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THE THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL SOLUTIONS TO THE
PROBLEMS OF GUIDE ACCOMPANIMENT AND TRANSLATION
ACTIVITIES
Shukurova Mahliyo Tolibjon kizi
Student of the State World Languages University of Uzbekistan
Rustamova Gulnoza Bakhtiyor kizi
Scientific advisor:
Tel number: +99890 401 52 57
Email: mahliyoshukurova183@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12514155
Annotation:
This article is devoted to define several problems of tour
guides from theoretical and empirical point of view and relevant solutions for
them. It also gives information about tourism of Uzbekistan and challenges while
interpreting.
Keywords:
Uzbek tourism industry, tour guides, challenges, theoretical
and practical concepts of tour guides.
The tourism industry of Uzbekistan is regarded as a crucial factor contributing
the economic development of country. After gaining independence, Uzbekistan
channel its attention to improving the tourism. Because tourism is one way of
increasing financial and economic position of country. To achieve this, the
tourism committee was founded. Then several occupations, such as manager,
tour operator and tour guides are required. In this article, more observation will
be given to the job called tour guide. Tourism industry in our country contains
hospitality, hotels, recreational areas, historical spots, food, beverages and travel
agencies. Translators and guides play important role to present them to the
visitors. To be more precise, the tourist guide is the educated and professional
person that shows a real and honest image of his/her country. Thus, tour guide
is the first person that visitors or tourist groups meet and contact, so their
responsibility is to provide security and all necessities tourists need. It is
demanded that tour guide should be generous, polite, patient and outgoing in
doing the job and able to solve problems easily. The guide leads the tourists to
the attractive sites where he/she knows the history, importance and benefits of
such places. There is always a necessity to improve the professional tourist
guides through training and qualifications that help them in doing the job. All
qualificatons and skills of the tour guides should be associated on the connection
with the visitors. To reach job satisfaction, organizations should provide the
guide with high value and then benefit returns. Human resources is joint to
impact on the productivity of tis issue. It emphasise on the increase of the
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knowledge, skills, qualifications of employees in all aspects. The importance of
job satisfaction leads to the efficiency of employees. It evaluates the country’s
economic value and development. In our country tourism is a developing field
which is making it known to the world. Especially, its ancient and historical
areas, such as Samarkand, Bukhara and Khiva worth taking into account. They
are being more and more well-known among world tourists. Also such places
play a principal role in domestic tourism, except outbound and inbound ones. As
we know, Uzbekistan is rich in cultural heritage since ancient periods, the ages
of The Great Silk Road. That signifies that guidance job has a long history, it has
existed for ancient periods. There were people who guided the guests visited
due to commercial or political reasons, along their country. In a short, tour
guides have essential roles in tourism industry all the times. Precisely, the
instrumental, interactional, social and communicative. The instrumental role
includes: supplying direction, access, security and safety also organizing and
managing the groups; the interactional role includes: controlling relationships
between local people and visitors expriencing different cultures; the social role
includes: maintaining cohesion between tourists and providing humor,
entertainment and several disciplines within them; the communicative ones
includes: providing information, knowledge and translation about different
places of their country. There are also managerial roles of tour guides as
showed in the figure:
Tour
guide
Tour
manager
Destination
manager
Time
manager
Experience
manager
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As a tour manager, they organize, control and manage the group; as a experience
manager they responsible for managing relationships between locals and
tourists facilitating memorable tours; as a destination manager, they determine
places to show and control what the tourists see, do; as a time manager, they
allocate time for visits and tours.
In spite of having an important influence on tourism industry, guides can be
seen as a most affected people. They are often blamed for many reasons during
their tour and also they are expected to handle all obstacles in tourism
destinations. They usually work under great pressure, they are required to have
communication, negotiation, personal skills and competences as well as provide
information in a interesting and interpretive way; at the same time they should
keep a good relationships between tourists and adjust to the rules, laws of the
country. They also suffer from inconvenient job hours, low salary and
information technology. Some of them may know little information about the
destination or there is not enough support from government. And there is an
explicit challenge, especially in our country, to maintain their family. Their job
could result in breaking their family in order to not have a fixed salary to take
home. Several challenges mentioned above was about empirical point of
guidance. Regarding theoretical issues, they are also worthy for mentioning.
Theoretical formulation of guides include their knowledge, particularly,
occupational knowledge. The occupational knowledge is determined here as:
the information, skills and all the experiences that the guide gained through
their job. This includes undesstanding, learning, communication that emerged
from the practical life space and socio-cultural life space. Tour guides may have
difficulty in gaining this knowledge according to their lack of theoretical
information. To understand the occupational knowledge, the following figure
comes to help:
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The first catagory means that the tour guides observe the tourism performance
of a destination. It gives them opportunity to analyse the tourism products and
other performances of tourism operators. The second category includes the
perceptions of tour guides on their industry roles. Being a guide requires to
perform a broad range of roles. They manage the groups as a cultural operator,
information provider, country representative and environment interpreters, in
addition they perform their work as a tourism mangers and operators. The third
final concept illustrates the conceptions on their career. This one include their
working conditions, motivations, career status and the socio-cultural aspects
related to the guiding job. It supply information about how tour guides consider
their status in the tourism industry and society. All knowledge above formulate
theoretical aspects of guiding in tourism field. To be a professional guide, the
whole practical and theoretical skills comes from such knowledge are needed.
Nevertheless, in some cases, these skills are still in shortage for guides. To
tackle this issue, several istructions should be taken into action. For instance,
tour companies should apply some actions to release work stress and provide
canteen rooms to have a rest for guides. They are requested to increase the level
of safety and security in case there are disease and predicted accidents. The
companies should continue the practice and training programs to enhance their
competence and qualifications. There is also need for maintaining good
relationships between guides and their collegues to increase the spirit of team
work. Moral incentives should be provided to improve payments in advance for
the the seniority of recruitment. Companies should make efforts to rise monthly
salaries and review them periodically to fit the cost of living and reach job
OCCUPATIONAL KNOWLEDGE OF TOUR
GUIDES
DESTINATION-
BASED
KNOWLEDGE
ROLE-BASED
KNOWLEDGE
CAREER-BASED
KNOWLEDGE
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satisfaction. To improve their theoretical skills, scientific meetings and projects
should be organized. The opportunities are need to be created to train abroad in
foreign agencies. To add, career-based subjects must be multipled to gain more
knowledge about field for the future tour guides. These recommodations are
channeled to increase the knowledge about guidance field and as a result
tourism industry in our country.
References:
1.
The Worldview of Tour Guides: A Grounded Theory Study by Areej Shabib
Aloudat – University of Bedfordshire, 249-257 p.
2.
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality -
vol.19 No.3, 2020, 113 – 130 p.
3.
European Journal of Economics, Finance and administrative Sciences –
2011, ISSN 1450 – 2275, 34 -45 p.
4.
Aviva, G & Arieh, G satisfaction measurement in guided tours, Annals of
Tourism Research – 1991, 177 – 185 p
5.
American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, Scientific
Research – 2011, 90 -93 p.
6.
Airey and Shackley “ Tourism Development In Uzbekistan “. Tourism
Management – vol.18,4, 1997, 199 – 208 p.
