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VIEWS ON IMPROVING THE LEGAL CULTURE OF THE
ENTREPRENEUR IN CIVIL SOCIETY
Sofiev A.A.
Teacher of Fergana State University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12663758
Annotation
The article talks about the need to increase the legal culture of
entrepreneurs in the conditions of today's civil society, the essence of concepts
of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial activity, entrepreneurial personality,
processes of improving their legal regulation mechanisms within the framework
of scientific, theoretical and practical research of the problem.
Key words:
civil society, entrepreneurs, legal culture, indicators of
economic development, small and medium entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship,
entrepreneurial activity, entrepreneurial person, rights and freedoms, honor
and dignity.
At the global level, special attention is being paid to the establishment of
civil society, ensuring the rule of law, as well as increasing the legal culture of
entrepreneurs. Today, one of the main indicators of economic development of
the countries of the world is undoubtedly explained by the attention to small
and medium entrepreneurship. In this regard, the establishment of the Small
Business Administration (SBA, Small Business Administration) [1] in the United
States in 1953, the global international institution (UNCTAD, WTO, ICC, "The
Research by World DataBank, "The World Justice Project", "The Heritage
Foundation", "Doing Business", "Transparency International") and the regular
publication of rating indicators show that the problem of improving the legal
culture of an entrepreneur is of universal importance.
As part of the scientific, theoretical and practical research carried out by the
world's scientific research institutes and centers, the essence of concepts of
entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial activity, entrepreneurial person, the
processes of improving their legal regulation mechanisms, as well as the
formation of elements of legal culture in the subjects of entrepreneurial activity,
both vertical and horizontal legislation Conclusions of a praxeological nature are
emerging on the decision of a strong law enforcement system taking into
account liberal values in the system. In this regard, it is necessary to emphasize
that in the processes of transformation and modernization of our society, raising
the legal culture of the participants of business activities, especially the
entrepreneur, and through this, the youth, who make up the main part of our
population, is one of the main conditions for the establishment of a legal state.
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The socio-philosophical considerations presented above demonstrate the global
relevance of the topic. It should be recognized that since 1993, in cooperation
with the government of Uzbekistan, among the 177 members of the UN, through
the "UNDP Uzbekistan" [2] program, more than a hundred national programs
have been implemented for the development of local entrepreneurship.
In the 20th goal of the "New Development Strategy of Uzbekistan for 2022-
2026": "Development of an active civil society and formation of a sense of
respect and obedience to the law among citizens" [3] was defined as an urgent
task. In addition, as the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoev
noted: "We must create such a legal culture in our society that compliance with
the Constitution and laws, respect for the rights and freedoms, honor and dignity
of others is not an obligation, but a daily rule. and should become a habit" [4]. It
can be seen that legal culture is an important component of the thinking of
citizens, in particular, entrepreneurs. Development of scientific conclusions and
practical recommendations that serve to increase the legal culture of an
entrepreneur on the basis of normative-legal, traditions, customs and other
norms that serve to regulate social, property, cultural, national, economic,
corporate and individual relations in the implementation of his activities.
appears as an urgent task.
Adoption of the "New Development Strategy of Uzbekistan for 2022-2026"
for the further development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in order to bring the
improvement of public welfare to a new level, as well as "2024 - the year of
supporting youth and business" - development of various directions of
entrepreneurial activity in our republic We can see it as a logical continuation of
systematic reforms to further increase the legal culture of our population, young
people, especially entrepreneurs.
The socio-economic and legal essence of the strategic reforms implemented
on the development of legal culture lies in the structure of entrepreneurial
activity, legal and normative bases that regulate it, professional special culture of
an entrepreneur. Judging by historical sources, the roots of entrepreneurial
activity go back to the distant past. We know that until the 16th century, the
main tributary of the "Great Silk Road" passed through our country, and we can
see that trade, trade, and handicrafts developed widely. In this sense, in some
national-mental views, the view that entrepreneurship was originally settled in
the form of trade has been dominant.
In classical written sources, in particular, in "Avesta", the philosophical and
moral thoughts praising human work, condemning laziness, the ideas that teach
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hard work, the well-being of society and human life are specially recognized [5].
Also, in the sacred sources of Islam, special attention is paid to entrepreneurship
and its religious and legal issues.
Philosophical teachings developed in ancient Greece focused on the issue of
entrepreneurship. For example, Plato in his "Laws" - "paying attention to the
issue of the relationship between the state and business, it is possible to
strengthen the relationship between them only in the conditions of economic
freedom" [6], according to the great philosopher Aristotle: "An entrepreneur
should engage in fair deeds, regularly engage in good deeds” [7] emphasizes the
socialization of entrepreneurship.
The Great Eastern thinker Abu Nasr Farabi in his work entitled "The City of
Virtuous People" makes a special mention of open-handed entrepreneurs.
According to Farobi, "A community that brings happiness to a person is a truly
virtuous, mature, characteristic community. The feeling of caring about the
future of a person, his happiness, sharing his sorrows and sufferings should be
formed in entrepreneurs" [8]. Abu Nasr Farabi pays special attention to the
place of laws in the development of entrepreneurship in society. That's why the
Allama said, "The leader should issue laws about trade that will not harm
anyone, even about the measurement of weight, the measurement of grains and
things like sugar. At the same time, it is necessary for a legislator to reflect the
condition of all rich and poor people in the laws, so that the category of people
who break the laws and renew evils without correcting their people to the end is
not overlooked" [9], he writes. Abu Rayhan Beruni considers the mutual
agreement of people to be the main factor in his views on trade
(entrepreneurship) [10].
Ibn Sina also explains the importance of legal culture through his thoughts
that "...trade (entrepreneurship) should be managed with the help of just laws
adopted on the basis of mutual agreement of people" [11]. Amir Temur, a
statesman and politician, in his "Temur Rules" states that business relations
should be regulated based on the criteria of justice. Also, his words "...I looked at
everyone equally seriously and fairly, I did not differentiate anyone from
another" [12] are a reflection of the democracy of that time.
The results of the research on the topic show that entrepreneurial activity
was mainly formed in the 18th century, and it was often explained in connection
with the concept of "proprietor". It is worth noting that the concept of
entrepreneurship was given a special definition for the first time by R. Cantilton,
a well-known English economist who lived in this period. Later, I. Kant, F. V.
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Hegel, J. J. Rousseau, S. L. Montesque showed a special initiative in developing
entrepreneurship and its social, legal and philosophical foundations. The
following liberal-democratic views of the great French politician, sociologist and
philosopher Charles Louis Montesque can be cited: "Freedom does not mean
that a person can do what he wants, but it is the right to perform only the actions
reflected in the laws, explaining that human activities can be carried out only
through laws. ” [13] emphasizes. These liberal views serve as an important
theoretical-conceptual basis for the development of entrepreneurial activity and
the improvement of the legal culture of an entrepreneur even in our time.
Currently, even within the CIS countries, the issue of entrepreneurship is
interpreted on the basis of various socio-philosophical concepts. In particular,
V.S. Avtonomov explained the entrepreneurial activity based on an
anthropological approach and said that "rational decisions of a person and
creativity in functional management are useful in entrepreneurship" [14], while
G. Simon, the author of the term "limited opportunity" related to entrepreneurial
activity, "a certain balance in entrepreneurial activity" and optimal environment
is necessary" [15].
M. Alle, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Economics, writes that "the strong
rational activity of an entrepreneur reflects personal goals and ways of
achieving them" [16]. In this case, an entrepreneur's sincere desire to achieve a
certain goal and rational thinking in accordance with it is an important step in
achieving effective results.
In short, an entrepreneur with a legal culture takes a close look at the relations
that arise in the implementation of his activities, and considers it a simple civic
duty to strive to change them in a positive direction. An entrepreneur who does
not deeply understand this interdependence and reality cannot realize the noble
goals he has set for himself. In order to achieve our final goals, the reforms
started in our country should be consistently continued, citizens, especially
entrepreneurs, should have a high level of legal awareness, and the legal culture
of entrepreneurs should be recognized as a decisive factor in the realization of
the principle of "National recovery - national growth".
References:
1. http://www.web.snauka.ru/issues/
2. http://www.undp.org/uzbekistan/
3. "New Development Strategy of Uzbekistan for 2022-2026" - Tashkent: Adolat,
2022. - B. 29-30.
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4. Mirziyoev Sh.M. An educated generation is a guarantee of a great future, an
entrepreneurial nation is a guarantee of a prosperous life, and friendly
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