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EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF INNOVATIVE
TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ACTIVITIES OF DEHKAN FARM.
Ergashov Yashnarbek Istamovich
Karshi State Technical University, foundation doctoral student
at the Department of "Business and Management"
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15880294
Keywords:
Farming, innovative technologies, economic efficiency, drip
irrigation, agrodrone, digital agroplatforms, Kashkadarya region, resource
efficiency, productivity, net profit.
Abstract.
This article studies the effectiveness of introducing innovative
technologies in the activities of dehkan farms using the example of the
Kashkadarya region. The analysis reveals that the use of advanced technologies
such as drip irrigation, agrodrone monitoring, and digital agroplatforms has
significantly increased productivity, net profit, and resource efficiency. The
study identifies economic efficiency criteria based on practical experience in
2023 and illustrates them with relevant tables and diagrams. Based on the
results of the article, it is concluded that the economic sustainability of dehkan
farms can be ensured through the widespread introduction of innovative
technologies.
Introduction.
At the current stage of the world economy, the use of
innovative technologies in agriculture is gaining importance not only as a means
of increasing production, but also as a means of efficient use of resources,
obtaining stable incomes and ensuring environmental safety. Especially in the
conditions of Uzbekistan, the introduction of innovations is becoming an urgent
issue against the background of limited water resources, reduced land
productivity and climate change.
This article analyzes the use of innovative technologies in the activities of
dehkan farms, their impact on economic efficiency, productivity and
profitability, using the example of the Kashkadarya region.
In the formation of a competitive agricultural system, the sustainable
operation of dehkan farms and their readiness to introduce innovative
technologies play a special role. Today, in Uzbekistan, in particular, in the
Kashkadarya region, water shortages, land degradation, and low labor
productivity are serious problems facing dehkan farms. The main way to
overcome these problems is the effective use of innovative technologies.
This article assesses the implementation of innovative technologies in the
activities of dehkan farms and their economic efficiency. The assessment is
based on statistical data from the Kashkadarya region.
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Literature review.
The issue of introducing innovative technologies in
scientific sources has been studied in the following aspects:
A. Alimov (2021) found that modern equipment and agrotechnical methods
in dehkan farms increase productivity by 20–25%.
According to the Ministry of Agriculture of Uzbekistan, innovations such as
drip irrigation and laser leveling reduce costs by 15–20%.
The FAO (2022) report confirms stable production and high income in
areas where innovative approaches are used.
Siddikov A. (2019) – measured the effectiveness of introducing innovative
technologies in agriculture through productivity and resource efficiency.
Islomova D. (2021) – analyzed the practical results of drip irrigation,
agrodrone and digital monitoring systems in dehkan farms.
International reports by FAO and UNDP indicate water-saving technologies
and agroinnovations as a means of increasing resilience to climate change.
Nevertheless, the economic efficiency of innovations in the territorial sector
- in particular, in the Kashkadarya region - has not been scientifically adequately
assessed. However, empirical research shows that most studies in Uzbekistan
are limited to general descriptions and do not pay sufficient attention to
quantitative assessments of their economic effectiveness.
Discussion (main part).
Types of innovative technologies and their
application
The following innovative technologies are being introduced in farmers'
farms in the Kashkadarya region:
Technology type
Field of use
Total area
(he)
Efficiency result
Drip irrigation
Melon
crops,
orchards
3 250
Water saving 40%, yield
+18%
Laser land leveling
Grain, cotton
5 500
Water consumption -15%,
labor saving
Modern seeds (non-
GMO)
Vegetables,
potatoes
1 850
Rapid ripening, disease
resistant
Biohumus
fertilizers
Various crops
4 200 Soil fertility +20%
He implementation of innovative agricultural technologies in the
Kashkadarya region demonstrates a growing commitment to enhancing
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productivity, optimizing resource use, and improving the sustainability of
dehqon (smallholder) farms. The table illustrates four major innovations that
are currently applied across various types of crops and farming systems. Below
is an analytical summary of their impacts:
1. Drip Irrigation Systems
Scope: Applied predominantly to melon crops and orchards.
Efficiency Gains:
o
Water saving: up to 40% reduction in water usage.
o
Yield increase: approximately 18% growth in productivity.
Analysis:
Drip irrigation is one of the most effective water-saving techniques in arid
regions like Kashkadarya. Given the region's limited and seasonal water
availability, this technology significantly reduces irrigation losses and ensures
precise water delivery to plant roots. The observed increase in yield reflects
improved water-use efficiency and crop health. Additionally, it can lead to
reduced weed pressure and fertilizer loss.
2. Laser Land Leveling
Scope: Used in grain and cotton cultivation on over 5,500 hectares.
Efficiency Gains:
o
Water usage reduction: 15%.
o
Labor efficiency: improved due to smoother terrain and uniform
irrigation.
Analysis:
Uneven land causes poor water distribution, leading to over-irrigation in some
areas and under-irrigation in others. Laser leveling ensures a flat field surface,
which enhances water distribution and reduces manual labor in land
preparation. This technique not only saves water but also contributes to uniform
crop emergence and growth, ultimately improving yield consistency.
3. Modern Seed Varieties (Non-GMO)
Scope: Implemented in vegetable and potato cultivation.
Efficiency Gains:
o
Early ripening: enables faster harvesting and multiple cropping cycles.
o
Disease resistance: reduces the need for chemical pesticides.
Analysis:
The introduction of high-quality seed varieties that are early maturing and
disease-resistant is vital for increasing farm profitability. These seeds offer
resilience against biotic stress and shorten the production cycle, allowing
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farmers to optimize land use and market access. Moreover, the reduced
dependence on chemical inputs also supports environmental sustainability.
4. Biohumus Organic Fertilizers
Scope: Applied to various crop types.
Efficiency Gains:
o
Soil fertility increase: up to 20%.
Analysis:
Biohumus (vermicompost) is a nutrient-rich organic fertilizer that
improves soil structure, microbial activity, and long-term fertility. Its usage
contributes to increased yields over time, especially in degraded soils. Moreover,
biohumus supports sustainable agriculture by reducing the need for synthetic
fertilizers, improving water retention, and enhancing soil biodiversity.
General Implications
These innovative technologies collectively:
Improve input efficiency (water, labor, seeds, fertilizers),
Increase crop yields and profitability,
Support climate-smart agriculture by promoting sustainable land and
water management practices,
Reduce dependency on traditional farming methods and enhance
competitiveness of smallholder farmers in the region.
The adoption of such innovations can be further accelerated through:
Government subsidies and incentives,
Training and technical support for farmers,
Access to credit and technology providers.
Types of innovative technologies and their description
The following innovative technologies were included in the analysis:
Technology Type Description
Expected Positive Impact
Drip irrigation
Delivers water in precise
doses and directly to the
roots
Reduces water consumption
by 30-40%
Agrodrone
monitoring
Monitoring the condition of
crops from above
Reduces
fertilizer
and
pesticide consumption by up
to 20%
Digital agricultural
platforms
Accounting for land, water,
labor and equipment
Increases
decision-making
speed
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The introduction of innovative technologies in agriculture is increasingly
recognized as a key driver of productivity, sustainability, and profitability -
especially for smallholder farmers operating in resource-constrained
environments such as the Kashkadarya region of Uzbekistan. This analysis
evaluates the economic effectiveness of three primary innovations:
drip
irrigation, agrodrone monitoring
, and
digital agricultural platforms.
Drip irrigation delivers water directly to plant roots in controlled amounts,
minimizing evaporation and runoff.
Economic Impact:
Previous average profit:
12.5 million UZS per farm
Profit after implementation
: 17.2 million UZS
Profit growth: +37.6%
Analytical Insight:
Drip irrigation had the
greatest positive impact
among the technologies
studied. In arid regions like Kashkadarya, where water scarcity is a chronic
challenge, this method significantly
reduces water usage (by 30–40%)
while
increasing yield and crop quality.
Improved root-zone moisture and nutrient
delivery explain the higher profitability.
Agrodrones collect aerial imagery and data, allowing farmers to monitor
crop health, pest infestations, and irrigation needs from above.
Economic Impact:
Previous average profit: 14.3 million UZS
Profit after implementation: 18.1 million UZS
Profit growth: +26.6%
Analytical Insight:
Agrodrone technology contributes to
precision
agriculture
by detecting problems early, enabling targeted use of fertilizers and
pesticides. The result is a
reduction of chemical input costs by up to 20%
,
better plant health, and
higher operational efficiency
. Although the initial
investment can be relatively high, the medium-term return is substantial.
These platforms help farmers
manage land, water, labor, and machinery
efficiently through digital dashboards and analytics tools.
Economic Impact:
Previous average profit:
15.0 million UZS
Profit after implementation
: 19.8 million UZS
Profit growth: +32.0%
Digital agro-platforms
accelerate decision-making
and improve planning
across the farming cycle - from sowing to harvest. With better record-keeping
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and real-time resource tracking, farmers reduce losses due to human error and
poor timing. The
32% increase in net profit
shows the financial benefit of
digitizing farm operations, even for small-scale producers.
All three technologies produced
substantial increases in net profit
,
ranging from
+26.6% to +37.6%.
Drip irrigation
offered the
highest financial return
, particularly
effective in water-scarce areas.
Digital tools and drones
enhanced
decision-making and resource
optimization
, which translated into measurable efficiency gains.
Based on these results, the following strategies are recommended:
Subsidize and support the expansion
of smart irrigation systems for
smallholder farms.
Provide
training programs
on the use of agrodrones and digital tools.
Promote
public-private partnerships
to make technology affordable and
accessible.
Continue conducting
region-specific impact evaluations
to tailor
innovations to local farming conditions.
If you’d like a visual version of this analysis (bar chart, infographic, etc.) or
an academic-style paper with citations and formatting, I’d be happy to assist!
Evaluation method and economic analysis
Efficiency was assessed using the following criteria:
Increase in yield (t/he)
Reduction in water consumption (%)
Reduction in production costs (%)
Increase in net profit (%)
Experimental data for 2023 (based on 20 dehkan farms in Kashkadarya
region):
Technology type
Previous profit (mln
soums)
Next profit (mln
soums)
Profit increase
(%)
Drip irrigation
12,5
17,2
+37,6
Agrodrone
monitoring
14,3
18,1
+26,6
Digital
agroplatforms
15,0
19,8
+32,0
Economic efficiency of innovations
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This table presents the farms where innovations were applied and their
profit indicators:
Indicator
Innovative
farm
Traditional farm
Average
income
(mln
soums/he)
12,5
9,0
Average cost (mln soums/he)
6,8
6,4
Net profit (mln soums/he)
5,7
2,6
Profitability rate (%)
83,8%
40,6%
The results show that innovative technologies significantly increase
revenue, improving net profit and profitability by almost 2 times.
Results and analysis.
Water use on farms where drip irrigation was
introduced has decreased by up to 1,200 m³ per hectare.
Pesticide use on farms where Agrodrone was used has decreased by at least
15%.
Productivity on farms managed using digital technologies has increased by
10–15 units per hectare.
Conclusion.
The use of innovative technologies in dehkan farms in the Kashkadarya
region has a positive impact on their economic efficiency. The level of profit is
increasing through the efficient use of water resources, increasing productivity,
and reducing labor and financial costs. The practical application of innovative
technologies is an important factor in strengthening the competitiveness of
small dehkan farms, especially.
The results of the study show that the introduction of innovative
technologies in the activities of dehkan farms plays an important role in
increasing efficiency. In particular, water-saving technologies, agrodrone
observations and digital management systems ensure increased income,
reduced costs and rational use of resources.
Therefore, the popularization of innovative technologies, provision of
subsidies and training of dehkan farms in digital skills are relevant in the
Kashkadarya region.
As recommendations:
Strengthen the system of subsidizing innovative technologies;
Expand regional agrotechnical services;
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It is necessary to organize trainings on innovations among the rural
population.
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