educational process. In particular,
Susanna Mfum, a qualified teacher invited from the United States of America, teaches
English to students at the school. Along with all general education subjects, mental
arithmetic, Korean, choreography, and checkers clubs have been organized for
schoolchildren here. In 2018, the school's innovative teaching methods paid off, with a
student from this school taking an honorable third place in the international online
mental arithmetic Olympiad [15]. The majority of teachers are graduate students,
enterprising, and dedicated teachers, one of whom, Alexandra Ivanovna Bobrova,
repeatedly won the regional "Teacher of the Year" competition in 2017 and 2018, and
Naida Sevda Navlovna was recognized as the winner in the nomination for the best young
teacher of 2018. The school's physical education teachers, international masters of sports
Bekmirzayev Davron and Askarov Marcel, have made a significant contribution to the
physical education and health of children.
In the Namangan region, broad opportunities have also been created for the
activities of non-state educational institutions. The private secondary school "Baby Plaza"
began its work in the city of Namangan on September 1, 2018. The founder spent 200
thousand US dollars to build and equip the private school building. This school is
designed for 100 students, and all favorable conditions and opportunities have been
created to provide education to students in grades 1, 2, and 3 of primary school based on
state educational standards and the most modern innovations and information
technologies. In addition, each classroom is equipped with individual desks and chairs for
14 students, an electronic whiteboard and other teaching aids, and various necessary
equipment. There is an information resource center here, which has books on various
subjects and a comfortable reading room, which further enriches the knowledge of
teachers and students [16. P.15]. This school is the sixth among private general
secondary educational institutions in the region, and more than 1,100 students studied in
existing private schools in 2018. In the 2019-2020 academic year, another 490 first-
graders joined their ranks.
In 2015, the non-s
tate educational institution “Children of the Future” was one of
the first to open in the city of Namangan, that is, a school-kindergarten [17. P. 15].
As a result of experienced and qualified specialists, who created comfortable and modern
conditions, the cozy kindergarten has become a multifunctional Madaminova brand
today. In the city of Namangan, 3 branches of a preschool educational institution with
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100 places and 125 jobs have been organized. The entrepreneur, using his own funds and
bank loans, reconstructed the vacant part of the abandoned building of the preschool
educational institution No. 7 in the city of Namangan under a lease agreement and
organized a 320-seat school specializing in English and mathematics. Thanks to the
efforts of an experienced team of 40 people led by M. Madaminova, the educational team
achieved significant results. In the 2016-2017 academic year, school students
participated in the International Mathematical Olympiad in Bulgaria and won 5 medals
(1 gold, and 4 silver), and at the Singapore International Mathematical Olympiad, school
students won 5 medals in two years. The participation of school students in international
Olympiads has also expanded in subsequent years. In particular, at the end of the
2018-2019 academic year, 7 students participated in the "Mathematics Without Borders"
Olympiad in Bulgaria, and the Primary School students won 1 silver medal, 2 bronze
medals individually, 2 bronze medals as a team, and the most important achievement
was 1 gold medal.
Since 2
019, a new building of the “Istiqbol zamon bolalari” school has been put
into operation, specializing in providing in-depth education mainly to primary school
students [18]. In particular, this building, which is intended for the education of students
in grades 1-4, was built in accordance with modern building standards and all conditions
have been created for students. This school is designed for 420 places, and its
construction cost 2 billion 750 million. sums were spent. 252 young people study in this
school, and 38 experienced teachers teach them. The teaching of 5 foreign languages,
namely Korean, Japanese, Arabic, Russian and English, has become popular in the
educational institution [19]. The head of this school, a member of the Republican
Association of Teachers of Education, visited Finland, Germany, Italy, Korea, Belarus, and
Russia in 2017 and 2018 to study the field of preschool and general education. He
thoroughly studied the innovative ideas there and actively implemented them in his
school. Undoubtedly, the activities of the non-governmental educational institution
"Children of the Future" in the city have a modern character, and it has made a significant
contribution to the comprehensive support of young people and their education. As of
August 20, 2019, the number of non-governmental general educational institutions in the
republic reached 100. In particular, 7 non-state educational institutions were operating
in Andijan region, 12 in Namangan region, and 10 in Fergana region. The total number of
students studying in these institutions across the republic reached 18,218 [20. P. 275].
As the figures show, the activity of private educational institutions that meet world
standards in the education system of Uzbekistan has been expanding year by year.
Since September 2019, the private school "Andijan Generations" has been
operating in the city of Andijan. This school has opened grades 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and
additional classes in Russian and English, music lessons, and kickboxing have been
scheduled. In the primary grades, 6 teachers teach students the secrets of modern
education.
The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Education" dated September 23, 2020,
stipulates that non-state educational organizations must carry out their activities on the
basis of a license, with the exception of educational organizations that provide out-of-
school education, retraining of personnel, and improving their qualifications. It was
stipulated that non-state educational organizations providing educational services in
accordance with state educational standards and state educational requirements shall
issue state-approved educational documents to graduates [21].
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One of the private schools in Andijan that began operating in September 2021 is
“Yangi Avlod”. This school w
as opened in September by President Sh.M. Mirziyoyev
visited and got acquainted with its activities [22]. This school, designed for a thousand
places, has 55 classrooms, 3 laboratories, and science cabinets in two three-story
educational buildings, which are fully equipped with the latest modern equipment. The
school specializes in foreign languages, and English, Chinese, and Arabic are taught
perfectly. In addition, interactive teaching of specific subjects in English, mental
arithmetic, IT, robotics clubs began to operate here. A project was developed to establish
a preschool educational institution and a university on this educational campus, and
according to it, a kindergarten with 150 places and an IT university with 500 places were
planned to be built next to the school. In this way, it was determined that the
kindergarten-school-university would become an educational cluster.
It is worth noting that in 2017-2023, the number of private educational
institutions in the Fergana Valley regions, as in the entire republic, increased sharply.
This process continues to grow steadily in the region. If we analyze the differences
between public and private educational institutions, the number of primary school
students in government-run general education schools is 35 students, while in private
institutions it is 18-20 students. This, in turn, ensures that students receive quality
education. At the same time, STEAM clubs (English, art, sports, music, robotics, mental
arithmetic) have been established in Non-state educational institutions. Some private
schools specialize in in-depth teaching of foreign languages. For this reason, the number
of students studying in Non-state educational institutions has grown significantly over
the past seven years.
CONCLUSION
Reforms in the field of education were directly applied to the private sector, which
is gradually developing in primary education. As a result, the activities of non-state
educational institutions in the system were legally regulated. As in the whole of
Uzbekistan, the number of such schools and the number of students in them grew year by
year in the Fergana Valley region. In particular, after the adoption of the Resolution of the
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On measures to further develop the activities of
non-state educational services", a strict review of the ownership and organizational and
legal forms of legal entities was carried out, and a wide path was opened for the
implementation of non-state educational services on a license basis. In order to further
develop private education, some private schools in Andijan, Namangan, and Fergana
regions were exempted from a number of taxes. As a result, their activities and the
education system have improved in quality every year. Students of such schools have
taken pride of place in international Olympiads in specific subjects. This is a clear
indication of the important place that the private education sector occupies in the
education system.
In order to continue reforms in this area in the future, the “Uzb
ekistan
–
2030”
strategy also outlined important measures, which determined the development
directions of private non-state educational institutions in the next 7 years. In particular,
important measures and mechanisms for their implementation have been developed,
such as increasing the number of non-state educational institutions to 1,000 by 2030,
allocating 1 trillion soums for Non-state educational institutions in the next 5 years,
concluding contracts for the construction of 100 general secondary educational
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institutions annually on the basis of public-private partnership starting from 2024,
increasing the number of students studying in non-state general secondary educational
institutions by 3 times, and implementing projects to expand the network of general
secondary educational institutions worth $ 2 billion on the basis of public-private
partnership and funds attracted from international financial institutions. Of course, there
is no doubt that this will contribute to the qualitative and quantitative growth of the
network of non-state educational institutions in Andijan, Fergana and Namangan regions.
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