THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF
PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
129
SPEECH IMPLICATION AND ITS TYPES IN FAIRY TALES
Kamalova Nigora Bakhadirovna
Karakalpak State University 3rd year PhD student
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14942397
In fairy tales, implicatures are used to convey deep meaning, moral lessons,
and cultural values. These implicatures can be divided into several broad types,
each with its own specific characteristic
There are two types of conversation
implicature: generalized implicature and differentiated speech implicature,
which require participants to understand the meaning of the implicature.
Generalized Conversational Implications: These are essentially conversational
implications that are understood in most contexts without requiring specialized
knowledge. Grice [1], generalized communicative implicatures are
communicative implicatures that require a participant to understand a specific
context or knowledge. To understand the specific speech implicature presented
by Grice as a distinct speech implicature, the participants must have the same
level of knowledges:
Scale implications: Examples of scalar implications are
recognized through the study of numbers, exponents, and related implications.
For example, in English, "Some of the brothers passed by the old man without
helping him, but the youngest stopped and shared his meal." [2], in "Some of the
Brothers," emphasizes that not all brothers helped an elderly person, but rather
contrasted with the kindness of young people, highlighting their rare qualities.
For example, in the Karakalpak fairy tale "Shontiq túlki" (The Cunning Fox) [3],
sentences like "The fox said: 'I have traveled several roads'" use the word
"birqansha" (several). This usage implies that the fox has not traveled all roads,
though this is not explicitly stated. The implicature is derived from the quantity
scale (some → several → all). Such implicatures often enhance the depth of fairy
tales, as they reveal more about the fox's true nature.
Traditional implication: This is related to specific words or phrases with
additional meaning. For example, the word "but" expresses the contradiction
between two statements. They are related to specific expressions and are stable
across contexts. In fairy tales, phrases like "Once upon a time" and "Once upon a
time" refer to the fulfillment of events in the historical or eternal past, creating a
basis for a fantastical narrative.
Let's analyze the conversation between the girl and the frog from the fairy
tale "The well of the world's end" [4],: 1. Frog: "What's the matter, dearie?"
Meaning: The frog is asking the girl why she is worried.
Analysis: Type of implicature: Traditional implicature.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF
PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
130
Implicature: The frog's use of the word "dearie" indicates a friendly or
caring attitude towards the girl. This indicates that the frog is worried and ready
to help.
The girl said: "Oh dear, oh dear," she said, "my stepmother sent me all this
way to fill this sieve with water from the Well of the End of the World, and I can't
fill it at all." Meaning: The girl expressed her difficult situation, explaining the
impossible task assigned to her by her stepmother.
Type of implication: Branched implication.
Implication: The girl's repetition of "Oh, dear, oh dear" indicates a high level
of difficulty. The phrase "I will never be able to fill it" means that he tried several
methods and was completely unsuccessful.
Frog: "Well," said the frog, "if you promise me to do whatever I bid you for a
whole night long, I'll tell you how to fill it."
Type of implicature: Scale, Conditional implicature
Implicature: A frog's speech implies a conditional exchange. It indicates that
the frog knows how to help the girl, but will only tell her if she agrees to her
terms. Using scaled implicature "during one night" means that the frog's
demands may be high or difficult.
In general, the dialogue involves a mutually beneficial situation where the
frog is ready to provide valuable information to fulfill the girl's nightly requests
(how to fill the electricity with water). This substitution establishes a dynamic of
force, in which the frog finds the necessary solution to the girl's problem and
rules over her. The girl's hopelessness and the frog's condition create the
tension that propels the tale forward.
Implications in fairy tales often serve to convey moral lessons in a subtle
way. For example, in the fairy tale about the reward of a good hero and the
punishment of a greedy person, the value of goodness and the consequences of
greed become self-evident.
Let's analyze an excerpt from a Karakalpak fairy tale:
One day, an old man, pointing to a mountain, said to his son, "My child, do
not go to the other side of that mountain. If you climb it, something bad will
happen." [5]
The old man's warning indicates his desire to protect his son's safety.
Although the elder did not explicitly state the nature of the danger, the child can
determine that the danger is real or that it is extremely serious based on his
father's tone and the context of the warning. Guiding speech act: The father's
statement is considered an order because he commands his son not to go to a
THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF
PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
131
specific place. It embodies mutual authority and concern, and demands
unconditional obedience.
In conclusion, in fairy tales, implicatures are used to convey deep meaning,
moral lessons, and cultural values. The possibility of classifying these
implicatures into several broad categories, each with its own unique
characteristics, has been studied by scholars. Generalized, individual, scaled, and
traditional implications are used in the text of fairy tales.
References:
1.
H.P Grice (1975) "Logic and Conversation" p 56
2.
"The Golden Goose" by the Brothers Grimm.
3.
The Cunning Fox by J. Webb
4.
"The well of the world's end" by William Morris ,(1896)
5.
" Batır bala" Qaraqalpaq xalıq folklorı 67-76 Tom
