SOLUTION OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN
MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMY
International scientific-online conference
62
CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES TO DIAGNOSING AND TREATING
PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AND MALIGNANT TUMORS
Usmonov Isomiddin Haidarovich
Iskandarova Iroda Mashrab qizi
RIFVAPIATM Senior Researcher at BUKHMI Associate Professor of the
Department of Phthisiology
Assistant of the Department of Oncology at Bukhara State Medical
Institutehttps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11174762
Abstract
The coexistence of malignant tumors and pulmonary tuberculosis
significantly complicates diagnosis and treatment, leading to increased
morbidity and mortality rates. Effective management of these comorbid
conditions requires a comprehensive approach involving modern diagnostic and
treatment methods. This article explores the clinical features of malignant
tumors and pulmonary tuberculosis co-occurrence, challenges in accurate
diagnosis, and the latest diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. It provides
recommendations for healthcare professionals to identify and treat these
diseases effectively. A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 150 patients
revealed that 68% had lung cancer, 22% had gastrointestinal cancers, and 10%
had breast cancer in conjunction with pulmonary tuberculosis. The study aims
to improve practical skills in the early detection, accurate diagnosis, and
successful management of these comorbid conditions.
Keywords
- Malignant tumors
- Pulmonary tuberculosis
- Comorbidity
- Diagnosis challenges
- Clinical features
- Treatment
Relevance
Malignant tumors (MT) and pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) are among the
most critical health issues globally, characterized by high mortality rates and
treatment challenges. The comorbidity of these diseases, i.e., their simultaneous
occurrence, presents a complex and pressing issue in clinical practice.
Immunosuppression caused by MT predisposes patients to PT, complicating the
clinical course of both diseases and posing significant difficulties in diagnosis
and treatment.
SOLUTION OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN
MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMY
International scientific-online conference
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Globally, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death, with an
estimated 10 million deaths in 2023. Lung cancer is the most common type of
cancer, accounting for 1.8 million deaths annually. Tuberculosis also remains a
significant health challenge, with 1.5 million deaths reported in 2023. Patients
with MT are more susceptible to developing PT due to weakened immune
systems, increasing morbidity and mortality rates and complicating clinical
diagnosis due to overlapping symptoms and increased risk of complications.
In a retrospective study of 150 patients with comorbid MT and PT, 68%
had lung cancer, 22% had gastrointestinal cancers, and 10% had breast cancer
in conjunction with pulmonary tuberculosis. The simultaneous occurrence of
these diseases leads to significant diagnostic challenges due to overlapping
clinical features and radiological findings. Therefore, comprehensive clinical,
laboratory, and instrumental studies are necessary to ensure accurate diagnosis
and effective treatment.
This research is highly relevant to healthcare professionals in
understanding the interaction between malignant tumors and tuberculosis,
enabling them to devise effective diagnostic and treatment strategies. It will
enhance clinicians' ability to detect, diagnose, and manage these diseases
effectively.
Objective
The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of
the comorbid occurrence of malignant tumors and pulmonary tuberculosis,
identify diagnostic challenges, and develop effective diagnostic and treatment
methods.
Materials and Methods
Study Type and Subjects: This study examined comorbid patients with
malignant tumors and pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed between 2015 and
2020. Clinical data from 150 patients were analyzed, including 102 patients with
MT and 48 patients with PT. The most common cancer types were lung (68%),
gastrointestinal (22%), and breast (10%) cancers, with pulmonary tuberculosis
primarily in the pulmonary form.
Results
Patients with malignant tumors and pulmonary tuberculosis showed
distinct clinical courses, revealing challenges in diagnosis and treatment. In the
cohort of 150 patients, the study identified unique clinical signs, diagnostic
difficulties, and therapeutic complexities due to the coexistence of both diseases:
- Distribution of Cancer Types:
SOLUTION OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN
MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMY
International scientific-online conference
64
- Lung cancer: 68%
- Gastrointestinal cancers: 22%
- Breast cancer: 10%
- Pulmonary Tuberculosis:
- Predominantly in the pulmonary form: 85%
- Extrapulmonary form: 15%
- Clinical Features:
- Weight loss: 76%
- Persistent cough: 65%
- Fatigue: 60%
- Fever: 52%
The findings emphasized that combined treatment strategies are required.
However, side effects and drug interactions between anti-tuberculosis and
chemotherapy agents necessitate individualized treatment approaches.
Conclusion
1The comorbidity of malignant tumors and pulmonary tuberculosis
presents unique clinical challenges, with overlapping symptoms complicating
diagnosis.
2. Simultaneous occurrence of these diseases requires comprehensive
laboratory and instrumental examinations for accurate diagnosis.
3. Combined treatment strategies involving anti-tuberculosis and cancer
therapies are necessary. Individualized treatment plans should consider
potential drug interactions and side effects.
4. - Routine screening for comorbid conditions should be implemented.
- Clinicians should adopt individualized approaches in managing MT and PT.
- Training programs should enhance clinicians' knowledge and skills in
managing these comorbidities.
This study provides clinicians with a comprehensive understanding of
diagnosing and treating the coexistence of malignant tumors and pulmonary
tuberculosis, improving healthcare professionals' practical skills and
contributing to better patient outcomes.
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International scientific-online conference
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