Vol. 4 No. 05 (2022)

Carbon nanofiber (CNF) is an important nano form of graphitic carbon. It is competing with Carbon Nano Tubes (CNT) in many aspects, in both fundamental scientific research and practical applications. It is a promising material as an additive in polymers for its applications in many fields. The electrical property of CNF composites largely counts on the dispersion and percolation status of CNFs in matrix materials. In this review properties and applications of CNF nanocomposites are dealt with. Fabrication methods of CNF composites have also been discussed in brief. The suitable polymers that have been used for conjugating with CNF vary from natural biopolymers such as polysaccharides, fibrin, and proteins to various synthetic polymers. The review also encompasses various approaches involved in synthesizing polymer and CNF nanoconjugates as well as their application ranging from cosmetics to batteries and solar cells.

At the present time, in the mining and metallurgical industry, there are trends in the processing of man-made waste that have accumulated over the course of many years. Since the world's reserves of ore deposits with a high initial content of non-ferrous metals and easily processed ores are currently practically depleted. This is due to a decrease in the volume of processing of conditioned ores and the involvement in the development of industrial waste, refractory ores and off-balance from low-grade dumps. High prices for metals on the world market create a favorable environment for the development of technologies for the extraction of precious metals involving the processing of mineral resources of technogenic origin. The work studies the mineralogical composition of industrial waste from the copper industry in the conditions of JSC "Almalyk MMC", determined the effectiveness of methods for the selective extraction of platinoids and paid attention to the methods of dissolution, reduction of platinum metals and methods of their purification from various impurities. Based on the study of this topic and the analysis of the results of the research, the authors proposed an optimal technology and complex methods for extracting platinum, palladium and rhodium from industrial waste using selective methods suitable for each metal separately using hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy. Hydrometallurgical methods have been developed for the purification of palladium, platinum and rhodium with treatment, respectively, with formic, citric and nitric acids. As a result of the developed technologies, the possibility of complex extraction of platinum group metals from industrial waste has been achieved. In this case, the end-to-end extraction of all platinoids is over 80%.

The paper considers as hubs for the transportation of products and individuals, as well as the advanced boondocks of a country, air terminals don't just assume a significant monetary part in present day culture, yet additionally enhance a local area's social and social attachment and variety. Concerning their effect on the regular and anthropological climate, they address a very energy-concentrated type of transport, which can force tremendous changes to the laid out connections and order. Worked to have an assortment of purposes and serve different clients' gatherings, enormous air terminal terminals advanced from open fields, to retail plazas, to metropolitan mixtures, having a functional size typically equivalent to that of a cutting edge city, yet of a disputable quality and with no particular region or populace. Security guidelines and market overviews have up until this point administered their plan, prompting the reception of a nonexclusive advancement design that further disengages them from the encompassing area, no matter what its improved availability.