The article describes the techniques of cognitive development and competence. The students with weak accomplishments are at the lowest level of these relationships, the level characterized by a lack of relation to knowledge. The cognitive technique can be labeled in different ways, but the most important thing is to define its goal, so that it is clear to the participants, so that it brings advice /instructions/ for implementation, so that it is open to modification and transformation. It must direct the study process towards thinking, towards the stages of comprehension, towards the conditionality of the relation "memorization–competence."
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